Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a) - Revision history

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	==References==		==References==
			{{ref}}
	* ''Al-Aʾimma al-ithnā ʿashar'': Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Ṭūlūn (d. 953 AH), ed. Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Munajjid, Qom, al-Raḍī.		* ''Al-Aʾimma al-ithnā ʿashar'': Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Ṭūlūn (d. 953 AH), ed. Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Munajjid, Qom, al-Raḍī.
	* ''Al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl'': Aḥmad b. Dāwūd al-Dīnawarī (d. 282 AH), ed. ʿAbd al-Munʿim ʿĀmir, Qom, al-Raḍī, 1412 AH.		* ''Al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl'': Aḥmad b. Dāwūd al-Dīnawarī (d. 282 AH), ed. ʿAbd al-Munʿim ʿĀmir, Qom, al-Raḍī, 1412 AH.

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	==References==		==References==
	~~{{ref}}~~
	* ''Al-Aʾimma al-ithnā ʿashar'': Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Ṭūlūn (d. 953 AH), ed. Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Munajjid, Qom, al-Raḍī.		* ''Al-Aʾimma al-ithnā ʿashar'': Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Ṭūlūn (d. 953 AH), ed. Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Munajjid, Qom, al-Raḍī.
	* Al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl: Aḥmad b. Dāwūd al-Dīnawarī (d. 282 AH), ed. ʿAbd al-Munʿim ʿĀmir, Qom, al-Raḍī, 1412 AH.		* Al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl: Aḥmad b. Dāwūd al-Dīnawarī (d. 282 AH), ed. ʿAbd al-Munʿim ʿĀmir, Qom, al-Raḍī, 1412 AH.

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	==Birth and Childhood==		==Birth and Childhood==

	Imam al-Hasan was born in the middle of the month of [[Ramadan]]<ref>~~Tarikh Madinat~~ Dimashq, vol. 13, p. 167; al-~~Irshad~~, vol. 2, p. 5.</ref> of 3/625<ref>~~Tarjama~~ al-~~Imam~~ al-~~Hasan~~ min al-~~Tabaqat~~ al-~~Kubra~~, p. 98; ~~Ansab~~ al-~~Ashraf~~, vol. 3, p. 219; I'~~lam~~ al-~~Wara~~, vol. 1, p. 402.</ref> in [[Medina]]. Most sources describe him as the closest in appearance to [[the Prophet (s)]]. According to a report, the Prophet (s) described al-Hasan (a) as the most similar to him in character, disposition, and physical appearance.<ref>al-~~Tabaqat~~ al-~~Kubra~~, al-~~Khamisah~~, vol. 1, p. 245; al-~~Isti~~'ab, vol. 1, p. 384.</ref> He lived seven years during the lifetime of the Prophet (s).<ref>~~Manaqib~~ Āl ~~Abi Talib~~, vol. 3, p. 175.</ref> Among his epithets are Sibt al-Nabi, al-Sayyid, al-Zaki, al-Mujtaba, al-Taqi, al-Wali, and al-Tayyib.<ref>Kashf al-Ghumma, vol. 2, p. 141; ~~Bihar~~ al-~~Anwar~~, vol. 43, p. 255.</ref>		Imam al-Hasan was born in the middle of the month of [[Ramadan]]<ref>''Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq'', vol. 13, p. 167; ''Al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 5.</ref> of 3/625<ref>''Tarjimat al-Imām al-Ḥasan min al-ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', p. 98; ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 219; ''Iʿlām al-warā'', vol. 1, p. 402.</ref> in [[Medina]]. Most sources describe him as the closest in appearance to [[the Prophet (s)]]. According to a report, the Prophet (s) described al-Hasan (a) as the most similar to him in character, disposition, and physical appearance.<ref>''Al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', al-khamisa, vol. 1, p. 245; ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 1, p. 384.</ref> He lived seven years during the lifetime of the Prophet (s).<ref>''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 3, p. 175.</ref> Among his epithets are Sibt al-Nabi, al-Sayyid, al-Zaki, al-Mujtaba, al-Taqi, al-Wali, and al-Tayyib.<ref>Kashf al-Ghumma, vol. 2, p. 141; ''Bihār al-anwār'', vol. 43, p. 255.</ref>

