Mount Abu Qubays: Difference between revisions
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'''Mount Abu Qubays''' is a sacred mountain for Muslims located in the northeast of the [[al-Masjid al-Haram|Masjid al-Haram]] in the city of [[Mecca]]. Today, it has been carved, and its original dome-shaped form has been altered. It is said that when the Black Stone descended from paradise, it was placed in this mountain for a period of time as a trust. Additionally, [[Prophet Ibrahim(s)]] used to call people to perform the rituals of Hajj from atop this mountain. The [[Mosque of Ibrahim]], the [[Mosque of Shaqq al-Qamar]], and the caravansary of Mulla Muhammad Yazidi are among the structures built on the slopes of this mountain. | '''Mount Abu Qubays''' is a sacred mountain for Muslims located in the northeast of the [[al-Masjid al-Haram|Masjid al-Haram]] in the city of [[Mecca]]. Today, it has been carved, and its original dome-shaped form has been altered. It is said that when the [[Black Stone]] descended from paradise, it was placed in this mountain for a period of time as a trust. Additionally, [[Prophet Ibrahim(s)]] used to call people to perform the rituals of Hajj from atop this mountain. The [[Mosque of Ibrahim]], the [[Mosque of Shaqq al-Qamar]], and the caravansary of Mulla Muhammad Yazidi are among the structures built on the slopes of this mountain. | ||
==Location== | ==Location== | ||
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The name of this mountain is derived from the name of a person from the [[Mazhij tribe]].<ref> Zamakhsharī, '' Al-jibāl wa al-amkana wa al-mīyāh'', p. 27.</ref> | The name of this mountain is derived from the name of a person from the [[Mazhij tribe]].<ref> Zamakhsharī, '' Al-jibāl wa al-amkana wa al-mīyāh'', p. 27.</ref> | ||
Or Ayad.<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 267.</ref> It is said that for the first time, a house was built on its slopes.<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 265-267; Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī. ''Muʿjam al-buldān'', Vol. 1, p. 80; Zamakhsharī, '' Al-jibāl wa al-amkana wa al-mīyāh'', p. 27.</ref> | Or Ayad.<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 267.</ref> It is said that for the first time, a house was built on its slopes.<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 265-267; Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī. ''Muʿjam al-buldān'', Vol. 1, p. 80; Zamakhsharī, '' Al-jibāl wa al-amkana wa al-mīyāh'', p. 27.</ref> | ||
According to some accounts, such as Abu Qubays ibn Shalih from the Jurhum tribe sought refuge on this mountain due to disagreements with his relatives, and he never returned. The mountain became famous by this name thereafter.<ref>Suhaylī, ''Al-Rawḍ al-anf fī tafsīr al-sīra al-nabawīyya li ibn Hushām'', vol. 3, p. 90.</ref> | According to some accounts, such as Abu Qubays ibn Shalih from the [[Jurhum tribe]] sought refuge on this mountain due to disagreements with his relatives, and he never returned. The mountain became famous by this name thereafter.<ref>Suhaylī, ''Al-Rawḍ al-anf fī tafsīr al-sīra al-nabawīyya li ibn Hushām'', vol. 3, p. 90.</ref> | ||
Some also, considering the semantic significance, have said that [[Abu Qubays]] relates to "qabas" (a piece of firewood), suggesting that Prophet Adam (peace be upon him) took fire from this mountain<ref> Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 50.</ref> | Some also, considering the semantic significance, have said that [[Abu Qubays]] relates to "qabas" (a piece of firewood), suggesting that Prophet Adam (peace be upon him) took fire from this mountain<ref> Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 50.</ref> | ||
The names Abu Qabus and Sheikh al-Jabal have also been attributed to Abu Qubays.<ref> Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 50.</ref> | The names Abu Qabus and Sheikh al-Jabal have also been attributed to Abu Qubays.<ref> Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 50.</ref> | ||
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Some of the narrations of Abu Qubays first<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 1, p. 32.</ref>And the best<ref>Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 525.</ref> They have called it the mountain of the earth. | Some of the narrations of Abu Qubays first<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 1, p. 32.</ref>And the best<ref>Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 525.</ref> They have called it the mountain of the earth. | ||
===The ancient prophets=== | ===The ancient prophets=== | ||
