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'''Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a)''', (Arabic: {{ia|إمام الحسن العسكري}}) the eleventh Imam of [[Shia]] Muslims and the father of [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]], was born in 232/846 in [[Medina]]. During his childhood, he was forced to accompany his father to [[Samarra]],[[Iraq]], by the Abbasid caliph. He lived there under Abbasid surveillance until his martyrdom in 260/874. He was buried alongside his father, [[Imam al-Hadi (a)]], in Samarra, at a site known today as [[the Shrine al-'Askariyyayn]].
'''Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a)''', (Arabic: {{ia|إمام الحسن العسكري}}) the eleventh Imam of [[Shia]] Muslims and the father of [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]], was born in 232/846 in [[Medina]]. During his childhood, he was forced to accompany his father to [[Samarra]],[[Iraq]], by the Abbasid caliph. He lived there under Abbasid surveillance until his martyrdom in 260/874. He was buried alongside his father, [[Imam al-Hadi (a)]], in Samarra, at a site known today as [[the Shrine al-'Askariyyayn]].


There is no reported account of Imam al-Hasan al-Askari (a) performing the [[hajj]]. Narrations from Imam al-'Askari regarding hajj and the philosophy of the '[[talbiya]]' and its expressions have been recorded. In addition to the tafsir (exegesis) of the Qur'an attributed to him, supplications from him have also been recorded in the sources.
There is no reported account of Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a) performing the [[hajj]]. Narrations from Imam al-'Askari regarding hajj and the philosophy of the '[[talbiya]]' and its expressions have been recorded. In addition to the tafsir (exegesis) of the Qur'an attributed to him, supplications from him have also been recorded in the sources.


==Biography==   
==Biography==   
Hasan ibn Ali ibn Muhammad (a), commonly known as Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (AS), was the eleventh Imam of the Twelve Imams in Shia Islam. His father was [[Imam al-Hadi (a)]], and his mother was a noblewoman from Nubia.<ref>Masʿūdī, ''Ithbāt al-Waṣiyya'', p. 244. </ref> According to widely accepted accounts, he was born on the 8th of Rabi al-Thani in 232 AH/2th December 846 in [[Medina]].<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Dalāʾil al-Imāma'', p. 423; Ibn Shahrāshūb. ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 3, p. 523.</ref>   
Al-Hasan b. 'Ali b. Muhammad (a), commonly known as Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a), was the eleventh Imam of the Twelve Imams in Shia Islam. His father was [[Imam al-Hadi (a)]], and his mother was a Nubian concubine.<ref>Masʿūdī, ''Ithbāt al-waṣīyya'', p. 244.</ref> According to widely accepted accounts, he was born on the 8th of Rabi al-Thani in 232/2th December 846 in [[Medina]].<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Dalāʾil al-imāma'', p. 423; Ibn Shahrāshūb. ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 3, p. 523.</ref>   


At the age of four, in 236 AH/850 AD, or possibly in 233 AH/847 AD<ref>Ashʿarī al-Qummī, ''al-Maqālāt wa-l-Firaq'', p. 100.</ref>, he accompanied his father to Samarra after the Abbasid caliph Mutawakkil detained his father. Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a) remained in [[Samarra]] until the end of his life.<ref>Masʿūdī, ''Ithbāt al-Waṣiyya'', p. 243-4.</ref>   
At the age of four, in 236/850, or possibly in 233/847<ref>Ashʿarī al-Qummī, ''al-Maqālāt wa-l-Firaq'', p. 100.</ref>, he accompanied his father to Samarra after the Abbasid caliph al-Mutawakkil detained his father. Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a) remained in [[Samarra]] until the end of his life.<ref>Masʿūdī, ''Ithbāt al-waṣīyya'', p. 243-4.</ref>   


