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'''Suqyā Mosque'''(Arabic: مسجد السقیا) is one of the mosques in [[Medina]], which is located in the southeast part of Medina railway station, in ʿAnbarīyya neighborhood. This mosque is called Suqyā; Because it is located in the Suqyā region and near the Suqyā well. On the way to [[Badr]], the Prophet saw his army in Suqyā, did his prayer, prayed for the people of [[Medina]] and drank water from the well of Suqyā.
'''The shrine of Ismail ibn Jafar (a)''' is the burial place of Ismāʿīl, the eldest son of Imam Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq (a.s.), who passed away before his father. His body was buried in Medina, in the Baqiʿ Cemetery. For centuries, this shrine had a structure and a dome and was a place of visitation for pilgrims. It is said that the shrine was built on land that was previously the house of Imam al-Sajjād (a.s.), and in its courtyard, there was a well from which people would drink for the healing of the sick.


==Location==
This shrine was destroyed in the year 1344 AH when the Wahhabis took control of Mecca and Medina. After this event, a simple wall was built around the grave until it was completely demolished during the construction of a road next to the cemetery. According to some reports, the body of Ismāʿīl was moved to another part of Baqīʿ, near the grave of Umm al-Banīn or near the graves of the Martyrs of Ḥarra, or about 10 meters away from the grave of Ḥalīma al-Saʿdiyya.
Suqyā Mosque is located inside the fence of ʿAnbarīyya railway station and in its southeast. The well of Suqyā is located in the south of that mosque, and Tariq Makka Street separates the two(the well and the mosque).<ref>Anṣārī, ''Āthār al-madīna al-munawwara'', p. 136.</ref> Currently, the Suqyā Mosque is located inside the railway station.<ref>Jaʿfariyān, ''Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 367.</ref>


==Reason for the naming==
==Ismaill ibn Jafar==
This mosque is called Suqyā; Because it is located in the Suqyā region and near the Suqyā well.<ref>Abdu-l Ghanī, ''Al-Masājid al-Atharīyya fī al- madīna al-munawwara'', p. 102.</ref>
Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar was the eldest son of Imam Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad al-Ṣādiq (a.s.), the sixth Imam of the Shia, who passed away during his father’s lifetime. His death is estimated to have occurred around the year 138 AH.<ref>“The Shrine of Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar in Baqīʿ and Its Historical Context up to the Present Century,” p. 52.</ref> Some Shia during the lifetime of Imam al-Ṣādiq (a.s.) believed that Ismāʿīl would be his successor. Some denied his death, while others believed in the Imamate of his son, Muḥammad. Both groups came to be known as the Ismāʿīlīs.<ref>Al-Irshād, vol. 2, pp. 209–210.</ref>


===Qubba al-ruʾūs===
==Burial Place==  
From the 11th/16thAD century onwards, this mosque was also known as the Qubba al-ruʾūs.<ref>Anṣārī, ''Āthār al-madīna al-munawwara'', p. 136.</ref> According to ʿAlī Ḥāfiẓ, it was called Qubba al-ruʾūs because the ʿUttoman Turks used to cut off the heads of desert bandits and put them there.<ref>Anṣārī, ''Āthār al-madīna al-munawwara'', P. 136; Numīrī, ''Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara'',  p. 146.</ref>According to ʿAyyāshī, the historian of [[Medina]], Making this mosque known as Qubba al-ruʾūs has a bad effect and this name is not worthy of this mosque.<ref>ʿAyyāshī, ''Al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-māḍī wa al-ḥāḍir'', p. 192.</ref>
According to historical sources, Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar passed away in ʿUrayḍ (a village near Medina), but his body was brought to Medina and buried in the Baqīʿ Cemetery.<ref>Al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 209; Sirr al-Silsila al-ʿAlawiyya, p. 34; al-Majdī, p. 100.</ref> His grave was located in an area that became separated from the rest of Baqīʿ when the city walls were extended, placing his shrine inside the walls of Medina (adjacent to the city wall) while the rest of the cemetery remained outside.<ref>Wafāʾ al-Wafā, vol. 5, p. 117.</ref>
==History of the Dome==
The grave of Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar had a dome during certain periods of history. It is said that the dome and shrine were built during the rule of the Fatimids in Egypt (302–564 AH). A description from the 8th century AH indicates that at that time, the grave of Ismāʿīl was a shrine with a large white dome located west of the dome of ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib and adjacent to the wall of Medina. According to the same report, the shrine was built on land that was previously the house of Imam Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn (a.s.), and at that time, there was an abandoned mosque and a well next to the shrine.<ref>Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra, p. 121.</ref>


