Rites of Hajj al-Tamattu' - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 16:11, 14 November 2023
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	===Staying at 'Arafat===		===Staying at 'Arafat===
	{{main\|Wuquf at 'Arafat}}		{{main\|Wuquf at 'Arafat}}
	Staying at Arafat is the second obligatory ritesof [[hajj]].<ref>Fikrī, ''Farhang-i iṣṭilāḥāt-i ḥajj wa ʿumra'', P. 275.</ref> According to Shia jurists, the time of staying at [[Arafat\|'Arafat]] is from noon on the ninth day of Dhu l-Hijja ([[day of Arafa]]) until sunset, which is the time of maghrib prayer.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 58.</ref> In the four Sunni denominations, the time of this rite is considered to be the day of 'Arafa. Of course, there is a difference between these denominations in the exact time.<ref>Murwarid, ''Al-Masadir al-fiqhiyya'', vol. 10, p.33; Tusi, ''Al-Khilaf'', vol. 1, p. 453; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 1, p. 522; ~~Hilli~~, ''Tadhkirat al-~~fuqaha'~~'', vol. 8, p. 177; Pishih fard, ''Daramadi bar fiqh-i Muqarin'', p. 387; Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', Vol. 1, p. 597,599; Mughniya, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-khamsa'', vol. 1, p. 378.</ref>		Staying at Arafat is the second obligatory ritesof [[hajj]].<ref>Fikrī, ''Farhang-i iṣṭilāḥāt-i ḥajj wa ʿumra'', P. 275.</ref> According to Shia jurists, the time of staying at [[Arafat\|'Arafat]] is from noon on the ninth day of Dhu l-Hijja ([[day of Arafa]]) until sunset, which is the time of maghrib prayer.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 58.</ref> In the four Sunni denominations, the time of this rite is considered to be the day of 'Arafa. Of course, there is a difference between these denominations in the exact time.<ref>Murwarid, ''Al-Masadir al-fiqhiyya'', vol. 10, p.33; Tusi, ''Al-Khilaf'', vol. 1, p. 453; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 1, p. 522; Ḥillī, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ'', vol. 8, p. 177; Pishih fard, ''Daramadi bar fiqh-i Muqarin'', p. 387; Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', Vol. 1, p. 597,599; Mughniya, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-khamsa'', vol. 1, p. 378.</ref>

	For a hajj pilgrim who does not get weak in praying, it is recommended to [[fast]] on this day. Being tahir, doing ghusl and staying at the bottom of the mountain and on flat ground, are other [[Recommendation\|recommendations]] of staying at 'Arafat.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 59.</ref>		For a hajj pilgrim who does not get weak in praying, it is recommended to [[fast]] on this day. Being tahir, doing ghusl and staying at the bottom of the mountain and on flat ground, are other [[Recommendation\|recommendations]] of staying at 'Arafat.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 59.</ref>
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	On the day of Eid al-Adha, after sunrise, it is obligatory for a pilgrim to throw seven stones at [[Jamra al-'Aqaba]] (the last jamara in Mina).<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 26.</ref> Throwing stones should be with the [[intention of Qurba]] and must be thrown one ofter another; So, if he throws several pebbles together, it is not enough, but it is counted as one.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 66-67.</ref>		On the day of Eid al-Adha, after sunrise, it is obligatory for a pilgrim to throw seven stones at [[Jamra al-'Aqaba]] (the last jamara in Mina).<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 26.</ref> Throwing stones should be with the [[intention of Qurba]] and must be thrown one ofter another; So, if he throws several pebbles together, it is not enough, but it is counted as one.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 66-67.</ref>

	According to Shia jurisprudence, when a pilgrim is performing ramy al-Jamar it is [[mustahabb]] to turn his back to the [[Qibla]].<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 67.</ref> Of course, Hanbali and Malikis denominatons have considered it mustahabb to face the Qibla when doing ramy of Jamra al-'Aqaba.<ref>Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', vol. 1, p. 599-605; Tusi, ''Al-Khilaf'', vol. 1, p. 456; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 1, p. 533; Ibn ~~Quddama~~, ''Al-~~Kafi fi~~ fiqh ~~ibn Hanbal~~'', P. 1045-1046; Namiri al-qurṭubi, ''Al-Kafi fi fiqh ahl al-madina'', p. 502.</ref>		According to Shia jurisprudence, when a pilgrim is performing ramy al-Jamar it is [[mustahabb]] to turn his back to the [[Qibla]].<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 67.</ref> Of course, Hanbali and Malikis denominatons have considered it mustahabb to face the Qibla when doing ramy of Jamra al-'Aqaba.<ref>Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', vol. 1, p. 599-605; Tusi, ''Al-Khilaf'', vol. 1, p. 456; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 1, p. 533; Ibn Qudāma, ''al-Kāfī fī fiqh Ibn Ḥanbal'', P. 1045-1046; Namiri al-qurṭubi, ''Al-Kafi fi fiqh ahl al-madina'', p. 502.</ref>