He was given the title "al-'Askari" because [[Mutawakkil]] housed him in the military district of Samarra.<ref>Ibn Khallikān. ''Wafayāt al-Aʿyān'', vol. 2, p. 94. 
He was given the title "al-'Askari" because [[al-Mutawakkil]] housed him in the military district of Samarra.<ref>Ibn Khallikān. ''Wafayāt al-Aʿyān'', vol. 2, p. 94; ''Mawsūʿat al-Imām al-ʿAskarī'', vol. 1, p. 38.</ref> Additionally, he was known as "Ibn al-Rida," a title also attributed to his father, Imam al-Hadi (a), and his grandfather, [[Imam al-Jawad (a)]], due to their lineage from Imam al-Rida (a).<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Kamāl al-dīn wa tamām al-niʿma''. p. 41, Ibn Shahrāshūb,  ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 3, p. 523.</ref> Other titles recorded for him in historical sources include al-Khalis, al-Khass, al-Siraj, al-Samit, al-Zaki, and al-Taqi.<ref>Ṭabarī,  ''Dalāʾil al-imāma'', pp. 423–424; Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib''. vol. 3, p. 523.</ref>   
Muʾassasat Walī al-ʿAṣr, ''Mawsūʿat al-Imām al-ʿAskarī'', vol. 1, p. 38.</ref>Additionally, he was known as "Ibn al-Ridha," a title also attributed to his father, Imam al-Hadi (a), and his grandfather, [[Imam al-Jawad (a)]], due to their lineage from Imam al-Ridha (a).<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Kamāl al-dīn wa tamām al-niʿma''. p. 41, Ibn Shahrāshūb,  ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', Vol. 3, p. 523.</ref> Other titles recorded for him in historical sources include Khālis, Khāṣṣ, Sirāj, Ṣāmit, Zakī, and Taqī.<ref>Ṭabarī,  ''Dalāʾil al-imāma'', pp. 423–424; Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib''. Vol. 3, p. 523.</ref>   
 
Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari’s wife was [[Narjis]], and their only son was [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]].<ref>ʿĀmilī, ''al-Tatimma fī tawārīkh al-aʾimma'', p. 143; Sabziwārī, ''Rāḥat al-arwāḥ'', p. 267.</ref> However, some historians have mentioned other children for him.<ref>Maṣʿūdī, ''Tārīkh al-aʾimma'', p. 22.</ref>


Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari’s wife was [[Lady Narjis Khatun]], and their only son was [[Imam Mahdi (a)]]<ref>Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Ḥusaynī, ''Al-Tatimma fī tawārīkh al-aʾimma'', p. 143;Shūshtarī, ''Rāḥat al-arwāḥ'', p. 267.</ref>. However, some historians have mentioned the possibility of other children attributed to him.<ref>Maṣʿūdī, ''Tārīkh al-aʾimma'', p. 22.</ref>
===Martyrdom===
===Martyrdom===
{{Main| Shrine of the Two Askari Imams}}   
{{Main|Shrine of al-'Askariyyayn}}   


Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (AS) was martyred at the age of 28 on the 8th of Rabi al-Awwal in 260 AH/ 1th January 874 AD, poisoned under the orders of the Abbasid caliph [[al-Mu'tamid]]. He was buried next to his father, Imam al-Hadi (a), in Samarra. This sacred site is known as the Shrine of the Two Askari Imams (al-'Askariyain).<ref>Ṭūsī, Al-Ghayba, p. 219; Mufīd,  Al-Irshād, p. 323; ''Ṭabrisī, Iʿlām al-warā'', p. 131.</ref>   
Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a) was martyred at the age of 28 on the 8th of Rabi al-Awwal in 260/1th January 874, poisoned under the orders of the Abbasid caliph [[al-Mu'tamid]]. He was buried next to his father, Imam al-Hadi (a), in Samarra. This sacred site is known as the Shrine of the Two al-'Askari Imams (al-'Askariyain).<ref>Nuʿmānī, ''al-Ghayba'', p. 219; Mufīd,  ''al-Irshād'', p. 323; Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', p. 131.</ref>   


The burial place of Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a), alongside his father, remains a revered shrine and pilgrimage destination, famously referred to as the [[Shrine of the Two Askari Imams]].<ref>Qazwīnī, ''Maʾāthir al-kubrā'', Vol. 1, p. 315.</ref>
The burial place of Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a), alongside his father, remains a revered shrine and pilgrimage destination, famously referred to as the [[Shrine of al-'Askariyyayn]].<ref>Maḥallātī, ''Maʾāthir al-kubrāʾ, vol. 1, p. 315.</ref>