	==After the Prophet (s)==		==After the Prophet (s)==
	He witnessed the events and incidents of the era of the first three caliphs. Some reports mention his and his brother [[Imam al-Husayn]]'s presence in certain conquests, such as in North Africa and Tabaristan,<ref>al-Kāmil fī al-~~Tārīkh~~, vol. 3, p. 6.</ref> although historical evidence indicates that he did not participate in these campaigns.<ref>See: al-Ḥayāt al-~~siyāsiyyah~~ li-l-Imām al-Ḥasan, pp. 114–130.</ref> During the siege of [['Uthman]], he used to visit 'Uthman's house at his father's request.<ref>Murūj al-dhahab, vol. 2, p. 344; al-~~Imāmah~~ wa al-~~siyāsah~~, vol. 1, p. 44; al-Ṭabarī, vol. 4, pp. 388–389.</ref> Another significant event of this period was when Imam al-Hasan (a), alongside his father, escorted [[Abu Dharr]] before his exile.<ref>Ansāb al-ashrāf, vol. 5, p. 543; al-Yaʿqūbī, vol. 2, p. 172.</ref>		He witnessed the events and incidents of the era of the first three caliphs. Some reports mention his and his brother [[Imam al-Husayn]]'s presence in certain conquests, such as in North Africa and Tabaristan,<ref>''Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh'', vol. 3, p. 6.</ref> although historical evidence indicates that he did not participate in these campaigns.<ref>See: ''Al-Ḥayāt al-sīyāsīyya li-l-Imām al-Ḥasan'', pp. 114–130.</ref> During the siege of [['Uthman]], he used to visit 'Uthman's house at his father's request.<ref>''Murūj al-dhahab'', vol. 2, p. 344; ''Al-Imāma wa l-sīyāsa'', vol. 1, p. 44; ''Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī'', vol. 4, pp. 388–389.</ref> Another significant event of this period was when Imam al-Hasan (a), alongside his father, escorted [[Abu Dharr]] before his exile.<ref>''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 5, p. 543; ''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'', vol. 2, p. 172.</ref>

	===During the Caliphate of Imam 'Ali (a)===		===During the Caliphate of Imam 'Ali (a)===
	Imam al-Hasan (a) spent thirty years of his life alongside his father [[Imam 'Ali (a)]]. On the eve of the [[Battle of Jamal]] he was dispatched by Imam 'Ali (a) to [[Kufa]] as his representative to mobilize the people.<ref> al-Jamal, pp. 132, 175.</ref> He also took part in the [[Battle of Siffin]]. In the [[Battle against the Khawarij]], in addition to delivering sermons in support of his father, he was present on the battlefield.<ref> ~~Hayat~~ al-~~Imam~~ al-~~Hasan ibn~~ '~~Ali~~, vol. 1, pp. 481–486.</ref>		Imam al-Hasan (a) spent thirty years of his life alongside his father [[Imam 'Ali (a)]]. On the eve of the [[Battle of Jamal]] he was dispatched by Imam 'Ali (a) to [[Kufa]] as his representative to mobilize the people.<ref>''Al-Jamal'', pp. 132, 175.</ref> He also took part in the [[Battle of Siffin]]. In the [[Battle against the Khawarij]], in addition to delivering sermons in support of his father, he was present on the battlefield.<ref>''Hayāt al-Imām al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī'', vol. 1, pp. 481–486.</ref>

	Imam 'Ali (a) had numerous endowments in Medina and its surroundings, which after his martyrdom were administered first by Imam al-Hasan (a), then by his brother al-Husayn (a).<ref> ~~Tahdhib~~ al-~~Ahkam~~, vol. 9, pp. 145–148.</ref> Administration of these endowments was later inherited by the [[Banu al-Hasan]] and [[Banu al-Husayn]].<ref> ~~Ilal~~ al-~~Sharai~~, vol. 1, p. 230; al-~~Irshad~~, vol. 2, p. 21; Kashf al-~~Ghummah~~, vol. 2, p. 199.</ref>		Imam 'Ali (a) had numerous endowments in Medina and its surroundings, which after his martyrdom were administered first by Imam al-Hasan (a), then by his brother al-Husayn (a).<ref>''Tahdhīb al-aḥkām'', vol. 9, pp. 145–148.</ref> Administration of these endowments was later inherited by the [[Banu l-Hasan]] and [[Banu l-Husayn]].<ref>''ʿIlal al-sharāʾiʿ'', vol. 1, p. 230; ''Al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 21; ''Kashf al-ghumma'', vol. 2, p. 199.</ref>