	====Sacrifice====		====Sacrifice====
	{{main\|Sacrifice in hajj}}		{{main\|Sacrifice in hajj}}
	It is obligatory for pilgrims to slaughter an animal in the way of God, as one of the rites of [[hajj]]. Sheep, cows, and camels are animals that can be sacrificed.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 67.</ref> The time of sacrifice is after [[Ramy al-Jamarat\|ramy al-Jamrah al-'Aqaba]] and before [[Taqsir or Halq\|halq or taqsir]].<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 68.</ref> But based on Hanbali, Hanafi and Maliki jurisprudence, the time of sacrifice is the day of [[Eid al-Adha\|Eid al-Adha]] and two days after it.<ref>Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', vol. 1, p. 587-588; ~~Hilli~~, ''Tadhkirat al-~~fuqaha'~~'', vol. 8, p. 252-258.</ref>		It is obligatory for pilgrims to slaughter an animal in the way of God, as one of the rites of [[hajj]]. Sheep, cows, and camels are animals that can be sacrificed.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 67.</ref> The time of sacrifice is after [[Ramy al-Jamarat\|ramy al-Jamrah al-'Aqaba]] and before [[Taqsir or Halq\|halq or taqsir]].<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 68.</ref> But based on Hanbali, Hanafi and Maliki jurisprudence, the time of sacrifice is the day of [[Eid al-Adha\|Eid al-Adha]] and two days after it.<ref>Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', vol. 1, p. 587-588; Ḥillī, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ'', vol. 8, p. 252-258.</ref>
	The pilgrim can sacrifice the animal hisself, and he can delegate another person to sacrifice the animal on his behalf.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 69.</ref>		The pilgrim can sacrifice the animal hisself, and he can delegate another person to sacrifice the animal on his behalf.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 69.</ref>

	According to the majority of Shia jurists, in [[hajj al-tamattu']] it is obligatory for a pilgrim to make a sacrifice, regardless of whether he is [[Afaqi\|afaqi]] or not;<ref>~~Hilli~~, ''~~TaHrir~~ al-~~aHkam~~'', vol. 1, p. 619-620; ~~Hilli~~, ''~~Shara'i'~~ al-~~Islam~~'', Vol. 1, p. 234.</ref> but a small number of Shia jurists<ref>Sarakhsi, ''Al-Mabsuṭ'', Vol. 1, p. 308.</ref> and Sunni jurists<ref>Mawurdi, ''Al-Hawi al-kabir'', vol. 4, p. 50, Ibn ~~Qudama~~, ''Al-~~Mughni~~'', vol. 3, p. 501-502; Baghdādī, ''Irshād al-sālik'', vol. 1, p. 43.</ref> do not consider it obligatory for a pilgrim who is a Meccan to make a sacrifice.		According to the majority of Shia jurists, in [[hajj al-tamattu']] it is obligatory for a pilgrim to make a sacrifice, regardless of whether he is [[Afaqi\|afaqi]] or not;<ref>Ḥillī, ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām'', vol. 1, p. 619-620; Ḥillī, ''Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām'', Vol. 1, p. 234.</ref> but a small number of Shia jurists<ref>Sarakhsi, ''Al-Mabsuṭ'', Vol. 1, p. 308.</ref> and Sunni jurists<ref>Mawurdi, ''Al-Hawi al-kabir'', vol. 4, p. 50, Ibn Qudāma, ''al-Mughnī'', vol. 3, p. 501-502; Baghdādī, ''Irshād al-sālik'', vol. 1, p. 43.</ref> do not consider it obligatory for a pilgrim who is a Meccan to make a sacrifice.

	====Halq and Taqsir====		====Halq and Taqsir====
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	The boundaries of Mina are marked with blue signs, on the outer part of which is written "bidayat Mina" (the beginning of Mina) and on the inner part it is written "nihayat Mina" (the end of Mina).<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 75.</ref>		The boundaries of Mina are marked with blue signs, on the outer part of which is written "bidayat Mina" (the beginning of Mina) and on the inner part it is written "nihayat Mina" (the end of Mina).<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 75.</ref>

	According to Shia jurisprudence,<ref>Mughniya, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-khamsa'', vol. 1, p. 406; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 10, p. 534-535; Tusi, ''Al-Khilaf'', vol. 1, p. 461-462; ~~Hilli~~, ''Tadhkirat al-~~fuqaha'~~'', vol. 8, p. 358-359.</ref> those who stay the whole night in [[Mecca]] worshiping God until morning and do nothing except the necessary, it is not obligatory for them to go to Mina.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 75.</ref>		According to Shia jurisprudence,<ref>Mughniya, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-khamsa'', vol. 1, p. 406; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 10, p. 534-535; Tusi, ''Al-Khilaf'', vol. 1, p. 461-462; Ḥillī, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ'', vol. 8, p. 358-359.</ref> those who stay the whole night in [[Mecca]] worshiping God until morning and do nothing except the necessary, it is not obligatory for them to go to Mina.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 75.</ref>

	Those who have an excuse, can leave baytuta in Mina.<ref>Pishih fard, ''Daramadi bar fiqh-i Muqarin'', p. 419.</ref> For example, patients, their nurses and those who find it difficult to stay in Mina can leave baytuta.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 75.</ref>		Those who have an excuse, can leave baytuta in Mina.<ref>Pishih fard, ''Daramadi bar fiqh-i Muqarin'', p. 419.</ref> For example, patients, their nurses and those who find it difficult to stay in Mina can leave baytuta.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 75.</ref>
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	* Hajj pilgrim should hit the jamara gradually, so if he/she hits several pebbles together, it is not enough, but one is counted.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 66-67.</ref>		* Hajj pilgrim should hit the jamara gradually, so if he/she hits several pebbles together, it is not enough, but one is counted.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 66-67.</ref>

	According to the Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali jurisprudence, it is obligatory to follow the order of the three Jamrat. Hanafis consider observing the order as mustahabb.<ref>~~Hilli~~, ''Tadhkirat al-~~fuqaha'~~'', vol. 8, p. 362; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 1, p. 533-534; Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', vol. 1, p. 599-603</ref>		According to the Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali jurisprudence, it is obligatory to follow the order of the three Jamrat. Hanafis consider observing the order as mustahabb.<ref>Ḥillī, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ'', vol. 8, p. 362; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 1, p. 533-534; Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', vol. 1, p. 599-603</ref>