==Period of Imamate==   
==Imamate==   


Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a) spent 23 years alongside his father, Imam al-Hadi (a), and, following his father’s martyrdom, became his successor at the age of 22, as per Imam al-Hadi’s will.<ref>Mufīd, ''Al-Irshād'', pp. 313–315; Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā bi-aʿlām al-hudā'', pp. 131–133; Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', Vol. 3, pp. 523–524.</ref> His period of Imamate lasted six years (254–260 AH/846- 874 AD).<ref>Ṭūsī, ''Al-Ghayba'', pp. 120–122.</ref>   
Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari (a) spent 23 years alongside his father, Imam al-Hadi (a), and, following his father’s martyrdom, became his successor at the age of 22, as per Imam al-Hadi’s will.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', pp. 313–315; Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', pp. 131–133; Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 3, pp. 523–524.</ref> His period of Imamate lasted six years (254–260/846-874).<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Ghayba'', pp. 120–122.</ref>   


Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari’s Imamate coincided with the reigns of three Abbasid caliphs: al-Mu'tazz (252–255 AH/866-868 AD), al-Muhtadi (255–256 AH/868-869 AD), and al-Mu'tamid (256–279 AH/869-892 AD).<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Dalāʾil al-imāma'' p. 423; Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', p. 349; Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', Vol. 3, p. 523.</ref> During al-Mu'tazz’s rule, the Imam was imprisoned, and an attempt was made on his life, but al-Mu'tazz was killed by Turkish forces before he could carry it out.<ref>Ṭūsī, ''Al-Ghayba'', p. 208.</ref> The harassment and imprisonment of the Imam continued during the reigns of al-Muhtadi<ref>Ṭūsī, ''Al-Ghayba'', p. 205.</ref> and al-Mu'tamid.<ref>Ṭūsī, ''Al-Ghayba'', p. 219; Mufīd, ''Al-Irshād'', p. 323; Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', p. 131.</ref>   
Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari’s Imamate coincided with the reigns of three Abbasid caliphs: al-Mu'tazz (r. 252–255/866-868), al-Muhtadi (r. 255–256/868-869), and al-Mu'tamid (r. 256–279/869-892).<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Dalāʾil al-imāma'' p. 423; Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', p. 349; Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 3, p. 523.</ref> During al-Mu'tazz’s rule, the Imam was imprisoned, and an attempt was made on his life, but al-Mu'tazz was killed by Turkish forces before he could carry it out.<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Ghayba'', p. 208.</ref> The harassment and imprisonment of the Imam continued during the reigns of al-Muhtadi<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Ghayba'', p. 205.</ref> and al-Mu'tamid.<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Ghayba'', p. 219; Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', p. 323; Ṭabrisī, ''Iʿlām al-warā'', p. 131.</ref>   


Despite the Abbasid authorities’ strict surveillance over the Imam's residence, many of his followers, including narrators, representatives, and companions, maintained contact with him. Notable among them were Ibrahim ibn Mahziyar, [[Abd al-Azim al-Hasani]], [[Uthman ibn Sa’id al-Umari]], and [[Fazl ibn Shadhan al-Nishaburi]].<ref>Ṭūsī, ''Rijāl al-Ṭūsī'', pp. 397–400.</ref>   
Despite the Abbasid authorities’ strict surveillance over the Imam's residence, many of his followers, including narrators, representatives, and companions, maintained contact with him. Notable among them were [[Ibrahim b. Mahziyar]], [[Abd al-'Azim al-Hasani]], [['Uthman b. Sa’id al-'Amri]], and [[Fadl b. Shadhan al-Nishaburi]].<ref>Ṭūsī, ''Rijāl al-Ṭūsī'', pp. 397–400.</ref>   


===Books Attributed to Imam al-'Askari===   
===Books Attributed to Imam al-'Askari===   


Among Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari’s cultural contributions are several works attributed to him, including:   
Among Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari’s cultural contributions are several works attributed to him, including:   
*Kitab al-Manqaba
*''Kitab al-Manqaba''
*Masa'il Abi Muhammad al-Hasan al-'Askari  
*''Masa'il Abi Muhammad al-Hasan al-'Askari''
*Tawqi'at al-Imam al-'Askari
*''Tawqi'at al-Imam al-'Askari''
*Tafsir attributed to Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari<ref>Arbalī, ''Kashf al-ghumma'', pp. 208–210.
*''Tafsir'' attributed to Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari<ref>Arbalī, ''Kashf al-ghumma'', pp. 208–210.</ref>   
</ref>   


