Curtain of the Ka'ba - Revision history

Engineer: Text replacement - "Muʾassisa" to "Muʾassasa"

2025-07-29T09:24:26Z

Text replacement - "Muʾassisa" to "Muʾassasa"

Engineer: added Category:Ka'ba using HotCat

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added Category:Ka'ba using HotCat

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	*Subḥānī, Jaʿfar. ''Al- Tawḥīd wa al-shirk''. Beirut: Dār al-Taʿāruf, [n.d].		*Subḥānī, Jaʿfar. ''Al- Tawḥīd wa al-shirk''. Beirut: Dār al-Taʿāruf, [n.d].
	{{end}}		{{end}}
			[[Category:Ka'ba]]

	[[fa: پرده کعبه]]		[[fa: پرده کعبه]]

Engineer at 07:13, 5 March 2025

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	{{inline verse\|بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِیمِ رَبِّ اَدْخِلْنی مُدْخَلَ صِدْقٍ وَ اَخْرِجْنی‏ مُخْرَجَ صِدْقٍ وَ اجْعَلْ لی مِنْ لَدُنْکَ سُلْطاناً نَصیراً}} (And say: My Lord, lead me in with a just in going, and lead me out with a just outgoing; grant me authority from Thee, to help me.) (17:80)		{{inline verse\|بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِیمِ رَبِّ اَدْخِلْنی مُدْخَلَ صِدْقٍ وَ اَخْرِجْنی‏ مُخْرَجَ صِدْقٍ وَ اجْعَلْ لی مِنْ لَدُنْکَ سُلْطاناً نَصیراً}} (And say: My Lord, lead me in with a just in going, and lead me out with a just outgoing; grant me authority from Thee, to help me.) (17:80)

	Additionally, other verses, chapters, and phrases are written on the curtain and belt.<ref>Bāsalāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 311-352; ''~~Mawsū ʿa~~ al-~~ʿarabīyya~~ al-~~ʿālimīyya~~'', vol. 19, p. 319; Qāʾidān, ''Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 89.</ref>		Additionally, other verses, chapters, and phrases are written on the curtain and belt.<ref>Bāsalāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 311-352; ''Mawsūʿa al-ʿArabīyya al-ʿālamīyya'', vol. 19, p. 319; Qāʾidān, ''Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 89.</ref>

	==Notes==		==Notes==
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	*Ibn Khaldūn, ʿAbd l-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad. ''Tārīkh Ibn Khaldūn''. Edited by Khalīl Shaḥāda. Second edition. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1408AH-1988.		*Ibn Khaldūn, ʿAbd l-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad. ''Tārīkh Ibn Khaldūn''. Edited by Khalīl Shaḥāda. Second edition. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1408AH-1988.
	*Imām Aḥmad, Muḥyi al-dīn. Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq. Andulus: Dār al-Qurṭuba, [n.d].		*Imām Aḥmad, Muḥyi al-dīn. Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq. Andulus: Dār al-Qurṭuba, [n.d].
	*~~Muʾssisa Aʿmāl al- mawsū ʿa li-l nashr. .~~ Mawsū ʿa al-~~ʿarabīyya~~ al-~~ʿālimīyya~~. Riyadh: 1419 AH.		*''Mawsū ʿa al-ʿArabīyya al-ʿālamīyya''. Riyadh: Muʾassisa Aʿmāl al-Mawsūʿa li-l-Nashr, 1419 AH.
	*Nāblusī, ʿAbd al-Ghanī al-. ''Kashf al-nūr''. Istanbul: Maktabat al-Ḥaqīqa, 1406 AH.		*Nāblusī, ʿAbd al-Ghanī al-. ''Kashf al-nūr''. Istanbul: Maktabat al-Ḥaqīqa, 1406 AH.
	*Nawīrī, Aḥmad al-. ''Nihāyat al-irb''. Cairo: Wizarat al-thiqāfa wa al-irshād al-qawmī, 1412AH.		*Nawīrī, Aḥmad al-. ''Nihāyat al-irb''. Cairo: Wizarat al-thiqāfa wa al-irshād al-qawmī, 1412AH.