	It is recommended to be [[tahir]] while throwing stones and say [[takbir]] with every stone has throwed. It is recommended to throw the first and the middle jamara while facing the [[qibla]] and throwing at the last jamara with one's back to the qibla.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 78.</ref>		It is recommended to be [[tahir]] while throwing stones and say [[takbir]] with every stone has throwed. It is recommended to throw the first and the middle jamara while facing the [[qibla]] and throwing at the last jamara with one's back to the qibla.<ref>Fallāḥzāda, ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj'', p. 78.</ref>
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	==References==		==References==
	{{References}}		{{References}}
	* Baghdādī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad al-. ''Irshād al-sālik ~~ʾilā ʾashraf~~ al-masālik''. Cairo: Maktaba wa Maṭbaʿa Muṣṭafā al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī wa Shurakā, [n.d].		* Baghdādī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad al-. ''Irshād al-sālik ilā ashraf al-masālik''. Cairo: Maktaba wa Maṭbaʿa Muṣṭafā al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī wa Shurakā, [n.d].
	* Fallāḥzāda, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj''. Tehran: Mash'ar, 1389 Sh.		* Fallāḥzāda, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj''. Tehran: Mash'ar, 1389 Sh.
	* Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Muḥsin al-. ''Al-Maḥajjat al-bayḍāʾ fī tahdhīb al-~~ʾaḥyāʾ~~''. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1403 AH.		* Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Muḥsin al-. ''Al-Maḥajjat al-bayḍāʾ fī tahdhīb al-aḥyāʾ''. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1403 AH.
	* Fikrī, Masʿūd; ʿAlāʾī, Aḥmad. ''Farhang-i iṣṭilāḥāt-i ḥajj wa ʿumra''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1393 Sh.		* Fikrī, Masʿūd; ʿAlāʾī, Aḥmad. ''Farhang-i iṣṭilāḥāt-i ḥajj wa ʿumra''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1393 Sh.
	* ~~Hilli~~, al-~~Hasan~~ b. ~~Yusuf~~ al-. ''~~TaHrir~~ al-~~aHkam~~ al-~~shar'iyya 'ala~~ madhhab al-~~imamiyya~~''. Edited by ~~Ibrahim Bahaduri~~. Qom: ~~Mu'assisat Imam~~ al-~~sadiq~~, 1420 AH.		* Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām al-sharʿīyya ʿalā madhhab al-Imāmīyya''. Edited by Ibrāhīm Bahādurī. Qom: Muʾassisat Imām al-Ṣādiq, 1420 AH.
	* ~~Hilli~~, al-~~Hasan~~ b. ~~Yusuf~~ al-. ''Tadhkirat al-~~fuqaha'~~''. Qom: ~~Mu'assisat al~~ al-Bayt, 1414 AH.		* Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ''. Qom: Muʾassisat Āl al-Bayt, 1414 AH.
	* ~~Hilli~~, ~~Ja'far~~ b. al-~~Hasan~~ al-. ''~~Shara'i'~~ al-~~Islam fi masa'il~~ al-~~Halal~~ wa l-~~Haram~~''. Edited by ~~MuHammad 'Ali Baqqal~~. Second edition. Qom: ~~Mu'assisa~~-yi ~~Isma'iliyan~~, 1408 AH.		* Ḥillī, Jaʿfar b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām fī masāʾil al-ḥalāl wa l-ḥarām''. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAlī Baqqāl. Second edition. Qom: Muʾassisa-yi Ismāʿīlīyān, 1408 AH.
	* Ibn ~~Qudama~~, ~~'Abd Allah~~. ''Al-~~Mughni~~''. Beirut: ~~Dar~~ al-~~Kitab~~ al-~~'Arabi~~, [n.d].		*Ibn Qudāma, ʿAbd Allāh. ''Al-Mughnī''. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, [n.d].
	* Ibn ~~Qudama~~, ~~'Abd Allah b. AHmad~~. ''Al-~~Kafi fi~~ fiqh ~~ibn Hanbal~~ (al-fiqh al- ~~Hanbali~~), al-~~Masadir~~ al-~~fiqhiyya~~''. Beirut: [n.p], first edition, 1422 AH.		*Ibn Qudāma, ʿAbd Allāh. ''Al-Kāfī fī fiqh Ibn Ḥanbal (al-fiqh al- Ḥanbalī), al-maṣādir al-fiqhīyya''. Beirut: [n.p], first edition, 1422 AH.
	* Jaziri, 'Abd al-RaHman. ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a''. Istanbul: 1404 AH-1984.		* Jaziri, 'Abd al-RaHman. ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a''. Istanbul: 1404 AH-1984.
	* Kashani, 'Ala al-Din b. Mas'ud al-. ''Bada'i' al-sana'i' (Al-Fiqh al-Hanbali)''. Beirut: al-Masadir al-fiqhiyya, 1422 AH.		* Kashani, 'Ala al-Din b. Mas'ud al-. ''Bada'i' al-sana'i' (Al-Fiqh al-Hanbali)''. Beirut: al-Masadir al-fiqhiyya, 1422 AH.

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Engineer: /* Tawaf of Hajj and Its Prayer */

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Tawaf of Hajj and Its Prayer

Engineer: /* Tawaf al-Nisa' and Its Prayer */

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Tawaf al-Nisa' and Its Prayer

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	===Tawaf al-Nisa' and Its Prayer===		===Tawaf al-Nisa' and Its Prayer===
	{{main\|Tawaf al-Nisa}}		{{main\|Tawaf al-Nisa}}
	[[Tawaf al-Nisa'\|Tawaf al-nisa']] is seven rounds around [[Ka'ba]], which is done with the intention of tawaf al-nisa'. After tawaf of al-nisa', its prayer should be recited behind [[Maqam Ibrahim]] . Tawaf al-nisa and its prayer are like tawaf and tawaf prayer (except for the intention). Therefore, it starts from [[Hajar al-'Aswad]] and ends there.<ref>Wizhianami-yi 'umra-yi mufradih: Wisal-i dust, P.74-78; Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 80.</ref>		[[Tawaf al-Nisa'\|Tawaf al-nisa']] is seven rounds around the [[Ka'ba]], which is done with the intention of tawaf al-nisa'. After tawaf of al-nisa', its prayer should be recited behind the [[Maqam Ibrahim]] . Tawaf al-nisa and its prayer are like tawaf and tawaf prayer (except for the intention). Therefore, it starts from [[Hajar al-'Aswad]] and ends there.<ref>Wizhianami-yi 'umra-yi mufradih: Wisal-i dust, P.74-78; Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 80.</ref>