	==Imamate and Caliphate ~~of Imam al-Hasan (a)~~==		==Imamate and Caliphate==
	After being struck, [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] appointed his son al-Hasan (a) as imam,<ref> Kashf al-~~Ghummah~~, vol. 2, pp. 153–154; Musnad al-~~Imam~~ al-~~Mujtaba~~, p. 36.</ref> and al-Hasan assumed leadership for approximately six months. The pledge of allegiance to Imam al-Hasan (a) occurred on the 21st of Ramadan, in the year 40/661, following the martyrdom of his father.<ref> al-~~Irshad~~, vol. 2, p. 9. </ref>		After being struck, [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] appointed his son al-Hasan (a) as imam,<ref>''Kashf al-ghumma'', vol. 2, pp. 153–154; ''Musnad al-Imām al-Mujtabā'', p. 36.</ref> and al-Hasan assumed leadership for approximately six months. The pledge of allegiance to Imam al-Hasan (a) occurred on the 21st of Ramadan, in the year 40/661, following the martyrdom of his father.<ref>''Al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 9. </ref>

	[[Mu'awiya b. Abi Sufyan\|Mu'awiya]], the governor of Syria who claimed the caliphate, upon hearing of the people’s pledge, openly declared rebellion and refused to acknowledge Imam al-Hasan as caliph.<ref> al-~~Yaqubi~~, vol. 2, p. 214; Sharh ~~Nahj~~ al-~~Balagha~~, vol. 16, p. 31.</ref> Imam al-Hasan (a)’s first action after taking charge was to organize an army to confront Mu'awiya.<ref> al-Mustadrak ~~ala al~~-~~Sahihayn~~, vol. 3, pp. 174–176. </ref> In response, Mu'awiya marched with sixty thousand men against him.<ref> al-~~Futuh~~, vol. 4, p. 286; ~~Maqatil~~ al-~~Talibiyyin~~, pp. 34–35.</ref> He spread rumors claiming that Imam al-Hasan intended to make peace,<ref> al-~~Yaqubi~~, vol. 2, p. 214.</ref> while at the same time bribing some of al-Hasan’s commanders.<ref> ~~Ansab~~ al-~~Ashraf~~, vol. 3, p. 38.</ref> As a result of these rumors, al-Hasan’s camp was looted, and he was wounded in “Sabat.”<ref> ~~Ansab~~ al-~~Ashraf~~, vol. 3, p. 35; al-~~Irshad~~, vol. 2, p. 12.</ref>		[[Mu'awiya b. Abi Sufyan\|Mu'awiya]], the governor of Syria who claimed the caliphate, upon hearing of the people’s pledge, openly declared rebellion and refused to acknowledge Imam al-Hasan as caliph.<ref>''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'', vol. 2, p. 214; ''Sharh nahj al-balāgha'', vol. 16, p. 31.</ref> Imam al-Hasan (a)’s first action after taking charge was to organize an army to confront Mu'awiya.<ref>''Al-Mustadrak ʿalā l-saḥīḥayn'', vol. 3, pp. 174–176. </ref> In response, Mu'awiya marched with sixty thousand men against him.<ref>''Al-Futūḥ'', vol. 4, p. 286; ''Maqātil al-Ṭālibīyyīn'', pp. 34–35.</ref> He spread rumors claiming that Imam al-Hasan intended to make peace,<ref>''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'', vol. 2, p. 214.</ref> while at the same time bribing some of al-Hasan’s commanders.<ref> ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 38.</ref> As a result of these rumors, al-Hasan’s camp was looted, and he was wounded in “Sabat.”<ref>''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 35; ''Al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 12.</ref>

	In such circumstances he was compelled to make peace. When asked about the reason, Imam al-Hasan (a) explained that it was due to the people’s greater desire for peace, their aversion to war, and above all, the preservation of his Shi'a.<ref> ~~Akhbar~~ al-~~Tiwal~~, p. 220. </ref>		In such circumstances he was compelled to make peace. When asked about the reason, Imam al-Hasan (a) explained that it was due to the people’s greater desire for peace, their aversion to war, and above all, the preservation of his Shi'a.<ref> ''Akhbār al-ṭiwāl'', p. 220. </ref>