Additionally, many supplications (duas) from the Imam are preserved in various sources.<ref>Arbalī, Kashf al-ghumma. p. 211.</ref>
Additionally, many supplications (du'as) from the Imam are preserved in various sources.<ref>Arbalī, ''Kashf al-ghumma''. p. 211.</ref>
 


==Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari and Hajj==   
==Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari and Hajj==   
 
There are no conclusive reports of Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari performing [[hajj]]. He is widely considered the only Imam who could not perform the pilgrimage due to his house arrest in [[Samarra]]. However, some sources mention narrations from the Imam in [[Mecca]],<ref>''Hajj al-Anbiyāʾ wa l-Aʾimma'', p. 466.</ref> and a report by al-Baladhuri indicates his presence there.<ref>Arbalī, ''Kashf al-ghumma'', vol. 3, p. 198.</ref>   
There are no conclusive reports of Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari performing [[Hajj]]. He is widely considered the only Imam who could not perform the pilgrimage due to his house arrest in [[Samarra]].<ref>Ṣadr, ''Al-Anbiyāʾ wa al-aʾimma'', p. 466.</ref> However, some sources mention narrations from the Imam in [[Mecca]], and a report by Baladhuri indicates his presence there.<ref>Arbalī, ''Kashf al-ghumma'', Vol. 3, p. 198.</ref>   


===Sending His Family to Mecca===   
===Sending His Family to Mecca===   
It is said that shortly before his passing, Imam al-'Askari sent his mother and his son, [[Imam Mahdi (a)]], to perform [[Hajj]].<ref>Masʿūdī, Ithbāt al-waṣiyya, p. 255.</ref> They traveled under the protection of Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Mutahhar, a close associate of the eleventh Imam. Following the pilgrimage, it is believed they moved to [[Medina]], possibly as a place of concealment for the twelfth Imam.<ref>Ṣadr, ''Tārīkh al-siyāsī li-ghaybat al-Imām al-thānī ʿashar (ʿaj)'', p. 124.</ref>
It is said that shortly before his passing, Imam al-'Askari sent his mother and his son, [[Imam al-Mahdi (a)]], to perform [[hajj]].<ref>Masʿūdī, ''Ithbāt al-waṣīyya'', p. 255.</ref> They traveled under the protection of Ahmad b. Muhammad b. al-Mutahhar, a close companion of the eleventh Imam. Following the pilgrimage, it is believed they moved to [[Medina]], possibly as a place of concealment for Imam al-Mahdi (a).<ref>Ḥusayn, ''Tārīkh-i sīyāsī-yi ghaybat-i Imām-i Dawāzdahum'', p. 124.</ref>


===Narrations About Hajj===   
===Narrations About Hajj===   
The Imam provided various narrations related to Hajj, including rulings and spiritual insights. For instance, Muhammad ibn al-Mutahhar narrated a tradition regarding [[Hajj Bazli]] (performing Hajj on behalf of another).<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Musnad al-Imām al-ʿAskarī'', p. 252.</ref> The Imam also conveyed a narration about the philosophy and meanings behind the phrases of [[Labbayk]].<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Man lā yaḥḍuruhu al-faqīh'', Vol. 2, pp. 327–328; Ṣadūq, ''ʿIlal al-sharāʾiʿ'', p. 417.</ref>
The Imam provided various narrations related to hajj, including rulings and spiritual insights. For instance, Muhammad b. al-Mutahhar narrated a tradition regarding [[al-hajj al-badhli]] (performing hajj on behalf of another).<ref>ʿAṭārūdī Quchānī, ''Musnad al-Imām al-ʿAskarī'' , p. 252.</ref> The Imam also conveyed a narration about the philosophy and meanings behind the phrases of [[talbiya]].<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Man lā yaḥḍuruhu al-faqīh'', vol. 2, pp. 327–328; Ṣadūq, ''ʿIlal al-sharāyiʿ'', p. 417.</ref>