	Sunni jurists do not consider the tawaf al-nisa' as obligatory and instead consider the [[tawaf al-wada']] as one of the obligatory or recommended rituals.<ref>Shirazi, ''Al-Tanbih'', Vol. l, p. 80; Nawawi, ''Al-Majmu''', vol. 8, p. 265-266.</ref>		Sunni jurists do not consider the tawaf al-nisa' as obligatory and instead consider the [[tawaf al-wada']] as one of the obligatory or recommended rituals.<ref>Shirazi, ''Al-Tanbih'', Vol. l, p. 80; Nawawi, ''Al-Majmu''', vol. 8, p. 265-266.</ref>

	===Baytuta===		===Baytuta===

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Tawaf of hajj and its prayer

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	According to Shia jurists, halq or taqsir should be done on [[Eid al-Adha]] as a obligatory caution or as a recommended caution. However, based on Hanbali, Hanafi and Maliki jurisprudence, it can be delayed from the days of nahr{{enote\|According to these three denominations, the days of nahr are Eid al-Adha and two days after that.}}<ref>Shahid al-Thani, Al-Rawda al-bahiyya fi sharH al-lum'at al-Dimashqiyya, vol. 1, p. 539-561; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', Vol. 1, p. 40.</ref>		According to Shia jurists, halq or taqsir should be done on [[Eid al-Adha]] as a obligatory caution or as a recommended caution. However, based on Hanbali, Hanafi and Maliki jurisprudence, it can be delayed from the days of nahr{{enote\|According to these three denominations, the days of nahr are Eid al-Adha and two days after that.}}<ref>Shahid al-Thani, Al-Rawda al-bahiyya fi sharH al-lum'at al-Dimashqiyya, vol. 1, p. 539-561; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', Vol. 1, p. 40.</ref>

	===Tawaf of ~~hajj~~ and ~~its prayer~~===		===Tawaf of Hajj and Its Prayer===
	{{main\|~~tawaf~~\|Prayer of ~~tawaf~~}}		{{main\|Tawaf\|Prayer of Tawaf}}
	~~tawaf~~ is circling seven times around the [[Ka'ba]] in [[Masjid al-Haram]]. It is obligatory to start these seven rounds from the ~~pillar~~ of the Ka'ba where ~~the~~ [[Hajar al-'Aswad]] is located and end there. ~~During~~ tawaf, the Ka'ba ~~should~~ be on the left side.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 33-38.</ref>		Tawaf is circling seven times around the [[Ka'ba]] in [[al-Masjid al-Haram]]. It is obligatory to start these seven rounds from the corner of the Ka'ba where [[al-Hajar al-Aswad]] is located, and end each round there. Direction of circling should be so that during tawaf, the Ka'ba be on the left side.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 33-38.</ref>
	According to ~~the~~ fatwa of most Shiite jurists, tawaf of Ka'ba ~~in Masjid al-Haram is valid as long~~ as people do tawaf and ~~say that they do tawaf Ka'ba.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 33-38.</ref>~~		According to fatwa of most Shiite jurists, tawaf should be performed as near to the Ka'ba as possible to the distance that people usually perform tawaf and their walking is considered circling the Ka'ba.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 33-38.</ref>
	~~According to some other Shiite jurists, tawaf should be within~~ the ~~distance between [[~~Ka'ba]] and [[Maqam-i Ibrahim]], which is about 13 meters. However, for the followers of these maraji', if tawaf is difficult or not possible in that area, and they cannot wait to perform tawaf in other time, there is no problem at a further distance.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 33-38.</ref>

	[[tawaf prayer]] is a obligatory prayer that has two-rak'at and should be recited after circumambulation of Ka'ba with the intention of tawaf prayer, behind the Maqam-i Ibrahim. This prayer is like morning prayer; But it does not have [[~~Adhan~~]] and [[~~Iqama~~]].<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 41-44.</ref>		According to some other Shiite jurists, tawaf should be within the distance between the [[Ka'ba]] and the [[Maqam Ibrahim]], which is about 13 meters. However, if tawaf is difficult or not possible in that area, and they cannot wait to perform tawaf in other time, there is no problem at a further distance.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 33-38.</ref>

			[[Tawaf prayer]] is a obligatory prayer that has two-rak'as and should be recited after circumambulation of the Ka'ba with the intention of tawaf prayer, behind the Maqam Ibrahim. This prayer is like morning prayer; But it does not have [[adhan]] and [[iqama]].<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 41-44.</ref>