	He handed the caliphate to Mu'awiya under conditions: that Mu'awiya would not appoint a successor,<ref> al-~~Istiab~~, vol. 1, pp. 385–387. </ref> that the next caliph would be chosen by a council of Muslims,<ref> al-~~Istiab~~, vol. 1, pp. 386–387. </ref> that Muslims and the Shi'a would remain safe, and that no plot would be hatched against the Ahl al-Bayt.<ref> al-~~Futuh~~, vol. 4, pp. 290–291.</ref>		He handed the caliphate to Mu'awiya under conditions: that Mu'awiya would not appoint a successor,<ref> al-Istīʿāb, vol. 1, pp. 385–387. </ref> that the next caliph would be chosen by a council of Muslims,<ref> al-Istīʿāb, vol. 1, pp. 386–387. </ref> that Muslims and the Shi'a would remain safe, and that no plot would be hatched against the Ahl al-Bayt.<ref> ''Al-Futūḥ'', vol. 4, pp. 290–291.</ref>

	==Virtues and Merits==		==Virtues and Merits==
	Imam al-Hasan (a) was regarded as the most devout, ascetic, and virtuous person of his time.<ref> al-Am'~~Ali~~, p. 244; ~~Uddat~~ al-~~Dai~~, p. 139.</ref> He became renowned for his generosity, patience, and forbearance. Because of this, he was called “Karim Ahl al-Bayt.” He is reported to have given away half of his wealth, and in some accounts even all of it, in charity two or three times.<ref> ~~Ansab~~ al-~~Ashraf~~, vol. 3, p. 9; al-Wafi bil-Wafayat, vol. 12, p. 68; Sharh al-Akhbar, vol. 3, p. 113; Manaqib Aal Abi Talib, vol. 3, p. 180. </ref>		Imam al-Hasan (a) was regarded as the most devout, ascetic, and virtuous person of his time.<ref>''Al-Amālī'', p. 244; ''ʿUddat al-dāʿi'', p. 139.</ref> He became renowned for his generosity, patience, and forbearance. Because of this, he was called “Karim Ahl al-Bayt.” He is reported to have given away half of his wealth, and in some accounts even all of it, in charity two or three times.<ref>''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 9; ''Al-Wafi bil-Wafayat'', vol. 12, p. 68; Sharh al-Akhbar, vol. 3, p. 113; Manaqib Aal Abi Talib, vol. 3, p. 180. </ref>

	==Pilgrimage==		==Pilgrimage==

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-Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a) (Arabic: {{ia|إمام الحسن المجتبی}}) was the son of Amir al-Muʾminin [['Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]], the second Imam of the [[Shi'a]] and the fifth caliph of the Muslims. He is described as the one who most resembled [[the Prophet (s)]], a devout worshipper and ascetic, and it is reported that several times in his life he gave away all or half of his wealth in charity. After the martyrdom of Imam 'Ali (a), he assumed the caliphate by the people's allegiance, but in 41/661, due to divisions in his army, he was compelled to accept peace with [[Mu'awiya b. Abi Sufyan]], who claimed the caliphate and had advanced with a large army from Syria toward Iraq.
+'''Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a)''' (Arabic: {{ia|إمام الحسن المجتبی}}) was the son of Amir al-Muʾminin [['Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]], the second Imam of the [[Shi'a]] and the fifth caliph of the Muslims. He is described as the one who most resembled [[the Prophet (s)]], a devout worshipper and ascetic, and it is reported that several times in his life he gave away all or half of his wealth in charity. After the martyrdom of Imam 'Ali (a), he assumed the caliphate by the people's allegiance, but in 41/661, due to divisions in his army, he was compelled to accept peace with [[Mu'awiya b. Abi Sufyan]], who claimed the caliphate and had advanced with a large army from Syria toward Iraq.
 He is reported to have gone on hajj several times on foot. After his martyrdom, his body was buried in the [[cemetery of al-Baqi']], beside [[Fatima bt. Asad]]. Later, [[Imam 'Ali b. al-Husayn (a)]] and [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]] were also buried there, and a magnificent dome was eventually built over their graves.
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 Imam al-Hasan (a) was laid to rest in the al-Baqi cemetery, near his grandmother [[Fatimah bt. Asad]] and the Prophet’s uncle [['Abbas b. 'Abd al-MutTalib|'Abbas]]. Later, a dome was erected over their resting places along with those of [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] and [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]], described as the tallest structure in Medina.<ref> Ibn Jubayr, Rihlah, p. 155; Madinah Shinasi, p. 326; al-Iqd al-Thamin, vol. 3, p. 396.</ref> In 495/1101-02, [[Majd al-Mulk al-Baravistani]], vizier of the Seljuk ruler Barkiyaruq, sent an architect from Qom to build the dome over Imam al-Hasan’s shrine.<ref> al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, vol. 10, p. 352.</ref> This dome was destroyed on the 8th of Shawwal, 1343/1925, by Saudi Wahhabi forces.<ref> Tarikh Haram Aimmat al-Baqi wa Athar Ukhra fi Madinah al-Munawwarah, p. 51.</ref>