They have said that the graves of [[Adam]], Sheeth son of Adam, and Hawa, the wife of Adam, are located in the cave of this mountain called [[Kenz Cave]].<ref>Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 519-520.</ref> They have mentioned that when the Black Stone descended from Paradise, it was placed as a trust in this mountain. Then Prophet Abraham | They have said that the graves of [[Adam]], Sheeth son of Adam, and Hawa, the wife of Adam, are located in the cave of this mountain called [[Kenz Cave]].<ref>Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 519-520.</ref> They have mentioned that when the Black Stone descended from Paradise, it was placed as a trust in this mountain. Then [[Prophet Abraham]] used it in the construction of the [[Ka'ba]].<ref>Yaʿqūbī, ''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'', vol. 1, p. 26-27.</ref> | ||
During the flood of Noah, the [[Black Stone]] was also entrusted in this mountain. Because of this, during the pre-Islamic era, people used to call this mountain "Al-Amin" (the trustworthy).<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 266; Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī. ''Muʿjam al-buldān'', vol. 1, p. 80.</ref> | During the flood of Noah, the [[Black Stone]] was also entrusted in this mountain. Because of this, during the pre-Islamic era, people used to call this mountain "Al-Amin" (the trustworthy).<ref>Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 266; Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī. ''Muʿjam al-buldān'', vol. 1, p. 80.</ref> | ||
They say that Abu Qubays is one of the six mountains from which the stones of the Ka'ba have been provided.<ref>Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 179.</ref> | They say that Abu Qubays is one of the six mountains from which the stones of the Ka'ba have been provided.<ref>Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 179.</ref> | ||
[[Abraham (a)|Ibrahim(a)]] used to stand on this mountain and call people to perform the [[Rites of Hajj al-Tamattu'|rituals of Hajj]].<ref> Ibn Isḥāq, ''Al-Sīyar wa al-maghāzī'', vol. 2, p. 72; Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 203; Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 12, p. 91.</ref> | [[Abraham (a)|Ibrahim(a)]] used to stand on this mountain and call people to perform the [[Rites of Hajj al-Tamattu'|rituals of Hajj]].<ref> Ibn Isḥāq, ''Al-Sīyar wa al-maghāzī'', vol. 2, p. 72; Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka'', vol. 2, p. 203; Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 12, p. 91.</ref> | ||
===The Prophet of Islam=== | ===The Prophet of Islam=== | ||
Based on a report, in one of the years before the Hijra, the [[Prophet Muhammad (s)|Prophet(a)]] split the moon into two halves with his miracle; one half was over Mount Qaiqan and the other half was over Mount Abu Qubays.<ref>Ibn Hishām, ''Al-Sīra al-nabawīyya'', vol. 2, p. 116-117.</ref> | Based on a report, in one of the years before the Hijra, the [[Prophet Muhammad (s)|Prophet(a)]] split the moon into two halves with his miracle; one half was over Mount Qaiqan and the other half was over Mount Abu Qubays.<ref>Ibn Hishām, ''Al-Sīra al-nabawīyya'', vol. 2, p. 116-117.</ref> | ||
The nobility of this mountain made it possible for them to address the people of [[Mecca]] from its summit to inform them. One such instance was the call of a man named Zubayd who called out from the hills of the Halif al-Fudul. | The nobility of this mountain made it possible for them to address the people of [[Mecca]] from its summit to inform them. One such instance was the call of a man named Zubayd who called out from the hills of the Halif al-Fudul.<ref> Ibn Ḥabīb, ''Al-Munammaq fī akhbār Quraysh'', p. 52; Masʿūdī, ''Al-Tanbīh wa al-ishrāf'', p. 179; Ibn Kathīr, ''Al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya'', vol. 2, p. 291.</ref> | ||
It is also reported that the Prophet publicly invited the [[Quraysh]] to accept Islam from the summit of this very mountain.<ref>Maqrizī, ''Imtāʿ al-asmāʾ'', vol. 3, p. 219; Ṣāliḥī Shāmī, ''Subul al-hudā wa al-rashād fī sīrat khayr al-ʿibād'', vol. 2, p. 343.</ref> | It is also reported that the Prophet publicly invited the [[Quraysh]] to accept Islam from the summit of this very mountain.<ref>Maqrizī, ''Imtāʿ al-asmāʾ'', vol. 3, p. 219; Ṣāliḥī Shāmī, ''Subul al-hudā wa al-rashād fī sīrat khayr al-ʿibād'', vol. 2, p. 343.</ref> | ||
==The structures on the mountain== | ==The structures on the mountain== | ||
===The Mosque of Ibrahim=== | ===The Mosque of Ibrahim=== | ||