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{Notes}}
{{Notes}}
==References==
==References==
{{References}}
{{References}}
*Abū Saʿīd Shīʿī Sabzawārī al-. ''Rāḥat al-Arwāḥ''. Edited by Muḥammad Sipaḥrī. Tehran: Mīrāth-i Maktūb, 1378 Sh.
* ʿĀmilī, Tāj al-Dīn b. ʿAlī b. Aḥmad al-Ḥusaynī al-. ''al-Tatimma fī tawārīkh al-aʾimma''. Qom: Muʾassisat al-Biʿtha, 1412 AH.  
*ʿĀmilī, Tāj al-Dīn b. ʿAlī b. Aḥmad al-Ḥusaynī al-. ''al-Tatamma fī Tawārīkh al-Aʾimma''. Qom: Muʾassasat al-Baʿtha, 1412 AH. 
* Arbalī, ʿAlī b. Abī l-Fatḥ al-. ''Kashf al-ghumma fī maʿrifat al-Aʾimma''. Beirut: Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, n.d.  
*Amīn, Sayyid Muḥsin. ''Aʿyān al-Shīʿa''. Edited by Ḥasan al-Amīn. Beirut: Dār al-Taʿārif.
* Ashʿarī al-Qummī, Saʿd b. ʿAbd Allāh al- (d. 301 AH). ‘’Al-Maqālāt wa l-firaq’’. Qom: Markaz Intishārāt ʿIlmī wa Farhangī, 1360 Sh.  
*Arbilī, ʿAlī b. Abī al-Fatḥ al-. ''Kashf al-Ghumma fī Maʿrifat al-Aʾimma''. Beirut: Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, [n.d].
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*Ashʿarī al-Qummī, Saʿd b. ʿAbd Allāh, al- (d. 301 AH). *al-Maqālāt wa-l-Firaq*. Qom: Markaz Intishārāt ʿIlmī wa-Thaqāfī, 1360 Sh.
* ''Hajj al-Anbīyāʾ wa l-Aʾimma'', Markaz-i Tahqīqāt-i Ḥajj, Tehran: Mashʿar, 1416 AH
*ʿAṭṭārūdī Qujānī, ʿAzīz Allāh. ''Musnad al-Imām al-ʿAskarī Abī Muḥammad al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī ʿalayhimā al-salām''. Beirut: Dār al-Ṣafwa, 1413 AH/1993 CE.
* Ḥusayn, Jāsim. ''Tārīkh-i sīyāsī-yi ghaybat-i Imām-i Dawāzdahum''. Translated by Sayyid Muḥammad Taqī Āyatullāhī. Tehran: Amīr Kabīr, 1385 Sh.  
*Ḥajj al-Anbiyāʾ wa-l-Aʾimma (ʿalayhim al-salām)*. Center for Ḥajj Research. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1416 AH. 
* Ibn Khallikān. ''Wafayāt al-aʿyān wa anbāʾ al-zamān''. Lebanon: Dār al-Thiqāfa, n.d.  
*Ḥusayn, Jāsim. ''Tārīkh-i Sīyāsī-i Ghaybat-i Imām-i Dawāzdahum (ʿAjj)''. Translated by Sayyid Muḥammad Taqī Āyatullāhī. Tehran: Amīr Kabīr, 1385 Sh.
* Ibn Shahrāshūb . ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib''. Najaf: al-Maktaba al-Ḥaydarīyya, 1376 AH.  
*Ibn Shahrāshūb . ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib''. Edited by a group of Najaf scholars. Najaf al-Ashraf: al-Maktaba al-Ḥaydariyya, 1376 AH.
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*Kashshī al-. *Rijāl al-Kashshī (Ikhtiyār Maʿrifat al-Rijāl)*. Corrected by Mīr Dāmād and Rajāʾī. Qom: Āl al-Bayt, 1404 AH. 
* Masʿūdī, Abū l-Ḥasan. ''Ithbāt al-waṣīyya li-l-Imām ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib''. Qom: Anṣārīyān, 1423 AH.
*Ibn Khallikān. ''Wafayāt al-Aʿyān wa-Anbāʾ al-Zamān''. Edited by Iḥsān ʿAbbās. Lebanon: Dār al-Thaqāfa, no date.
* Nuʿmānī al- . ''Al-Ghayba''. Qom: Anwār al-Hudā, 1422 AH.
*Kātib al-Baghdādī. ''Tārīkh al-Aʾimma (al-Majmūʿa)''. Qom: Maktabat al-Marʿashī al-Najafī, 1406 AH.
* Sabziwārī, Abū Saʿīd al-Shīʿī al-. ''Rāḥat al-arwāḥ''. Tehran: Mīrāth-i Maktūb, 1378 Sh.  
*Kulaynī al- . ''al-Kāfī''. Corrected by ʿAlī Akbar Ghifārī. Tehran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya, 1363 Sh. 
* Ṣadūq al-. ''ʿIlal al-sharāyiʿ''. Najaf: al-Maktaba al-Ḥaydarīyya, 1386 AH.  
*Maḥallātī, Dhabīḥ Allāh. ''Maʾāthir al-Kubrāʾ fī Tārīkh Sāmarrāʾ''. Qom: al-Maktaba al-Ḥaydariyya, 1384 Sh/1426 AH.  
* Ṣadūq al-. ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh''. Qom: al-Nashr al-Islāmī, n.d.  
*Majlisī. ''Biḥār al-Anwār''. Edited by Sayyid Ḥasan al-Mūsawī al-Khurāsān. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH. 
* Ṣadūq, al- . ''Kamal al-dīn wa tamām al-niʿma''. Qom: al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1405 AH.  
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* Sayyid Muḥammad al-Ḥusaynī al-Qazwīnī et. al. ''Mawsūʿat al-Imām al-ʿAskarī''. Qom: Muʾassisat Walī al-ʿAṣr, 1426 AH.  
*''Mawsūʿat al-Imām al-ʿAskarī''. Edited by Sayyid Muḥammad al-Ḥusaynī al-Qazwīnī and others. Qom: Muʾassasat Walī al-ʿAṣr, 1426 AH.
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* Ṭabrisī, al-. ‘’Iʿlām al-warā bi-aʿlām al-hudā’’. Qom: Āl al-Bayt li-Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1417 AH.  
*Nuʿmānī al- . ''al-Ghayba''. Edited by Fāris Ḥassūn. Qom: Anwār al-Hudā, 1422 AH.
* Ṭūsī, al-. ''Rijāl al-Ṭūsī’’ (‘’al-Abwāb’’). Qom: al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1415 AH.
*Rāwandī, Quṭb al-Dīn . ''al-Kharāʾij wa-l-Jarāʾiḥ''. Edited by Sayyid Muḥammad Bāqir al-Abṭaḥī. Qom: Muʾassasat al-Imām al-Hādī, 1409 AH.
 