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	==Tomb==		==Tomb==
	In accordance with his will (“Bury me beside my grandfather”), the Ahl al-Bayt attempted to bury him beside the grave of the Prophet (s). However, the [[Umayyads]], led by [[Marwan b. al-Hakam]], the governor of Medina,<ref> al-Wafi bil-Wafayat, vol. 12, pp. 68–69. </ref> together with [[~~A'isha~~]],<ref> Tazkirat al-Khawas, p. 193. </ref> prevented them. The [[Banu Hashim]] prepared to resist, but [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]], honoring his brother’s will, refrained. Thus, al-Hasan was buried in [[al-Baqi cemetery]].<ref> Bihar al-Anwar, vol. 44, p. 134.</ref>		In accordance with his will (“Bury me beside my grandfather”), the Ahl al-Bayt attempted to bury him beside the grave of the Prophet (s). However, the [[Umayyads]], led by [[Marwan b. al-Hakam]], the governor of Medina,<ref> al-Wafi bil-Wafayat, vol. 12, pp. 68–69. </ref> together with [[Aisha]],<ref> Tazkirat al-Khawas, p. 193. </ref> prevented them. The [[Banu Hashim]] prepared to resist, but [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]], honoring his brother’s will, refrained. Thus, al-Hasan was buried in [[al-Baqi cemetery]].<ref> Bihar al-Anwar, vol. 44, p. 134.</ref>

	Imam al-Hasan (a) was laid to rest in the al-Baqi cemetery, near his grandmother [[Fatimah bt. Asad]] and the Prophet’s uncle [['Abbas b. 'Abd al-MutTalib\|'Abbas]]. Later, a dome was erected over their resting places along with those of [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] and [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]], described as the tallest structure in Medina.<ref> Ibn Jubayr, Rihlah, p. 155; Madinah Shinasi, p. 326; al-Iqd al-Thamin, vol. 3, p. 396.</ref> In 495/1101-02, [[Majd al-Mulk al-Baravistani]], vizier of the Seljuk ruler Barkiyaruq, sent an architect from Qom to build the dome over Imam al-Hasan’s shrine.<ref> al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, vol. 10, p. 352.</ref> This dome was destroyed on the 8th of Shawwal, 1343/1925, by Saudi Wahhabi forces.<ref> Tarikh Haram Aimmat al-Baqi wa Athar Ukhra fi Madinah al-Munawwarah, p. 51.</ref>		Imam al-Hasan (a) was laid to rest in the al-Baqi cemetery, near his grandmother [[Fatimah bt. Asad]] and the Prophet’s uncle [['Abbas b. 'Abd al-MutTalib\|'Abbas]]. Later, a dome was erected over their resting places along with those of [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] and [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]], described as the tallest structure in Medina.<ref> Ibn Jubayr, Rihlah, p. 155; Madinah Shinasi, p. 326; al-Iqd al-Thamin, vol. 3, p. 396.</ref> In 495/1101-02, [[Majd al-Mulk al-Baravistani]], vizier of the Seljuk ruler Barkiyaruq, sent an architect from Qom to build the dome over Imam al-Hasan’s shrine.<ref> al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, vol. 10, p. 352.</ref> This dome was destroyed on the 8th of Shawwal, 1343/1925, by Saudi Wahhabi forces.<ref> Tarikh Haram Aimmat al-Baqi wa Athar Ukhra fi Madinah al-Munawwarah, p. 51.</ref>