Engineer: /* Curtain of the Door */

2025-03-05T07:06:30Z

Curtain of the Door

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:36, 5 March 2025
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	The verses inscribed on the Burqa' are as follows (from top to bottom on the curtain):		The verses inscribed on the Burqa' are as follows (from top to bottom on the curtain):

	~~1. "~~{{ia\|قَدْ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا}}" (We have seen thee turning thy face about in the heaven now We will surely turn thee to a direction that shall satisfy thou) (2:144).		* {{inline verse\|قَدْ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا}} (We have seen thee turning thy face about in the heaven now We will surely turn thee to a direction that shall satisfy thou) (2:144).

	2. {{ia\|بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِیمِ* رَبِّ اَدْخِلْنی مُدْخَلَ صِدْقٍ وَ اَخْرِجْنی‏ مُخْرَجَ صِدْقٍ وَ اجْعَلْ لی مِنْ لَدُنْکَ سُلْطاناً نَصیراً}}		{{inline verse\|بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِیمِ رَبِّ اَدْخِلْنی مُدْخَلَ صِدْقٍ وَ اَخْرِجْنی‏ مُخْرَجَ صِدْقٍ وَ اجْعَلْ لی مِنْ لَدُنْکَ سُلْطاناً نَصیراً}} (And say: My Lord, lead me in with a just in going, and lead me out with a just outgoing; grant me authority from Thee, to help me.) (17:80)
	And say: My Lord, lead me in with a just in going, and lead me out with a just outgoing; grant me authority from Thee, to help me.~~<ref>sura Al-Isra,~~ 17:80~~.</ref>~~

	Additionally, other verses, chapters, and phrases are written on the curtain and belt.<ref>Bāsalāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 311-352; ''Mawsū ʿa al-ʿarabīyya al-ʿālimīyya'', vol. 19, p. 319; Qāʾidān, ''Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 89.</ref>		Additionally, other verses, chapters, and phrases are written on the curtain and belt.<ref>Bāsalāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 311-352; ''Mawsū ʿa al-ʿarabīyya al-ʿālimīyya'', vol. 19, p. 319; Qāʾidān, ''Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 89.</ref>

Engineer at 06:58, 5 March 2025

2025-03-05T06:58:59Z

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Saasamar at 11:15, 3 August 2024

2024-08-03T11:15:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:45, 3 August 2024
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	'''The Cover of the Kaʿba''', also known as '''Kiswa''' (Arabic: {{ia\|الكسوة}}), The Cover of the [[Kaaba]] (Kiswah)		'''The Cover of the Kaʿba''', also known as '''Kiswa''' (Arabic: {{ia\|الكسوة}}), The Cover of the [[Kaaba]] ([[Kiswah]])

	The cover of the Kaaba, known as the Kiswah, is a large black textile that envelops the walls of the Kaaba. Draping the Kaaba is considered a mark of deep respect and reverence for this sacred structure. The tradition of covering the Kaaba with various fabrics of different colors and materials dates back to pre-Islamic times, reflecting a longstanding historical practice.		The cover of the Kaaba, known as the Kiswah, is a large black textile that envelops the walls of the Kaaba. Draping the Kaaba is considered a mark of deep respect and reverence for this sacred structure. The tradition of covering the Kaaba with various fabrics of different colors and materials dates back to pre-Islamic times, reflecting a longstanding historical practice.
	The historical accounts of preparing and installing the Kiswah are well-documented in various sources. These accounts not only highlight the significance of the Kiswah but also discuss its various aspects in Islamic jurisprudence.		The historical accounts of preparing and installing the Kiswah are well-documented in various sources. These accounts not only highlight the significance of the Kiswah but also discuss its various aspects in Islamic jurisprudence.

Saasamar at 11:02, 3 August 2024

2024-08-03T11:02:02Z

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Saasamar at 13:16, 31 July 2024