==Prophet(a) in Suqyā==
Samhūdī, a historian of Medina in the second half of the 9th century, mentions two inscriptions at the shrine of Ismāʿīl. These inscriptions indicated that the structure was built by Ḥusayn ibn Abī al-Hayjāʾ (an envoy of the Fatimid government) in the year 546 AH, and the same individual had also endowed a garden located to the west of the shrine to Ismāʿīl’s mausoleum.<ref>Wafāʾ al-Wafā, vol. 3, p. 306.</ref>
On the way from Medina to Badr (in the [[Battle of Badr]]), [[Prophet Muhammad(a)]] stopped in Suqyā and did prayer and prayed: Just as God blessed the people of [[Mecca]] after the prayer of [[Prophet Abraham]] (a), may He also bless the people of [[Medina]].<ref>Tirmidhī, ''Al-Jāmiʿ al-ṣaḥīḥ'', vol. 5, p. 528.</ref> It is said that the Prophet saw his army in this place.<ref>Numīrī, ''Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara'', vol 1., p. 72.</ref> It is reported that the Prophet(a) drank water from the Suqyā well on his way to Badr.<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol.1, p. 504.</ref>


==History of Suqyā Mosque==
Later travelogues also mention the shrine of Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar.<ref>See: “The Shrine of Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar in Baqīʿ and Its Historical Context up to the Present Century,” pp. 56–59.</ref> For example, ʿAyyāshī, a travel writer from the Levant in the 11th century, reports that Shia pilgrims, many of whom were part of the Iraqi caravan, made a point to visit the grave of Ismāʿīl.<ref>Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya, vol. 1, p. 381.</ref> A report from the early 13th century AH also mentions a well in the courtyard of the shrine attributed to Imam Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn (a.s.), from which water was taken for the healing of the sick.<ref>Ḥālāt al-Ḥaramayn, in Fifty Hajj Travelogues from the Qajar Era, p. 256.</ref> 
Ibn Shabbah considers this mosque as one of the mosques where the Prophet(a) prayed.<ref>Numīrī, ''Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara'', vol. 1, p. 72.</ref> According to Samhūdī's report, [[ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿazīz]] built this mosque at the place of the Prophet's prayer. According to the words of Samhūdī, quoted by Abū ʿAbdallah Asadī, one of the historians of the first centuries, this mosque was famous as one of the historical mosques of [[Medina]].<ref>Samhūdī, ''Wafāʾ al-wafā'', vol. 3, p. 198.</ref>
==Destruction of the Dome==
With the rise of the Wahhabis in the Arabian Peninsula and Medina, the shrine of Ismāʿīl, like other tombs and shrines, was destroyed in the year 1344 AH. According to some later reports, a simple wall was built around the grave.<ref>Travelogue of Ḥājj Sayyid Muḥammad Fāṭimī, in Fourteen Other Hajj Travelogues from the Qajar Era, p. 996.</ref> It is said that his shrine was surrounded by walls without doors or windows, measuring three by three meters and two and a half meters in height, located outside the Baqīʿ Cemetery, about 15 meters from its wall, to the west and facing the graves of the Imams (a.s.).<ref>Tārīkh Ḥaram Aʾimmat al-Baqīʿ, pp. 289–290.</ref>