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	==Tomb==		==Tomb==
	In accordance with his will (“Bury me beside my grandfather”), the Ahl al-Bayt attempted to bury him beside the grave of the Prophet (s). However, the [[Umayyads]], led by [[Marwan b. al-Hakam]], the governor of Medina,<ref> al-Wafi bil-Wafayat, vol. 12, pp. 68–69. </ref> together with ~~some of the Prophet’s wives~~,<ref> Tazkirat al-Khawas, p. 193. </ref> prevented them. The [[Banu Hashim]] prepared to resist, but [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]], honoring his brother’s will, refrained. Thus, al-Hasan was buried in [[al-Baqi cemetery]].<ref> Bihar al-Anwar, vol. 44, p. 134.</ref>		In accordance with his will (“Bury me beside my grandfather”), the Ahl al-Bayt attempted to bury him beside the grave of the Prophet (s). However, the [[Umayyads]], led by [[Marwan b. al-Hakam]], the governor of Medina,<ref> al-Wafi bil-Wafayat, vol. 12, pp. 68–69. </ref> together with [[A'isha]],<ref> Tazkirat al-Khawas, p. 193. </ref> prevented them. The [[Banu Hashim]] prepared to resist, but [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]], honoring his brother’s will, refrained. Thus, al-Hasan was buried in [[al-Baqi cemetery]].<ref> Bihar al-Anwar, vol. 44, p. 134.</ref>

	Imam al-Hasan (a) was laid to rest in the al-Baqi cemetery, near his grandmother [[Fatimah bt. Asad]] and the Prophet’s uncle [['Abbas b. 'Abd al-MutTalib\|'Abbas]]. Later, a dome was erected over their resting places along with those of [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] and [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]], described as the tallest structure in Medina.<ref> Ibn Jubayr, Rihlah, p. 155; Madinah Shinasi, p. 326; al-Iqd al-Thamin, vol. 3, p. 396.</ref> In 495/1101-02, [[Majd al-Mulk al-Baravistani]], vizier of the Seljuk ruler Barkiyaruq, sent an architect from Qom to build the dome over Imam al-Hasan’s shrine.<ref> al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, vol. 10, p. 352.</ref> This dome was destroyed on the 8th of Shawwal, 1343/1925, by Saudi Wahhabi forces.<ref> Tarikh Haram Aimmat al-Baqi wa Athar Ukhra fi Madinah al-Munawwarah, p. 51.</ref>		Imam al-Hasan (a) was laid to rest in the al-Baqi cemetery, near his grandmother [[Fatimah bt. Asad]] and the Prophet’s uncle [['Abbas b. 'Abd al-MutTalib\|'Abbas]]. Later, a dome was erected over their resting places along with those of [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] and [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]], described as the tallest structure in Medina.<ref> Ibn Jubayr, Rihlah, p. 155; Madinah Shinasi, p. 326; al-Iqd al-Thamin, vol. 3, p. 396.</ref> In 495/1101-02, [[Majd al-Mulk al-Baravistani]], vizier of the Seljuk ruler Barkiyaruq, sent an architect from Qom to build the dome over Imam al-Hasan’s shrine.<ref> al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, vol. 10, p. 352.</ref> This dome was destroyed on the 8th of Shawwal, 1343/1925, by Saudi Wahhabi forces.<ref> Tarikh Haram Aimmat al-Baqi wa Athar Ukhra fi Madinah al-Munawwarah, p. 51.</ref>

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	==Birth and Childhood==		==Birth and Childhood==