2024-07-31T13:16:54Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:46, 31 July 2024
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	'''~~Curtain~~ of the Kaʿba''', also known as '''Kiswa''' (Arabic: {{ia\|الكسوة}}), is a black ~~fabric~~ that ~~covers~~ the walls of the ~~[[Ka'ba]]~~. ~~Covering~~ the ~~Ka'ba with a curtain~~ is considered a ~~sign~~ of respect. The tradition of ~~draping~~ the ~~Ka'ba~~ with fabrics of ~~various~~ colors and materials dates back to ~~ancient~~ times, ~~predating~~ the ~~advent of Islam~~. ~~Historical sources record events related to~~ the ~~preparation and installation~~ of the ~~curtain~~ of the ~~Ka'ba~~. ~~Additionally,~~ the ~~curtain~~ of the ~~Ka'ba is~~ the ~~subject of certain legal rulings~~ in Islamic ~~jurisprudence~~.		'''The Cover of the Kaʿba''', also known as '''Kiswa''' (Arabic: {{ia\|الكسوة}}), The Cover of the [[Kaaba]] (Kiswah)
			The cover of the Kaaba, known as the Kiswah, is a large black textile that envelops the walls of the Kaaba. Draping the Kaaba is considered a mark of deep respect and reverence for this sacred structure. The tradition of covering the Kaaba with various fabrics of different colors and materials dates back to pre-Islamic times, reflecting a longstanding historical practice.
			The historical accounts of preparing and installing the Kiswah are well-documented in various sources. These accounts not only highlight the significance of the Kiswah but also discuss its various aspects in Islamic jurisprudence.
			In contemporary times, the Kiswah is meticulously crafted in a specialized workshop in Mecca. It consists of five main sections, each meticulously embroidered with verses from the Quran and intricate designs. This process ensures that the Kiswah remains a symbol of the sanctity and honor of the Kaaba, maintaining its revered status in the Islamic tradition.

	~~Today, the curtain is woven in a dedicated workshop in [[Mecca]] and consists of five pieces, each covering one of the walls of the Ka'ba, with an additional piece allocated for the door.~~

	==Word and Concept==		==Word and Concept==

Engineer at 08:26, 30 July 2024

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← Older revision		Revision as of 11:56, 30 July 2024
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	==Size and Weight==		==Size and Weight==
	The curtain of the Ka'ba is composed of five main parts, each covering a wall of the Ka'ba. The fifth ~~piece~~ encompasses the Kaaba's door, known as the Burqa'. In total, the ~~garment of the Ka'ba~~ consists of 54 pieces, ~~with~~ each piece measuring 14 meters in length and 95 centimeters in width. The total area of the curtain is 2650 square meters, and its weight reaches two tons.<ref>Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p. 215; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 474.</ref> Many of the pieces, inscriptions, and patterns on curtain of the Ka'ba are adorned with gilding.<ref>Sādiqī Ardistānī, ''Hajj az mīqāt tā mīʿād'', vol. 55, p. 133~~.</ref>~~		The curtain of the Ka'ba is composed of five main parts, each covering a wall of the Ka'ba. The fifth part encompasses the Kaaba's door, known as the Burqa'. In total, the curtain consists of 54 pieces, each piece measuring 14 meters in length and 95 centimeters in width. The total area of the curtain is 2650 square meters, and its weight reaches two tons.<ref>Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p. 215; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 474.</ref> Many of the pieces, inscriptions, and patterns on curtain of the Ka'ba are adorned with gilding.<ref>Sādiqī Ardistānī, ''Hajj az mīqāt tā mīʿād'', vol. 55, p. 133.</ref>
	~~==The belt around curtain of the Ka'ba==~~
	The "Hizam" refers to the belt or band around curtain of the Ka'ba. The belt is made of black silk fabric and is adorned with patterns and Quranic verses in Thuluth script. The belt is composed of 16 pieces, with a circumference of 47 meters and a width of 95 centimeters. Quranic verses are inscribed on the belt, and at specified intervals, phrases such as "یا حی یا قیوم," "یا رحمن یا رحیم," and "الحمد لله رب العالمین" are embellished with golden letters.<ref>Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p. 215; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 474.</ref>

	==~~The curtain in~~ the ~~Ka'ba~~==		==Belt Around the Curtain==
	The curtain of the Kaaba's door, known as the "Borqa'," is made of black silk fabric and is adorned with Quranic verses and Islamic decorations in gold and silver. Additionally, Surah Al-Fatiha is inscribed on it from three directions. The Borqa' is made of silk, with a height of 5.7 meters and a width of four meters.<ref>Qalashqandī, ''Ṣubḥ al-aʿshā'', vol. 4, p. 282; Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār'', vol. 1, p. 258; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 358.</ref>		{{main\|Hizam}}

