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{{Infobox natural phenomenon
 | name = Mount Uhud
 | image = قله کوه احد.jpg
 | image_size = 
 | image_link = 
 | alt = 
 | caption = 
 | type = Mountain range
 | other_names = Dhu Aynayn
 | status = 
 | website = 
 | location = [[Medina]]
 | length = 6 to 7 kilometers
 | width = 1 to 3 kilometers
 | area = 
 | elevation = 1000 meters above sea level
 | depth = 
 | volume = 
 | coastline = 
 | islands = 
 | source = 
 | mountain_range = 
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 | species = 
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 | age = 
 | revered_by = Muslims
 | mentioned_in = History of Islam
 | religious_text_features = 
 | beliefs = 
 | myths = 
 | rulings = 
 | rituals = 
 | historical_events = [[Battle of Uhud]]
 | religious_recommendations = 
 | famous_sayings = 
 | structures = [[Martyrs of Uhud Cemetery]]
 | longitude = 
 | latitude = 
}}
'''Mount Uhud''' is a mountain located north of [[Medina]], which was the site of the [[Battle of Uhud]]. Today, due to the expansion of the city of Medina, this mountain is located within the city. Its distance from [[Al-Masjid an-Nabawi]] is five and a half kilometers. Another name for Mount Uhud is Dhu Aynayn. Uhud is a mountain range and consists of numerous peaks. <br />In the third year of the Hijra, the Battle of Uhud took place on this mountain between Muslims and polytheists from [[Mecca]], and many Muslims were [[martyred]] in it. By the order of [[Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)]], some of the fallen in this battle, including [[Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib|Hamza]], the Prophet's uncle, were buried at the foot of Mount Uhud.

==Geographical Location==
Uhud is the name of a mountain range in the northeast of [[Medina]]<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 1, p. 109; Wafa al-Wafa, vol. 3, p. 108.</ref> located five and a half kilometers from [[Al-Masjid an-Nabawi]].<ref>Islamic Monuments of Mecca and Medina, p. 354.</ref> Before Islam, it was called Unqud (cluster).<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah, vol. 1, p. 85.</ref> The reason for the name Uhud (meaning "one" and "alone") has been attributed to its separation from other mountains or the support of the people of Medina for [[Tawhid]] (monotheism).<ref>Fath al-Bari, vol. 7, pp. 289-290; Wafa al-Wafa, vol. 3, p. 108; Sharh Usul al-Kafi, vol. 12, p. 447.</ref> Mount Uhud is also called Dhu Aynayn (possessor of two springs).<ref>Umdat al-Qari, vol. 17, p. 138; Al-Mawahib al-Ladunniyah, vol. 1, p. 240.</ref> At the foot of this mountain and at the entrance of the Uhud valley, there is the small mountain of [[Mount Aynayn|Aynayn]]; the same mountain on which, during the [[Battle of Uhud]], the Messenger of God positioned the archers.<ref>Al-Tabaqat, vol. 2, p. 30.</ref> 

The Uhud mountain range, with a length of six<ref>Athar al-Madinah, p. 193; Tarikh Ma'alim al-Madinah, p. 317.</ref> to seven<ref>Tarikh wa Athar Islami Makkah, p. 307.</ref> kilometers and a width of one to three kilometers, stretches from east to west and covers an area of 19 square kilometers.<ref>Tarikh wa Athar Islami Makkah, p. 307.</ref> Its elevation from the ground is 300 meters and from sea level is 1000 meters.<ref>Tarikh wa Athar Islami Makkah, p. 307.</ref> This mountain range is formed by massive rocks and various small and large peaks.<ref>Athar al-Madinah, p. 193.</ref> Its peaks are separated from each other like a cluster of grapes, appearing independent to the observer.<ref>Athar al-Madinah, p. 193.</ref> Most of the rocks of this mountain appear red.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 1, p. 109; Tarikh Ma'alim al-Madinah, p. 317.</ref> Rocks of other colors are also seen there.<ref>Athar al-Madinah, p. 193.</ref>  

Today, this mountain is located within the city. One can now reach Mount Uhud and the [[Martyrs of Uhud Cemetery|martyrs' shrine]] from the Prophet's Mosque via King Fahd bin Abdulaziz Highway. There is also a route from Sayyid al-Shuhada Street.<ref>Islamic Monuments of Mecca and Medina, p. 354.</ref> 

==Military Importance==
[[File:کوه احد. موقعیت.jpg|thumb|Geographical location of Mount Uhud in [[Medina]]]]
The city of [[Medina]] is situated amidst low, scattered hills and mountains, various farms and palm groves, and is surrounded by natural barriers on three sides. The eastern Harrah and western Harrah are to its east and west, and the palm groves are to its south.<ref>See: Tarikh Ma'alim al-Madinah, pp. 315-338; Atlas Tarikh Islam, p. 9.</ref> Thus, an invading military force can only enter the city from the north, from the northwest side of Mount Uhud, and then along its southern flank.<ref>Tarikh Ma'alim al-Madinah, pp. 315-338; Atlas Tarikh Islam, pp. 9-13.</ref> 