*Ṣadūq al-. ''ʿIlal al-Sharāʾiʿ''. Edited by Sayyid Muḥammad Ṣādiq Baḥr al-ʿUlūm. Najaf al-Ashraf: al-Maktaba al-Ḥaydariyya, 1386 AH.  
*Ṣadūq al- . ''Kamal al-Dīn wa-Tamām al-Niʿma''. Edited by ʿAlī Akbar Ghifārī. Qom: al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1405 AH.
*Ṣadūq al-. ''Man Lā Yaḥḍuruhu al-Faqīh''. Edithed by ʿAlī Akbar Ghifārī. Qom: al-Nashr al-Islāmī.  
*Sibṭ b. al-Jawzī. ''Tadhkirat al-Khawāṣṣ min al-Umma fī Dhikr Khaṣāʾiṣ al-Aʾimma''. Qom: al-Sharīf al-Raḍī, 1418 AH.    
*Ṭabarasī, Shaykh. Aʿlām al-Warā bi-Aʿlām al-Hudā. Qom: Āl al-Bayt li-Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1417 AH.  
*Ṭabarī al-Shīʿī. ''Dalāʾil al-Imāma''. Qom: al-Baʿtha, 1413 AH. 
*Ṭūsī, Shaykh al-. ''Rijāl al-Ṭūsī (al-Abwāb)''. Edited by Jawād al-Qayyūmī al-Iṣfahānī. Qom: al-Nashr al-Islāmī, 1415 AH.
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[[Category:Shi'a Imams]]
[[fa: امام حسن عسکری(ع)]]
[[fa: امام حسن عسکری(ع)]]
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