	Imam al-Hasan was born in the middle of the month of [[Ramadan]]<ref>Tarikh Madinat Dimashq, vol. 13, p. 167; al-Irshad, vol. 2, p. 5.</ref> of 3/625<ref>Tarjama al-Imam al-Hasan min al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, p. 98; Ansab al-Ashraf, vol. 3, p. 219; I'lam al-Wara, vol. 1, p. 402.</ref> in Medina. Most sources describe him as the closest in appearance to the Prophet (s). According to a report, the Prophet (s) described al-Hasan (a) as the most similar to him in character, disposition, and physical appearance.<ref>al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, al-Khamisah, vol. 1, p. 245; al-Isti'ab, vol. 1, p. 384.</ref> He lived seven years during the lifetime of the Prophet (s).<ref>Manaqib Āl Abi Talib, vol. 3, p. 175.</ref> Among his epithets are Sibt al-Nabi, al-Sayyid, al-Zaki, al-Mujtaba, al-Taqi, al-Wali, and al-Tayyib.<ref>Kashf al-Ghumma, vol. 2, p. 141; Bihar al-Anwar, vol. 43, p. 255.</ref>		Imam al-Hasan was born in the middle of the month of [[Ramadan]]<ref>Tarikh Madinat Dimashq, vol. 13, p. 167; al-Irshad, vol. 2, p. 5.</ref> of 3/625<ref>Tarjama al-Imam al-Hasan min al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, p. 98; Ansab al-Ashraf, vol. 3, p. 219; I'lam al-Wara, vol. 1, p. 402.</ref> in [[Medina]]. Most sources describe him as the closest in appearance to [[the Prophet (s)]]. According to a report, the Prophet (s) described al-Hasan (a) as the most similar to him in character, disposition, and physical appearance.<ref>al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, al-Khamisah, vol. 1, p. 245; al-Isti'ab, vol. 1, p. 384.</ref> He lived seven years during the lifetime of the Prophet (s).<ref>Manaqib Āl Abi Talib, vol. 3, p. 175.</ref> Among his epithets are Sibt al-Nabi, al-Sayyid, al-Zaki, al-Mujtaba, al-Taqi, al-Wali, and al-Tayyib.<ref>Kashf al-Ghumma, vol. 2, p. 141; Bihar al-Anwar, vol. 43, p. 255.</ref>