During the [[Battle of the Trench]], the army of [[Quraysh]], which came from [[Mecca]] in the south towards Medina, had no choice but to pass through this area to enter the city. [[Muhammad|The Prophet of Islam (PBUH)]] established his command post and forces on the southern slope of Uhud, with their backs to the mountain and facing the city, such that if the enemy advanced towards the city, the Muslims would be behind them.<ref>See: Islamic Monuments of Mecca and Medina, pp. 361-362.</ref> 

==Virtue==
Many reports regarding the virtues and importance of Mount Uhud are found in Islamic sources. According to [[Ibn Shabba]] (died 262 AH) in [[Tarikh al-Madinah (Ibn Shabba)|Tarikh al-Madinah]], when [[Prophet (PBUH)]] was returning to [[Medina]] from the [[Battle of Khaybar]], upon seeing Mount Uhud, he said: Uhud loves us, and we love it.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah, vol. 1, p. 81.</ref> In another narration from him, it is stated: Uhud is at one of the gates of Paradise.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah, vol. 1, pp. 82-84.</ref> Whenever you pass by it, eat from its plants and trees.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah, vol. 1, p. 83.</ref> 

==Literary Usage==
The Prophet (PBUH) designated Medina as a [[Haram (sacred precinct)|Haram]].<ref>Sahih al-Bukhari, vol. 2, p. 221; vol. 8, p. 10; Sahih Muslim, vol. 4, pp. 115-116, 217.</ref> The word Haram extends 12 miles, equivalent to four farsakhs, in every direction, and Mount Uhud is located within this boundary.<ref>Al-Musannaf, vol. 9, pp. 260-261; Fath al-Bari, vol. 4, pp. 72-73; Awn al-Ma'bud, vol. 6, p. 16.</ref> In Persian literature, the proverb "His back is to Mount Uhud" is an idiom for "having strong support."{{Citation needed|date=December 2025}} In narrations, Mount Uhud is used as a symbol for greatness and abundance; for example, "Whoever worships for two-thirds of the night will have a reward equivalent to the grains of sand in the desert, the least of which is a good deed ten times heavier than Mount Uhud."<ref>Amali, p. 368.</ref>

==Martyrs of Uhud Cemetery==
[[File:مقبره شهدای غزوه احد.jpg|thumb|Martyrs of the [[Battle of Uhud]] cemetery at the foot of Mount Uhud]]
{{Main|Martyrs of Uhud Cemetery}}
In the third year of Hijra, a fierce battle took place on the southern slope of this mountain between Muslims and the polytheists of [[Quraysh]], which was named the [[Battle of Uhud]]. In this battle, a number of Muslims were killed, and by the command of [[Prophet (PBUH)]], they were buried at the site of their martyrdom on the slopes of this very mountain,<ref>Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah, vol. 2, pp. 60, 98; Tarikh al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 499.</ref> and their shrine is still a place of pilgrimage for Muslims. According to some reports, before the Prophet's command, the bodies of some martyrs were buried in other locations, and it was not possible to return them to Uhud.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 1, p. 312.</ref> The body of [[Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib|Hamza]], the Prophet's uncle, was buried on the slope of this mountain, in the place where his shrine is now located.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah, vol. 1, p. 125.</ref>
[[File:مهراس - احد.png|thumb|Mihras basin in Mount Uhud]]

==Mihras==
Mihras is a stone basin on the ridge of Mount Uhud, from which, after the Battle of Uhud, [[Ali ibn Abi Talib|Imam Ali (AS)]] filled his shield with water and brought it to [[Prophet (PBUH)]] so that he could wash his bloodied face with it.<ref>Tarikh al-Tabari, vol. 2, p. 519; Wafa al-Wafa, vol. 4, p. 152.</ref>

== See also ==

* [[Battle of Uhud]]
* [[Martyrs of Uhud Cemetery]]

==Footnotes==
{{Footnotes}}
==References==
{{References}}{{Encyclopedia
 | url = http://hzrc.ac.ir/post/9290
 | title = Mount Uhud
 | author = Hassan Ghazikhani, Mohammad Allahakbari
}}