===Samhūdī's report about Suqyā Mosque===
==Current Location of the Grave 
At the time of Samhūdī, this mosque was destroyed. He went to the place of the mosque and seeing a big building stone, he ordered to dig there. After the exploration, the miḥrāb and the four corners of the Suqyā Mosque appeared. Based on the decorations and carvings of the stones that were discovered, Samhoudi believed that this building was built during the time of [[ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿazīz]].<ref>Samhudī, ''Wafāʾ al-wafā'', vol. 3, p. 200.</ref> According to Samhudī's report, Suqyā Mosque in his time, was rebuilt on its original foundations, which is a square with an area of about seven cubits by seven cubits.<ref>Samhudī, ''Wafāʾ al-wafā'', vol. 3, p. 200.</ref>Aḥmad ʿAbbāsī's report in the 11th/17th century also confirms the area of this mosque.<ref>ʿAbbāsī, ''ʿUmdat al-akhbār'', p. 189.</ref>
In the year 1394 AH (1975 CE), during the construction of the western road of Baqīʿ, the area around the grave of Ismāʿīl was demolished, and rumors spread that his body was found intact.<ref>Tārīkh Ḥaram Aʾimmat al-Baqīʿ, p. 290.</ref> Some reports indicate that the body of Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar (a.s.) was moved inside the Baqīʿ Cemetery with the coordination of some Ismāʿīlī leaders<ref>Āthār Islāmī Makka wa Madīna, p. 348.</ref> and marked.<ref>Tārīkh Ḥaram Aʾimmat al-Baqīʿ, p. 290; Āthār Islāmī Makka wa Madīna, p. 348.</ref> The exact location of his burial is unclear due to differing descriptions and the loss of markers, but it is believed to be near the grave of Umm al-Banīn, near the graves of the Martyrs of Ḥarra, or about 10 meters from the grave of Ḥalīma al-Saʿdiyya at the end of Baqīʿ.<ref>Tārīkh Ḥaram Aʾimmat al-Baqīʿ, p. 291.</ref>
According to a report from 1073AH/1662-3AD this mosque is located on the left side of the road leading to [[Medina]] from [[ʿAqīq]] route, in the western [[Ḥarra]].<ref>ʿAyyāshī, ''Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya'', vol. 1, p. 395.</ref>
==Notes==
 
{{Notes}}
===Yāsīn Khayārī's opinion===
==References==
Scholars of the first and middle centuries are of the same opinion that the Suqyā Mosque is a historical mosque that is located inside the railway station today. Yāsīn Al-Khayārī a contemporary historian of [[Medina]], said: the ruined building that was located next to the Suqyā well in his time and was destroyed for the development of the road, is the Suqyā Mosque.<ref>Khayārī, ''Tārīkh maʿālimal-madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan'', p. 149.</ref>This dilapidated building is clearly visible in the picture he gave in his book. Muḥammad ʾIlyās Abdu-l Ghanī, with several reasons, has proved the famous opinion and rejected the opinion of Khayārī.<ref>Abdu-l Ghanī, ''Al-Masājid al-Atharīyya fī al- madīna al-munawwara'', p. 102-106.</ref>
{{References}}
 
*ʿAyyāshī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-.''Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya''. Edited by Saʿīd al-Fāḍilī and Sulaymān al-Qarshī. Abu Dhabi: Dār al-Suwaydī lil-Nashr wa al-Tawzīʿ, 2006.
==Description of the mosque==
*Bukhārī, Muḥammad b. Ismāʿīl al-. ''Al-Adab al-mufrad''. 3rd edition. Edited by Muḥammad Fuʾād ʿAbd al-Bāqī. Beirut: Dār al-Bashāʾir al-Islāmiya, 1409 AH.
Shanqīṭī describes the Suqyā Mosque as follows: Inside the buildings of the railway station, from the south, the Suqyā Mosque can be seen, which has triple domes. The middle dome is bigger.<ref>Shanqīṭī, ''Al-Durr al-thamīna fī maʿālim dār al-rasūl'', p. 237.</ref>
*Jaʿfarīyān, Rasūl. ''Āthār Islāmī Makka wa Madīna''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1382 AH.
The mosque building has vertical and horizontal sections and consists of three empty spaces or gaps covered by three domes. The middle dome is the biggest of all the domes. Its miḥrāb is in the [[Qibla]] wall. In half of the north, east and west walls of its building, an arched and crescent-shaped valve with a circular arch is installed. The walls are plastered with white plaster.<ref>Ṣāliḥī Lumaʿī, ''Al-madīna al-munawwara wa taṭawwurihā al-ʿumrānī wa turāthiha al-miʿmārī'' P. 209-210.</ref>
*Khamihyār, Aḥmad.** *Bahsht al-Baqīʿ*. Tehran: Andīsha-yi Mīrāth, 1401 AH.  
 