	===Sa'y===		===Sa'y===

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	====Sacrifice====		====Sacrifice====
	{{main\|~~sacrifice~~}}		{{main\|Sacrifice in hajj}}
	It is obligatory for ~~the Hajj~~ pilgrims to slaughter an animal in the ~~way~~ of God, as one of the rituals of [[Hajj]]. Sheep, cows, and camels are animals that can be sacrificed.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 67.</ref> The time of sacrifice is after [[Ramy al-Jamarat\|Ramy al-Jamrah al-Aqaba]] and before [[Taqsir or Halq\|Halq or Taqsir]].<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 68.</ref> Of course, based on Hanbali, Hanafi and Maliki jurisprudence, the time of sacrifice is the day of [['Eid of al-Adha\|Eid of al-Adha]] and two days after it.<ref>Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', vol. 1, p. 587-588; Hilli, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''', vol. 8, p. 252-258.</ref>		It is obligatory for pilgrims to slaughter an animal in the path of God, as one of the rituals of [[Hajj]]. Sheep, cows, and camels are animals that can be sacrificed.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 67.</ref> The time of sacrifice is after [[Ramy al-Jamarat\|Ramy al-Jamrah al-Aqaba]] and before [[Taqsir or Halq\|Halq or Taqsir]].<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 68.</ref> Of course, based on Hanbali, Hanafi and Maliki jurisprudence, the time of sacrifice is the day of [['Eid of al-Adha\|Eid of al-Adha]] and two days after it.<ref>Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', vol. 1, p. 587-588; Hilli, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''', vol. 8, p. 252-258.</ref>
	The pilgrim can sacrifice the animal by hisself, and he can delegate another person to sacrifice the animal on his behalf.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 69.</ref>		The pilgrim can sacrifice the animal by hisself, and he can delegate another person to sacrifice the animal on his behalf.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 69.</ref>

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	====Ramy al-Jamra al-'Aqaba====		====Ramy al-Jamra al-'Aqaba====
	{{main\|Ramy}}		{{main\|Ramy}}
	On the day of Eid of al-Adha, after sunrise, it is obligatory for a ~~Hajj pilgrims~~ to throw seven stones at ~~the~~ [[~~Jamrah~~ al-Aqaba]] (the last ~~Jamrah~~ in Mina).<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 26.</ref> Throwing stones should be with the [[Qurba ~~intention~~]] and ~~hit gradually~~; So, if he ~~hits~~ several pebbles together, it is not enough, but it is counted as one.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 66-67.</ref>		On the day of Eid al-Adha, after sunrise, it is obligatory for a pilgrim to throw seven stones at [[Jamra al-'Aqaba]] (the last jamara in Mina).<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 26.</ref> Throwing stones should be with the [[intention of Qurba]] and must be thrown one ofter another; So, if he throws several pebbles together, it is not enough, but it is counted as one.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 66-67.</ref>

	According to Shia jurisprudence, when ~~hadji doing~~ ramy al-~~jamarh~~ it is [[mustahabb]] to turn ~~the~~ back to the [[Qibla]].<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 67.</ref> Of course, ~~Hanbaliyya~~ and ~~Malikiya~~ denominatons have considered it mustahabb to face the Qibla when doing ramy of ~~Jamrah~~ al-Aqaba.<ref>Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', vol. 1, p. 599-605; Ṭūsi, ''Al-Khilaf'', vol. 1, p. 456; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 1, p. 533; Ibn Quddama, ''Al-Kafi fi fiqh ibn Hanbal'', P. 1045-1046; Namiri al-qurṭubi, ''Al-Kafi fi fiqh ahl al-madina'', p. 502.</ref>		According to Shia jurisprudence, when a pilgrim is performing ramy al-Jamar it is [[mustahabb]] to turn his back to the [[Qibla]].<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 67.</ref> Of course, Hanbali and Malikis denominatons have considered it mustahabb to face the Qibla when doing ramy of Jamra al-'Aqaba.<ref>Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', vol. 1, p. 599-605; Ṭūsi, ''Al-Khilaf'', vol. 1, p. 456; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 1, p. 533; Ibn Quddama, ''Al-Kafi fi fiqh ibn Hanbal'', P. 1045-1046; Namiri al-qurṭubi, ''Al-Kafi fi fiqh ahl al-madina'', p. 502.</ref>