	==After the Prophet (s)==		==After the Prophet (s)==

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	==References==		==References==
	* ''Al-Aʾimma al-ithnā ʿashar'': Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Ṭūlūn (d. 953 AH), ed. Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Munajjid, Qom, al-Raḍī.		* ''Al-Aʾimma al-ithnā ʿashar'': Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Ṭūlūn (d. 953 AH), ed. Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Munajjid, Qom, al-Raḍī.
	* Al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl: Aḥmad b. Dāwūd al-Dīnawarī (d. 282 AH), ed. ʿAbd al-Munʿim ʿĀmir, Qom, al-Raḍī, 1412 AH.		* ''Al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl'': Aḥmad b. Dāwūd al-Dīnawarī (d. 282 AH), ed. ʿAbd al-Munʿim ʿĀmir, Qom, al-Raḍī, 1412 AH.
	* Al-Amālī: al-Ṣadūq (d. 381 AH), Qom, al-Biʿtha, 1417 AH.		* ''Al-Amālī'': al-Ṣadūq (d. 381 AH), Qom, al-Biʿtha, 1417 AH.
	* Al-Badʾ wa l-tārīkh: al-Muṭahhar b. Ṭāhir al-Maqdisī (d. 355 AH), Beirut, Dār Ṣādir, 1903 CE.		* ''Al-Badʾ wa l-tārīkh'': al-Muṭahhar b. Ṭāhir al-Maqdisī (d. 355 AH), Beirut, Dār Ṣādir, 1903 CE.
	* Al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya: Ismāʿīl b. ʿUmar b. Kathīr (d. 774 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1407 AH.		* ''Al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya'': Ismāʿīl b. ʿUmar b. Kathīr (d. 774 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1407 AH.
	* Al-Durūs al-~~Sharʿiyya~~: al-Shahīd al-Awwal (d. 786 AH), Qom, Nashr Islāmī, 1412 AH.		* ''Al-Durūs al-sharʿiyya'': al-Shahīd al-Awwal (d. 786 AH), Qom, Nashr Islāmī, 1412 AH.
	* Al-Futūḥ: Aḥmad b. Aʿtham al-Kūfī (d. 314 AH), ed. ʿAlī Shīrī, Beirut, Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, 1411 AH.		* ''Al-Futūḥ'': Aḥmad b. Aʿtham al-Kūfī (d. 314 AH), ed. ʿAlī Shīrī, Beirut, Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, 1411 AH.
	* Al-Imāma wa l-siyāsa: Ibn Qutayba al-Dīnawarī (d. 276 AH), ed. Ṭāhā Muḥammad al-Zaynī, Muʾassisat al-Ḥalabī.		* ''Al-Imāma wa l-siyāsa'': Ibn Qutayba al-Dīnawarī (d. 276 AH), ed. Ṭāhā Muḥammad al-Zaynī, Muʾassisat al-Ḥalabī.
	* Al-Irshād: al-Mufīd (d. 413 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Mufīd, 1414 AH.		* ''Al-Irshād'': al-Mufīd (d. 413 AH), Beirut, Dār al-Mufīd, 1414 AH.
	* Al-Jamal wa al-~~Nuṣra~~ li-Sayyid al-ʿItra: al-Mufīd (d. 413 AH), Qom, Maktabat al-Dāwarī.		* ''Al-Jamal wa al-nuṣra li-Sayyid al-ʿItra'': al-Mufīd (d. 413 AH), Qom, Maktabat al-Dāwarī.
	* Ansāb al-ashrāf: al-Balādhurī (d. 279 AH), ed. Muḥammad Ḥamīd Allāh, Egypt, Dār al-Taʿāruf, 1959 CE.		* ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'': al-Balādhurī (d. 279 AH), ed. Muḥammad Ḥamīd Allāh, Egypt, Dār al-Taʿāruf, 1959 CE.
	* Biḥār al-anwār: Muḥammad Taqī al-Majlisī (d. 1110 AH), Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.		* ''Biḥār al-anwār'': Muḥammad Taqī al-Majlisī (d. 1110 AH), Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
	* ʿIlal al-sharāʾiʿ: Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Bābawayh al-Ṣadūq (d. 381 AH), ed. Baḥr al-ʿUlūm, Najaf, al-Maktaba al-Ḥaydarīyya, 1385 AH.		* ''ʿIlal al-sharāʾiʿ'': Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Bābawayh al-Ṣadūq (d. 381 AH), ed. Baḥr al-ʿUlūm, Najaf, al-Maktaba al-Ḥaydarīyya, 1385 AH.
	* Iʿlām al-warā: al-Ṭabrisī (d. 548 AH), Qom, Āl al-Bayt:, 1417 AH.		* ''Iʿlām al-warā'': al-Ṭabrisī (d. 548 AH), Qom, Āl al-Bayt:, 1417 AH.
	* Sharḥ nahj al-balāgha: Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd (d. 656 AH), ed. Muḥammad Abū l-Faḍl, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Kutub al-ʿArabiyya, 1378 AH.		* ''Sharḥ nahj al-balāgha'': Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd (d. 656 AH), ed. Muḥammad Abū l-Faḍl, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Kutub al-ʿArabiyya, 1378 AH.
	* Tahdhīb al-aḥkām: al-Ṭūsī (d. 460 AH), ed. Mūsawī and Ākhūndī, Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1365 SH.		* ''Tahdhīb al-aḥkām'': al-Ṭūsī (d. 460 AH), ed. Mūsawī and Ākhūndī, Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyya, 1365 SH.
	* Tārīkh-i ḥaram-i Aʾimma-yi Baqīʿ (a) wa āthār-i dīgar dar Madīna al-munawwara: Muḥammad Ṣādiq Najmī, Tehran, Mashʿar, 1386 Sh.		* ''Tārīkh-i ḥaram-i Aʾimma-yi Baqīʿ (a) wa āthār-i dīgar dar Madīna al-munawwara'': Muḥammad Ṣādiq Najmī, Tehran, Mashʿar, 1386 Sh.
	* Tarjima al-Imām al-Ḥasan min al-ṭabaqāt al-kubrā: Ibn Saʿd (d. 230 AH), ed. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Ṭabāṭabāʾī, Qom, Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt:, 1416 AH.		* ''Tarjima al-Imām al-Ḥasan min al-ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'': Ibn Saʿd (d. 230 AH), ed. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Ṭabāṭabāʾī, Qom, Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt:, 1416 AH.
	* ʿUddat al-dāʿī wa najāḥ al-sāʿī: Ibn Fahd al-Ḥillī (d. 841 AH), ed. Aḥmad Muwaḥḥid Qumī, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmī.		* ''ʿUddat al-dāʿī wa najāḥ al-sāʿī'': Ibn Fahd al-Ḥillī (d. 841 AH), ed. Aḥmad Muwaḥḥid Qumī, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmī.
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