*Mufīd, Shaykh al-.''Al-Irshād fī maʿrifat ḥujaj Allāh ʿalā al-ʿibād''. Edited by Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt. Qom: Kongreh Shaykh Mufīd, 1413 AH.
==notes==
*Muṭrī, Jamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-.''Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra''. Edited by Salmān al-Raḥīlī. Riyadh: Dār al-Malik ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, 1426 AH.
{{notes}}
*Najafī, Ḥāfiẓ.''Buqʿat Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar fī al-Baqīʿ wa basīṭuhā al-tārīkhī ilā al-qarn al-ḥāḍir''.Mīqāt al-Ḥajj, no. 124, pp. 49–74.
==references==
*Najmī, Muḥammad Ṣādiq.''Tārīkh ḥaram aʾimmat al-Baqīʿ wa āthār ukhrā fī Madīnat al-Munawwara''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1386 AH.
{{references}}
*Samhūdī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh al-.''Wafāʾ al-wafā bi-akhbār dār al-Muṣṭafā''. Edited by Qāsim al-Sāmarrāʾī. London: Muʾassasat al-Furqān, 2006.  
*ʿAbbāsī, Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd.''ʿUmdat al-akhbār''. Medina: al-Maktab al-ʿilmīyya, [n.d].
*ʿAbdu-l Ghanī, Muḥammad ʾIlyās. ''Al-Masājid al-Atharīyya fī al- madīna al-munawwara''. Medina: [n.p], 2000.
*Anṣārī, ʿAbdu-l quddūs al-. ''Āthār madīna al-munawwara''. Medina: Maktabat al-Salafīyya, 1973.
*ʿAyyāshī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad. ''Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya''. Abu Dhabi: Dār al-Suwaydī, 2006.
*ʿAyyāshī, Ibrāhīm .''Al-Madīna al-munawwara bayn al-māḍī wa al-ḥāḍir''. Medina: al-Maktab al-ʿilmīyya, 1972.
*Ḥāfiẓ, ʿAlī.Fuṣūl min tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara. Jeddah: Shirka al-madīna al-munawwara, 1417 AH.
*Ibn Saʿd, Muḥammad b. Manīʿ al-Ḥāshimī al-Baṣrī. ‘’Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā’’. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya,1410AH-1990.
*Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. ''Āthār-i islāmi-yi Makka wa Madīna''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1382 Sh.
*Khayārī, Sayyid Aḥmad Yāsīn.Tārīkh maʿālimal-madīna al-munawwara qadīman wa ḥadīthan. Riyadh: al-Amāna alʿāmma li-liḥtifāl miʾat ʿām ʿalā tʾsīs al-mamlika al- ʿarabiyya al-suʿūdiyya, 1419 AH/1999.
*Numīrī, Ibn Shabbah. ''Tārīkh al-madīna al-munawwara''. Edited by Fahīm Muḥammad Shaltūt. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1380 sh.
*Ṣāliḥī Lumaʿī, Muṣṭafā.Al-madīna al-munawwara taṭawwurihā al-ʿumrānī wa turāthiha al-miʿmārī. Beirut: Dār al-Nihḍa al-‘Arabīyya, 1981.
*Samhudī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. ‘’Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā’’. Edited by Muḥammad Muḥyi al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd. Beirut: 1984.
*Shanqīṭī, Muḥammad al-ʾAmīn al-. Al-Durr al-thamīna fī maʿālim dār al-rasūl(s). Beirut: Muʾassisa ʿUlūm al-Qurʾān, 1411 AH.
*Tirmidhī, Muḥammad ibn ʿĪsā al-. ‘’Al-Jāmiʿ al-ṣaḥīḥ’’. cairo: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 1419 AH.
{{end}}
{{end}}