	The verses inscribed on the ~~Kaaba~~'~~s curtain are as follows:~~		The "Hizam" refers to the belt or band around the curtain of the Ka'ba. The belt is made of black silk fabric and is adorned with patterns and Quranic verses in Thuluth script. The belt is composed of 16 pieces, with a circumference of 47 meters and a width of 95 centimeters. Quranic verses are inscribed on the belt, and at specified intervals, "{{ia\|یا حی یا قیوم}}," "{{ia\|یا رحمن یا رحیم}}," and "{{ia\|الحمد لله رب العالمین}}" are written with golden letters.<ref>Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p. 215; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 474.</ref>

	~~The verses inscribed on curtain~~ of the Ka'~~ba and belt are as follows (from top to bottom on the curtain):~~		==Curtain of the Door==
			{{main\|Burqa'}}

	1. "~~قَدْ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا~~"		The curtain of the Ka'ba's door, known as the "Burqa'," is made of black silk fabric and is adorned with Quranic verses and Islamic decorations in gold and silver. Additionally, Sura Al-Fatiha is inscribed on it from three directions. The Burqa' is made of silk, with a height of 5.7 meters and a width of four meters.<ref>Qalashqandī, ''Ṣubḥ al-aʿshā'', vol. 4, p. 282; Azraqī, ''Akhbār Makka wa mā jāʾa fīhā min al-āthār'', vol. 1, p. 258; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 358.</ref>
	~~(We have seen thee turning thy face about~~ in ~~the heaven now We will surely turn thee to~~ a ~~direction that shall satisfy~~ .)<ref>~~Sura Al~~-~~Baqarah~~, ~~2:144~~.</ref>

	2. بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِیمِ* رَبِّ اَدْخِلْنی مُدْخَلَ صِدْقٍ وَ اَخْرِجْنی‏ مُخْرَجَ صِدْقٍ وَ اجْعَلْ لی مِنْ لَدُنْکَ سُلْطاناً نَصیراً		The verses inscribed on the Burqa' are as follows (from top to bottom on the curtain):

			1. "{{ia\|قَدْ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا}}" (We have seen thee turning thy face about in the heaven now We will surely turn thee to a direction that shall satisfy thou) (2:144).

			2. {{ia\|بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِیمِ* رَبِّ اَدْخِلْنی مُدْخَلَ صِدْقٍ وَ اَخْرِجْنی‏ مُخْرَجَ صِدْقٍ وَ اجْعَلْ لی مِنْ لَدُنْکَ سُلْطاناً نَصیراً}}
	And say: My Lord, lead me in with a just in going, and lead me out with a just outgoing; grant me authority from Thee, to help me.<ref>sura Al-Isra, 17:80.</ref>		And say: My Lord, lead me in with a just in going, and lead me out with a just outgoing; grant me authority from Thee, to help me.<ref>sura Al-Isra, 17:80.</ref>

	Additionally, other verses, chapters, and phrases are written on the curtain and belt.<ref>~~Bāslāma~~, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 311-352; ''Mawsū ʿa al-ʿarabīyya al-ʿālimīyya'', vol. 19, p. 319; Qāʾidān, ''Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 89.</ref>		Additionally, other verses, chapters, and phrases are written on the curtain and belt.<ref>Bāsalāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 311-352; ''Mawsū ʿa al-ʿarabīyya al-ʿālimīyya'', vol. 19, p. 319; Qāʾidān, ''Tārīkh wa āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 89.</ref>

	==Notes==		==Notes==
	{{Notes}}		{{Notes}}


	==References==		==References==

Engineer at 15:10, 29 July 2024

2024-07-29T15:10:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:40, 29 July 2024
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	'''Curtain of the Kaʿba''', also known as '''Kiswa''' (Arabic: {{ia\|الكسوة}}), is a black fabric that covers the walls of the [[Ka'ba]]. Covering the Ka'ba with a curtain is considered a sign of respect. The tradition of draping the Ka'ba with fabrics of various colors and materials dates back to ancient times, predating the advent of Islam. Historical sources record events related to the preparation and installation of curtain of the Ka'ba. Additionally, curtain of the Ka'ba is the subject of certain legal rulings in Islamic jurisprudence.		'''Curtain of the Kaʿba''', also known as '''Kiswa''' (Arabic: {{ia\|الكسوة}}), is a black fabric that covers the walls of the [[Ka'ba]]. Covering the Ka'ba with a curtain is considered a sign of respect. The tradition of draping the Ka'ba with fabrics of various colors and materials dates back to ancient times, predating the advent of Islam. Historical sources record events related to the preparation and installation of the curtain of the Ka'ba. Additionally, the curtain of the Ka'ba is the subject of certain legal rulings in Islamic jurisprudence.