*'''Islamic Monuments of Mecca and Medina''': Rasoul Ja'farian, Qom, Mash'ar, 1386 SH.
*'''Athar al-Madinah al-Munawwarah''': Abdul Quddus al-Ansari, Jeddah, Kitab al-Manhal, 1420 AH.
*'''Al-Amali''': Al-Saduq (d. 381 AH), Qom, Al-Ba'thah, 1417 AH.
*'''Atlas of Islamic History''': Sadegh Ayyinehvand, Madrasah, 1382 SH.
*'''Imta' al-Asma''': Al-Maqrizi (d. 845 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Hamid, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1420 AH.
*'''Ansab al-Ashraf''': Al-Baladhuri (d. 279 AH), edited by Zakkar, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1417 AH.
*'''Al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya''': Ibn Kathir (d. 774 AH), edited by Ali Shiri, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, 1408 AH.
*'''Tarikh al-Islam wa Wafayat al-Mashahir''': Al-Dhahabi (d. 748 AH), edited by Omar Abd al-Salam, Beirut, Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, 1410 AH.
*'''Tarikh al-Tabari (Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk)''': Al-Tabari (d. 310 AH), edited by Muhammad Abu al-Fadl, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi.
*'''Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah''': Ibn Shabbah al-Numayri (d. 262 AH), edited by Shaltut, Qom, Dar al-Fikr, 1410 AH.
*'''Tarikh Ma'alim al-Madinah al-Munawwarah''': Ahmad Yasin al-Khiyari, Riyadh, Maktabat al-Malik Fahd, 1419 AH.
*'''Tarikh wa Athar Islami Makkah al-Mukarramah wa Madinah al-Munawwarah''': Asghar Qa'idan, Tehran, Mash'ar, 1386 SH.
*'''Tafsir al-Tha'labi (Al-Kashf wa al-Bayan)''': Al-Tha'labi (d. 427 AH), edited by Ibn Ashur, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, 1422 AH.
*'''Al-Tafsir al-Kabir''': Al-Fakhr al-Razi (d. 606 AH), Qom, Daftar Tablighat, 1413 AH.
*'''Al-Tamhid''': Ibn Abd al-Barr (d. 463 AH), edited by Mustafa and Muhammad Abd al-Kabir, Ministry of Endowments and Islamic Affairs, 1387 AH.
*'''Tahdhib al-Ahkam''': Al-Tusi (d. 460 AH), edited by Musawi and Akhundi, Tehran, Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, 1365 SH.
*'''Thawab al-A'mal''': Al-Saduq (d. 381 AH), Qom, Al-Radhi, 1368 SH.
*'''Al-Rawd al-Unuf''': Al-Suhayli (d. 581 AH), edited by Abd al-Rahman, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, 1412 AH.
*'''Al-Sirah al-Halabiyyah''': Al-Halabi (d. 1044 AH), Beirut, Dar al-Ma'rifah, 1400 AH.
*'''Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah''': Ibn Hisham (d. 213-8 AH), edited by Al-Saqqa and others, Beirut, Al-Maktabah al-Ilmiyyah.
*'''Sharh Usul al-Kafi''': Muhammad Salih Mazandarani (d. 1081 AH), edited by Sayyid Ali Ashour, Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, 1421 AH.
*'''Sahih al-Bukhari''': Al-Bukhari (d. 256 AH), Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1401 AH.
*'''Sahih Muslim''': Muslim (d. 261 AH), Beirut, Dar al-Fikr.
*'''Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra''': Ibn Sa'd (d. 230 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Qadir, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1418 AH.
*'''Umdat al-Qari''': Al-Ayni (d. 855 AH), Beirut, Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi.
*'''Awn al-Ma'bud''': Al-Azim Abadi (d. 1329 AH), Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1415 AH.
*'''Fath al-Bari''': Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (d. 852 AH), Beirut, Dar al-Ma'rifah.
*'''Al-Kafi''': Al-Kulayni (d. 329 AH), edited by Ghaffari, Tehran, Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, 1375 SH.
*'''Kamil al-Ziyarat''': Ibn Qulawayh al-Qummi (d. 368 AH), edited by Al-Qayyumi, Qom, Nashr al-Fiqahah, 1417 AH.
*'''Al-Kashshaf''': Al-Zamakhshari (d. 538 AH), Mustafa al-Babi, 1385 AH.
*'''Al-Musannaf''': Abd al-Razzaq al-San'ani (d. 211 AH), edited by Habib al-Rahman, Al-Majlis al-Ilmi.
*'''Al-Mu'tabar''': Al-Muhaqqiq al-Hilli (d. 676 AH), Mu'assasat Sayyid al-Shuhada, 1363 SH.
*'''Mu'jam al-Buldan''': Yaqut al-Hamawi (d. 626 AH), Beirut, Dar Sadir, 1995 CE.
*'''Al-Maghazi''': Al-Waqidi (d. 207 AH), edited by Marsden Jones, Beirut, A'lami, 1409 AH.
*'''Al-Muqni''': Al-Saduq (d. 381 AH), Qom, Mu'assasat al-Imam al-Hadi (AS), 1415 AH.
*'''Al-Muqni'ah''': Al-Mufid (d. 413 AH), Qom, Nashr Islami, 1410 AH.
*'''Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih''': Al-Saduq (d. 381 AH), edited by Ghaffari, Qom, Nashr Islami, 1404 AH.
*'''Al-Mawahib al-Ladunniyyah''': Al-Qastallani (d. 923 AH), Cairo, Al-Maktabah al-Tawfiqiyyah.
*'''Wafa al-Wafa''': Al-Samhudi (d. 911 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Hamid, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 2006 CE.
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{{Medina locations}}
[[Category:Battle of Uhud]]
[[Category:Historical places in Medina]]
[[Category:Pilgrimage sites in Medina]]
[[Category:Mountains of Medina]]
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]
[[Category:Completed articles]]
[[ar:جبل أحد]]

[[fa:کوه احد]]