Latest revision as of 16:51, 14 January 2025

The shrine of Ismail ibn Jafar (a) is the burial place of Ismāʿīl, the eldest son of Imam Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq (a.s.), who passed away before his father. His body was buried in Medina, in the Baqiʿ Cemetery. For centuries, this shrine had a structure and a dome and was a place of visitation for pilgrims. It is said that the shrine was built on land that was previously the house of Imam al-Sajjād (a.s.), and in its courtyard, there was a well from which people would drink for the healing of the sick.

This shrine was destroyed in the year 1344 AH when the Wahhabis took control of Mecca and Medina. After this event, a simple wall was built around the grave until it was completely demolished during the construction of a road next to the cemetery. According to some reports, the body of Ismāʿīl was moved to another part of Baqīʿ, near the grave of Umm al-Banīn or near the graves of the Martyrs of Ḥarra, or about 10 meters away from the grave of Ḥalīma al-Saʿdiyya.

Ismaill ibn Jafar

Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar was the eldest son of Imam Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad al-Ṣādiq (a.s.), the sixth Imam of the Shia, who passed away during his father’s lifetime. His death is estimated to have occurred around the year 138 AH.[1] Some Shia during the lifetime of Imam al-Ṣādiq (a.s.) believed that Ismāʿīl would be his successor. Some denied his death, while others believed in the Imamate of his son, Muḥammad. Both groups came to be known as the Ismāʿīlīs.[2]

Burial Place

According to historical sources, Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar passed away in ʿUrayḍ (a village near Medina), but his body was brought to Medina and buried in the Baqīʿ Cemetery.[3] His grave was located in an area that became separated from the rest of Baqīʿ when the city walls were extended, placing his shrine inside the walls of Medina (adjacent to the city wall) while the rest of the cemetery remained outside.[4]

History of the Dome

The grave of Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar had a dome during certain periods of history. It is said that the dome and shrine were built during the rule of the Fatimids in Egypt (302–564 AH). A description from the 8th century AH indicates that at that time, the grave of Ismāʿīl was a shrine with a large white dome located west of the dome of ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib and adjacent to the wall of Medina. According to the same report, the shrine was built on land that was previously the house of Imam Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn (a.s.), and at that time, there was an abandoned mosque and a well next to the shrine.[5]

Samhūdī, a historian of Medina in the second half of the 9th century, mentions two inscriptions at the shrine of Ismāʿīl. These inscriptions indicated that the structure was built by Ḥusayn ibn Abī al-Hayjāʾ (an envoy of the Fatimid government) in the year 546 AH, and the same individual had also endowed a garden located to the west of the shrine to Ismāʿīl’s mausoleum.[6]

Later travelogues also mention the shrine of Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar.[7] For example, ʿAyyāshī, a travel writer from the Levant in the 11th century, reports that Shia pilgrims, many of whom were part of the Iraqi caravan, made a point to visit the grave of Ismāʿīl.[8] A report from the early 13th century AH also mentions a well in the courtyard of the shrine attributed to Imam Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn (a.s.), from which water was taken for the healing of the sick.[9]

Destruction of the Dome

With the rise of the Wahhabis in the Arabian Peninsula and Medina, the shrine of Ismāʿīl, like other tombs and shrines, was destroyed in the year 1344 AH. According to some later reports, a simple wall was built around the grave.[10] It is said that his shrine was surrounded by walls without doors or windows, measuring three by three meters and two and a half meters in height, located outside the Baqīʿ Cemetery, about 15 meters from its wall, to the west and facing the graves of the Imams (a.s.).[11]