	Today, the curtain is woven in a dedicated workshop in [[Mecca]] and consists of five pieces, each covering one of the walls of the Ka'ba, with an additional piece allocated for the door.		Today, the curtain is woven in a dedicated workshop in [[Mecca]] and consists of five pieces, each covering one of the walls of the Ka'ba, with an additional piece allocated for the door.
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	Covering Ka'ba with a curtain is a symbol of respect.<ref>Baḥr al-ʿUlūm, ''Al-Tuḥfat al-kirām'', p. 159-160.</ref> And it constitutes a part of the history of the Ka'ba.<ref>Nāblusī, ''Kashf al-nūr'', p. 14; Subḥānī, ''Al- Tawḥīd wa al-shirk'', p. 210.</ref> There has also been a specific position for the custodian of the curtain's affairs, known as [[hijabat]], from the past until now.		Covering Ka'ba with a curtain is a symbol of respect.<ref>Baḥr al-ʿUlūm, ''Al-Tuḥfat al-kirām'', p. 159-160.</ref> And it constitutes a part of the history of the Ka'ba.<ref>Nāblusī, ''Kashf al-nūr'', p. 14; Subḥānī, ''Al- Tawḥīd wa al-shirk'', p. 210.</ref> There has also been a specific position for the custodian of the curtain's affairs, known as [[hijabat]], from the past until now.

	Additionally, curtain of the Ka'ba is the subject of certain legal rulings, with the most significant being the permission to cover the Ka'ba with silk.<ref>Ḥillī, ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām al-sharʿiyya ʿalā madhhab al-imāmiyya'', vol. 4, p. 363; Samhūdī, ''Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 2, p. 140; Bahūtī, ''Kashf al-qināʿ'', vol. 3, p. 180.</ref> Impermissibility of tearing, cutting, buying, and selling the curtain of the Ka'ba according to the viewpoint of some Shia Muslims and also some followers of the Shafi'i school, is contrary to the common perspective among Sunnis.<ref>Ḥillī, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ'', vol. 7, p. 380; Rāfiʿī, ''Fatḥ al-ʿazīz'', vol. 7, p. 513.</ref> Permissibility or impermissibility of adorning it with gold and silver,<ref>Shirwānī, ''Al-Ḥawāshī'', vol. 1, p. 121; Ḥalabī, ''Al-Sīra al-ḥalabiyya'', vol. 1, p. 280.</ref>and permission to enter behind the curtain for supplication.<ref>Damyāṭī, ''Iʿāna al-ṭālibīn'', vol. 2, p. 95.</ref>		Additionally, the curtain of the Ka'ba is the subject of certain legal rulings, with the most significant being the permission to cover the Ka'ba with silk.<ref>Ḥillī, ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām al-sharʿiyya ʿalā madhhab al-imāmiyya'', vol. 4, p. 363; Samhūdī, ''Wafāʾ al-wafā bi akhbār dar al-Muṣṭafā'', vol. 2, p. 140; Bahūtī, ''Kashf al-qināʿ'', vol. 3, p. 180.</ref> The Impermissibility of tearing, cutting, buying, and selling the curtain of the Ka'ba according to the viewpoint of some Shia Muslims and also some followers of the Shafi'i school, is contrary to the common perspective among Sunnis.<ref>Ḥillī, ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ'', vol. 7, p. 380; Rāfiʿī, ''Fatḥ al-ʿazīz'', vol. 7, p. 513.</ref> Permissibility or impermissibility of adorning it with gold and silver,<ref>Shirwānī, ''Al-Ḥawāshī'', vol. 1, p. 121; Ḥalabī, ''Al-Sīra al-ḥalabiyya'', vol. 1, p. 280.</ref>and permission to enter behind the curtain for supplication.<ref>Damyāṭī, ''Iʿāna al-ṭālibīn'', vol. 2, p. 95.</ref>