	====Sacrifice====		====Sacrifice====

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	* Baghdādī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad al-. ''Irshād al-sālik ilā ashraf al-masālik''. Cairo: Maktaba wa Maṭbaʿa Muṣṭafā al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī wa Shurakā, [n.d].		* Baghdādī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad al-. ''Irshād al-sālik ilā ashraf al-masālik''. Cairo: Maktaba wa Maṭbaʿa Muṣṭafā al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī wa Shurakā, [n.d].
	* Fallāḥzāda, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj''. Tehran: Mash'ar, 1389Sh.		* Fallāḥzāda, Muḥammad Ḥusayn. ''Darsnāma-yi manāsik-i ḥajj''. Tehran: Mash'ar, 1389Sh.
	* Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Muḥsin al-. ''Al-Maḥajjat al-bayḍāʾ fī tahdhīb al-aḥyāʾ''. Beirut: ~~Muʾassisat~~ al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1403AH.		* Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, Muḥsin al-. ''Al-Maḥajjat al-bayḍāʾ fī tahdhīb al-aḥyāʾ''. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Aʿlamī li-l-Maṭbūʿāt, 1403AH.
	* Fikrī, Masʿūd; ʿAlāʾī, Aḥmad. ''Farhang-i iṣṭilāḥāt-i ḥajj wa ʿumra''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1393Sh.		* Fikrī, Masʿūd; ʿAlāʾī, Aḥmad. ''Farhang-i iṣṭilāḥāt-i ḥajj wa ʿumra''. Tehran: Mashʿar, 1393Sh.
	* Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām al-sharʿīyya ʿalā madhhab al-Imāmīyya''. Edited by Ibrāhīm Bahādurī. Qom: ~~Muʾassisat~~ Imām al-Ṣādiq, 1420AH.		* Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām al-sharʿīyya ʿalā madhhab al-Imāmīyya''. Edited by Ibrāhīm Bahādurī. Qom: Muʾassasat Imām al-Ṣādiq, 1420AH.
	* Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ''. Qom: ~~Muʾassisat~~ Āl al-Bayt, 1414AH.		* Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ''. Qom: Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt, 1414AH.
	* Ḥillī, Jaʿfar b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām fī masāʾil al-ḥalāl wa l-ḥarām''. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAlī Baqqāl. Second edition. Qom: ~~Muʾassisa~~-yi Ismāʿīlīyān, 1408AH.		* Ḥillī, Jaʿfar b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Sharāʾiʿ al-Islām fī masāʾil al-ḥalāl wa l-ḥarām''. Edited by Muḥammad ʿAlī Baqqāl. Second edition. Qom: Muʾassasa-yi Ismāʿīlīyān, 1408AH.
	*Ibn Qudāma, ʿAbd Allāh. ''Al-Mughnī''. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, [n.d].		*Ibn Qudāma, ʿAbd Allāh. ''Al-Mughnī''. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, [n.d].
	*Ibn Qudāma, ʿAbd Allāh. ''Al-Kāfī fī fiqh Ibn Ḥanbal (al-fiqh al- Ḥanbalī), al-maṣādir al-fiqhīyya''. Beirut: [n.p], first edition, 1422 AH.		*Ibn Qudāma, ʿAbd Allāh. ''Al-Kāfī fī fiqh Ibn Ḥanbal (al-fiqh al- Ḥanbalī), al-maṣādir al-fiqhīyya''. Beirut: [n.p], first edition, 1422 AH.
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	*''Miṣbāḥ al-sharīʿa wa miftāḥ al-ḥaqīqa''. Attributed to Imam Sadiq (a), Tehran: Anjuman-i Islāmī-yi Ḥikmat wa Falsafa-yi Iran, 1360Sh.		*''Miṣbāḥ al-sharīʿa wa miftāḥ al-ḥaqīqa''. Attributed to Imam Sadiq (a), Tehran: Anjuman-i Islāmī-yi Ḥikmat wa Falsafa-yi Iran, 1360Sh.
	*Miṣrī al-Muzanī, Ismāʿīl b. Yaḥyā al-. ''Mukhtaṣar al-Muzanī (al-fiqh al-Shāfiʿī)''. Beirut: [n.p], first edition, 1422AH.		*Miṣrī al-Muzanī, Ismāʿīl b. Yaḥyā al-. ''Mukhtaṣar al-Muzanī (al-fiqh al-Shāfiʿī)''. Beirut: [n.p], first edition, 1422AH.
	*Mughnīya, Muḥammad Jawād al-. ''Al-Fiqh ʿalā l-madhāhib al-khamsa'' (al-Jaʿfarī, al-Ḥanafī, al-Mālikī, al-Shāfiʿī, al-Ḥanbalī). Qom: ~~Muʾassisat~~ Dār al-Kitāb al-Islāmī, 1432AH.		*Mughnīya, Muḥammad Jawād al-. ''Al-Fiqh ʿalā l-madhāhib al-khamsa'' (al-Jaʿfarī, al-Ḥanafī, al-Mālikī, al-Shāfiʿī, al-Ḥanbalī). Qom: Muʾassasat Dār al-Kitāb al-Islāmī, 1432AH.
	*Muḥammadī Reyshahrī, Muḥammad. ''Ḥajj wa ʿumra dar Qurān wa ḥadīth''. Translated by Jawād Muḥaddithī, Qom: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 1386Sh.		*Muḥammadī Reyshahrī, Muḥammad. ''Ḥajj wa ʿumra dar Qurān wa ḥadīth''. Translated by Jawād Muḥaddithī, Qom: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 1386Sh.
	*Murwārīd, ʿAlī Aṣghar .''Al-Maṣādir al-fiqhīyya''. Beirut: Dār al-Turāth, 1419AH.		*Murwārīd, ʿAlī Aṣghar .''Al-Maṣādir al-fiqhīyya''. Beirut: Dār al-Turāth, 1419AH.
	*Najafī, Muḥammad Ḥasan al-. ''Jawāhir al-kalām fī sharḥ sharāʾiʿ al-Islām''. Qom: ~~Muʾassisat~~ Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif al-Fiqh al-Islāmī, 1421AH.		*Najafī, Muḥammad Ḥasan al-. ''Jawāhir al-kalām fī sharḥ sharāʾiʿ al-Islām''. Qom: Muʾassasat Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif al-Fiqh al-Islāmī, 1421AH.
	*Namirī al-Qurṭubī, Yūsuf b. ʿAbd Allāh al-.''Al-Kāfī fī fiqh Ahl al-Madīna (al-fiqh al-Mālikī)''. Beirut: [n.p], first edition, 1422AH.		*Namirī al-Qurṭubī, Yūsuf b. ʿAbd Allāh al-.''Al-Kāfī fī fiqh Ahl al-Madīna (al-fiqh al-Mālikī)''. Beirut: [n.p], first edition, 1422AH.
	*Nawawī, Yaḥya b. Sharaf. ''Al-Majmūʿ, sharḥ al-muhadhdhab''. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, [n.d].		*Nawawī, Yaḥya b. Sharaf. ''Al-Majmūʿ, sharḥ al-muhadhdhab''. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, [n.d].

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	According to some other Shiite jurists, tawaf should be within the distance between the [[Ka'ba]] and the [[Maqam Ibrahim]], which is about 13 meters. However, if tawaf is difficult or not possible in that area, and they cannot wait to perform tawaf in other time, there is no problem at a further distance.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 33-38.</ref>		According to some other Shiite jurists, tawaf should be within the distance between the [[Ka'ba]] and the [[Maqam Ibrahim]], which is about 13 meters. However, if tawaf is difficult or not possible in that area, and they cannot wait to perform tawaf in other time, there is no problem at a further distance.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 33-38.</ref>