==Current Location of the Grave In the year 1394 AH (1975 CE), during the construction of the western road of Baqīʿ, the area around the grave of Ismāʿīl was demolished, and rumors spread that his body was found intact.[12] Some reports indicate that the body of Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar (a.s.) was moved inside the Baqīʿ Cemetery with the coordination of some Ismāʿīlī leaders[13] and marked.[14] The exact location of his burial is unclear due to differing descriptions and the loss of markers, but it is believed to be near the grave of Umm al-Banīn, near the graves of the Martyrs of Ḥarra, or about 10 meters from the grave of Ḥalīma al-Saʿdiyya at the end of Baqīʿ.[15]

Notes

  1. ↑ “The Shrine of Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar in Baqīʿ and Its Historical Context up to the Present Century,” p. 52.
  2. ↑ Al-Irshād, vol. 2, pp. 209–210.
  3. ↑ Al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 209; Sirr al-Silsila al-ʿAlawiyya, p. 34; al-Majdī, p. 100.
  4. ↑ Wafāʾ al-Wafā, vol. 5, p. 117.
  5. ↑ Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra, p. 121.
  6. ↑ Wafāʾ al-Wafā, vol. 3, p. 306.
  7. ↑ See: “The Shrine of Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar in Baqīʿ and Its Historical Context up to the Present Century,” pp. 56–59.
  8. ↑ Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya, vol. 1, p. 381.
  9. ↑ Ḥālāt al-Ḥaramayn, in Fifty Hajj Travelogues from the Qajar Era, p. 256.
  10. ↑ Travelogue of Ḥājj Sayyid Muḥammad Fāṭimī, in Fourteen Other Hajj Travelogues from the Qajar Era, p. 996.
  11. ↑ Tārīkh Ḥaram Aʾimmat al-Baqīʿ, pp. 289–290.
  12. ↑ Tārīkh Ḥaram Aʾimmat al-Baqīʿ, p. 290.
  13. ↑ Āthār Islāmī Makka wa Madīna, p. 348.
  14. ↑ Tārīkh Ḥaram Aʾimmat al-Baqīʿ, p. 290; Āthār Islāmī Makka wa Madīna, p. 348.
  15. ↑ Tārīkh Ḥaram Aʾimmat al-Baqīʿ, p. 291.

References

  • ʿAyyāshī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-.Al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya. Edited by Saʿīd al-Fāḍilī and Sulaymān al-Qarshī. Abu Dhabi: Dār al-Suwaydī lil-Nashr wa al-Tawzīʿ, 2006.
  • Bukhārī, Muḥammad b. Ismāʿīl al-. Al-Adab al-mufrad. 3rd edition. Edited by Muḥammad Fuʾād ʿAbd al-Bāqī. Beirut: Dār al-Bashāʾir al-Islāmiya, 1409 AH.
  • Jaʿfarīyān, Rasūl. Āthār Islāmī Makka wa Madīna. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1382 AH.
  • Khamihyār, Aḥmad.** *Bahsht al-Baqīʿ*. Tehran: Andīsha-yi Mīrāth, 1401 AH.
  • Mufīd, Shaykh al-.Al-Irshād fī maʿrifat ḥujaj Allāh ʿalā al-ʿibād. Edited by Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt. Qom: Kongreh Shaykh Mufīd, 1413 AH.
  • Muṭrī, Jamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-.Al-Taʿrīf bimā ansat al-hijra. Edited by Salmān al-Raḥīlī. Riyadh: Dār al-Malik ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, 1426 AH.
  • Najafī, Ḥāfiẓ.Buqʿat Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar fī al-Baqīʿ wa basīṭuhā al-tārīkhī ilā al-qarn al-ḥāḍir.Mīqāt al-Ḥajj, no. 124, pp. 49–74.
  • Najmī, Muḥammad Ṣādiq.Tārīkh ḥaram aʾimmat al-Baqīʿ wa āthār ukhrā fī Madīnat al-Munawwara. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1386 AH.
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