	[[Tawaf prayer]] is a obligatory prayer that has two-rak'as and should be recited after circumambulation of the Ka'ba with the intention of tawaf prayer, behind the Maqam Ibrahim. This prayer is like morning prayer; But it does not have [[adhan]] and [[iqama]].<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 41-44.</ref>		[[Tawaf prayer]] is an obligatory prayer that has two-rak'as and should be recited after circumambulation of the Ka'ba with the intention of tawaf prayer, behind the Maqam Ibrahim. This prayer is like morning prayer; But it does not have [[adhan]] and [[iqama]].<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 41-44.</ref>

	===Sa'y===		===Sa'y===
	{{main\|Sa'y}}		{{main\|Sa'y}}
	Sa'y means walking the distance between the two mountains of [[~~safa\|safa~~]] and [[Marwa\|Marwa]] seven times. This action starts from Safa and ends at Marwa~~, that is, it is counted from Safa to Marwa the first time and from Marwa to Safa the second time~~.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 41-44.</ref>		Sa'y means walking the distance between the two mountains of [[Safa]] and [[Marwa\|Marwa]] seven times. This action starts from Safa and ends at Marwa.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 41-44.</ref>

	It is recommended for men to ~~ride~~ on a part of the path marked with a green line and light. Saying these ~~dhikr~~, ~~'Allahu '~~akbar; ~~La ilaha illa'~~llah~~; Alhamdulillah~~ and ~~Subhanallah~~ hundred times; is another mustahab of sa'y.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 41-44.</ref>		It is recommended for men to jogg on a part of the path marked with a green line and light. Saying these dhikrs, Allah-u akbar, la ilah-a illa Allah; Alhamd-u li-llah, and Subhan Allah hundred times; is another mustahab of sa'y.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 41-44.</ref>

	===Tawaf al-Nisa' and Its Prayer===		===Tawaf al-Nisa' and Its Prayer===
	{{main\|Tawaf al-Nisa}}		{{main\|Tawaf al-Nisa}}
	[[Tawaf al-Nisa'\|Tawaf al-nisa']] is seven rounds around the [[Ka'ba]], which is done with the intention of tawaf al-nisa'. After tawaf of al-nisa', its prayer should be recited behind the [[Maqam Ibrahim]] . Tawaf al-nisa and its prayer are like tawaf and tawaf prayer (except for the intention). Therefore, it starts from [[Hajar al-'Aswad]] and ends there.<ref>Wizhianami-yi 'umra-yi mufradih: Wisal-i dust, P.74-78; Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 80.</ref>		[[Tawaf al-Nisa'\|Tawaf al-nisa']] is seven rounds around the [[Ka'ba]], which is done with the intention of tawaf al-nisa'. After tawaf of al-nisa', its prayer should be recited behind the [[Maqam Ibrahim]]. Tawaf al-nisa and its prayer are like tawaf and tawaf prayer (except for the intention). Therefore, it starts from al-Hajar al-'Aswad and ends there.<ref>Wizhianami-yi 'umra-yi mufradih: Wisal-i dust, P.74-78; Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 80.</ref>

	Sunni jurists do not consider the tawaf al-nisa' as obligatory and instead consider the [[tawaf al-wada']] as one of the obligatory or recommended rituals.<ref>Shirazi, ''Al-Tanbih'', Vol. l, p. 80; Nawawi, ''Al-Majmu''', vol. 8, p. 265-266.</ref>		Sunni jurists do not consider the tawaf al-nisa' as obligatory and instead consider the [[tawaf al-wada']] as one of the obligatory or recommended rituals.<ref>Shirazi, ''Al-Tanbih'', Vol. l, p. 80; Nawawi, ''Al-Majmu''', vol. 8, p. 265-266.</ref>
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	===Baytuta===		===Baytuta===
	{{main\|Baytuta}}		{{main\|Baytuta}}
	Baytuta means "to stay the night in a place". It is obligatory for the hajj pilgrims to stay the 11th and 12th nights of Dhu l-Hijja from sunset to midnight with the [[qurba intention]] in [[Mina]]. Therefore, those who have gone to [[Mecca]] should return to Mina before sunset. According to the [[fatwa]] of some ~~Shiite~~ jurists, hajj pilgrims can spend the first or second half of the night in Mina.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 74-75.</ref> ~~Of course~~, according to Hanafi jurisprudence, it is [[~~Mustahabb~~]] and leaving it is [[~~Makruh~~]].<ref>Murwarid, ''Al-Masadir al-fiqhiyya'', vol. 10, p. 278.</ref>		Baytuta means "to stay the night in a place". It is obligatory for the hajj pilgrims to stay the 11th and 12th nights of Dhu l-Hijja from sunset to midnight with the [[qurba intention]] in [[Mina]]. Therefore, those who have gone to [[Mecca]] should return to Mina before sunset. According to the [[fatwa]] of some Shia jurists, hajj pilgrims can spend the first or second half of the night in Mina.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 74-75.</ref> However, according to Hanafi jurisprudence, it is [[mustahabb]] and leaving it is [[makruh]].<ref>Murwarid, ''Al-Masadir al-fiqhiyya'', vol. 10, p. 278.</ref>

	The boundaries of Mina are marked with blue signs, on the outer part of which is written "~~Bidaya~~ Mina" (the beginning of Mina) and on the inner part it is written "~~Nahaye~~ Mina" (the end of Mina).<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 75.</ref>		The boundaries of Mina are marked with blue signs, on the outer part of which is written "bidayat Mina" (the beginning of Mina) and on the inner part it is written "nihayat Mina" (the end of Mina).<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 75.</ref>

	According to Shia jurisprudence,<ref>Mughniya, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-khamsa'', vol. 1, p. 406; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 10, p. 534-535; Tusi, ''Al-Khilaf'', vol. 1, p. 461-462; Hilli, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''', vol. 8, p. 358-359.</ref> those who stay the whole night in [[~~mecca~~]] worshiping God until morning and do ~~no other work~~ except ~~for~~ the necessary ~~work~~, it is not obligatory for them to ~~do Baytuta~~.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 75.</ref>		According to Shia jurisprudence,<ref>Mughniya, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-khamsa'', vol. 1, p. 406; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 10, p. 534-535; Tusi, ''Al-Khilaf'', vol. 1, p. 461-462; Hilli, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''', vol. 8, p. 358-359.</ref> those who stay the whole night in [[Mecca]] worshiping God until morning and do nothing except the necessary, it is not obligatory for them to go to Mina.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 75.</ref>

	~~According to Islamic denominatons, those~~ who have an excuse, can leave ~~Baytuta~~ in Mina.<ref>Pishih fard, ''Daramadi bar fiqh-i Muqarin'', p. 419.</ref> For example, patients, their nurses and those who find it difficult to stay in Mina can leave ~~Baytuta~~.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 75.</ref>		Those who have an excuse, can leave baytuta in Mina.<ref>Pishih fard, ''Daramadi bar fiqh-i Muqarin'', p. 419.</ref> For example, patients, their nurses and those who find it difficult to stay in Mina can leave baytuta.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 75.</ref>

	===Ramy al-Jamrat===		===Ramy al-Jamrat===
	{{main\|Ramy}}		{{main\|Ramy}}
	Ramy al-Jamrat is throwing stones at the ~~jamarat~~ is another obligatory ~~rites~~ of [[Hajj]].<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 76.</ref> At the end of Mina, there are three stones, the first one is called ~~"[[~~Jamara al-~~'ula]]"~~, the second one is ~~"[[~~Jamara al-Wusṭa~~]]"~~ and the third one is ~~"[[~~Jamara al-~~Kubra]] or [[~~'Aqaba~~]]"~~.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 66-67.</ref>		Ramy al-Jamrat is throwing stones at the Jamarat is another obligatory rite of [[Hajj]].<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 76.</ref> At the end of Mina, there are three stones, the first one is called al-Jamara al-Ula (the first), the second one is al-Jamara al-Wusṭa (the middle) and the third one is al-Jamara al-'Aqaba (the last).<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 66-67.</ref>
	Some of the rules and obligations of Ramy are as follows:		Some of the rules and obligations of Ramy are as follows:

	*Al-Niyya (~~Intention~~): Ramy, like other rituals of [[~~Hajj~~]], is ~~an ritual of~~ worship and should be performed with the intention of closeness and without any hypocrisy or show off.		*Al-Niyya (intention): Ramy, like other rituals of [[hajj]], is a worship and should be performed with the intention of closeness and without any hypocrisy and show off.
	*Seven pebbles must be thrown into the [[Jamaras\|jamarah]], but it is not necessary to hit them one after the other, so for example, if two of them hit the jamrah and the third one does not, if the fourth one hits the jamarah, it is counted as the third one.		*Seven pebbles must be thrown into the [[Jamaras\|jamarah]], but it is not necessary to hit them one after the other, so for example, if two of them hit the jamrah and the third one does not, if the fourth one hits the jamarah, it is counted as the third one.
	*throwing stones, so if hajj pilgrim goes ahead and lays stones, it is not enough.		*throwing stones, so if hajj pilgrim goes ahead and lays stones, it is not enough.
	*The stone should hit the ~~jamarah~~.		*The stone should hit the jamara.
	*It hits the ~~jamarah~~ by throwing it, ~~Therefore~~, it is not enough if it hits a stone by hitting a place or by hitting other people's stones.		*It hits the jamara by throwing it, therefore, it is not enough if it hits a stone by hitting a place or by hitting other people's stones.
	*Hajj pilgrim should hit ~~jamarah~~ gradually, so if he/she hits several pebbles together, it is not enough, but one is counted.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 66-67.</ref>		*Hajj pilgrim should hit the jamara gradually, so if he/she hits several pebbles together, it is not enough, but one is counted.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 66-67.</ref>

	According to the Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali ~~schools of thought~~, it is obligatory to follow the order of the three ~~Jamrats~~. ~~The Hanafi denominaton has considered~~ observing order as ~~Mustahabb~~.<ref>Hilli, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''', vol. 8, p. 362; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 1, p. 533-534; Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', vol. 1, p. 599-603</ref>		According to the Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali jurisprudence, it is obligatory to follow the order of the three Jamrat. Hanafis consider observing the order as mustahabb.<ref>Hilli, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqaha''', vol. 8, p. 362; Sabiq, ''Fiqh al-sunna'', vol. 1, p. 533-534; Jaziri, ''Al-Fiqh 'ala al-mAdhahib al-arba'a'', vol. 1, p. 599-603</ref>

	It is recommended to be [[~~Tahir~~]] while throwing stones and say [[~~Takbir~~]] with every stone has throwed. It is recommended to throw ~~al-'ula~~ and ~~al-Wusṭa jamrah~~ facing the [[~~Qibla~~]] and throwing ~~jamarah al-~~'~~Aqaba~~ back to the ~~Qibla~~.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 78.</ref>		It is recommended to be [[tahir]] while throwing stones and say [[takbir]] with every stone has throwed. It is recommended to throw the first and the middle jamara while facing the [[qibla]] and throwing at the last jamara with one's back to the qibla.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 78.</ref>

	Hajj Pilgrims can leave [[Mina]] on the twelfth day of Dhu l-Hijja, after noon; However, if someone does not leave Mina on that day until the sun sets, he should stay the 13th night there as well, and ~~throw Jamrats~~ on the 13th day as well.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 78.</ref>		Hajj Pilgrims can leave [[Mina]] on the twelfth day of Dhu l-Hijja, after noon; However, if someone does not leave Mina on that day until the sun sets, he should stay the 13th night there as well, and do ramy on the 13th day as well.<ref>Fallahzada, ''Darsnama-yi manasik-i hajj'', p. 78.</ref>

	==Notes==		==Notes==