	==History ==		==History ==
	There is a difference of opinion regarding who first covered the [[Ka'ba]]. Some narratives attribute this action to [[Prophet Adam]].<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh'', vol. 2, p. 235; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 13, p. 208.</ref> Some historical accounts suggest that one of the kings of Himyar in [[Yemen]] was the first to cover the Ka'ba, around the year 190 or 220 before the Bi'tha.<ref>Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, ''Fatḥ al-bārī bi sharḥ ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī'', vol. 3, p. 365-366; Ḥalabī, ''Al-Sīra al-ḥalabiyya'', vol. 1, p. 280; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 291; Fākihī, ''Akhbār Makka fī qadīm al-dahr wa ḥadīthih'', vol. 5, p. 230-231.</ref>		There is a difference of opinion regarding who first covered the [[Ka'ba]]. Some narratives attribute this action to [[Prophet Adam]].<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Man lā yaḥḍuruh al-faqīh'', vol. 2, p. 235; Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 13, p. 208.</ref> Some historical accounts suggest that one of the kings of Himyar in [[Yemen]] was the first to cover the Ka'ba, around the year 190 or 220 before the Bi'tha.<ref>Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, ''Fatḥ al-bārī bi sharḥ ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī'', vol. 3, p. 365-366; Ḥalabī, ''Al-Sīra al-ḥalabiyya'', vol. 1, p. 280; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 291; Fākihī, ''Akhbār Makka fī qadīm al-dahr wa ḥadīthih'', vol. 5, p. 230-231.</ref>

	~~Weaving~~ of new curtains for the [[Ka'ba]] continued by the [[Quraysh]], and after the advent of Islam, it was carried on by the Prophet and ~~his successors~~. This practice experienced significant development during certain periods of the [[Abbasid era]], with garment of the Ka'ba being occasionally replaced three times a year.<ref>Ḥalabī, ''Al-Sīra al-ḥalabiyya'', vol. 1, p. 281; Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p. 211; Amīn, ''Kashf al-irtīyāb'', p. 360.</ref>Kings of other Islamic lands <ref>Ibn Kathīr, ''Al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya'', vol. 13, p. 26.</ref> ~~And~~ some wealthy individuals would occasionally procure curtain of the Ka'ba and send it to [[Mecca]].<ref>Ibn Khaldūn, ''Tārīkh Ibn Khaldūn'', vol. 3, p. 513; Ibn Athīr al-Jazarī, ''Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh'', vol. 11, p. 65; Nawīrī, ''Nihāyat al-irb'', vol. 23, p. 284.</ref>		The weaving of new curtains for the [[Ka'ba]] continued by the [[Quraysh]], and after the advent of Islam, it was carried on by the Prophet (s) and later rulers. This practice experienced significant development during certain periods of the [[Abbasid era]], with the garment of the Ka'ba being occasionally replaced three times a year.<ref>Ḥalabī, ''Al-Sīra al-ḥalabiyya'', vol. 1, p. 281; Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p. 211; Amīn, ''Kashf al-irtīyāb'', p. 360.</ref> Kings of other Islamic lands<ref>Ibn Kathīr, ''Al-Bidāya wa l-nihāya'', vol. 13, p. 26.</ref> and some wealthy individuals would occasionally procure a curtain for the Ka'ba and send it to [[Mecca]].<ref>Ibn Khaldūn, ''Tārīkh Ibn Khaldūn'', vol. 3, p. 513; Ibn Athīr al-Jazarī, ''Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh'', vol. 11, p. 65; Nawīrī, ''Nihāyat al-irb'', vol. 23, p. 284.</ref>

	===~~The weaving of curtain~~ of the ~~Ka'ba~~ in Egypt===		===Weaving of the Curtain in Egypt===
	After the ~~extinction~~ of the Abbasids (in 659 AH/ ~~1260-1~~), providing the ~~covering~~ for the Ka'ba became the exclusive responsibility of the rulers of [[Egypt]] from 661 AH/~~1262~~-3 onward.<ref>Amīn, ''Kashf al-irtīyāb'', p. 360.</ref> During the Ottoman ~~Empire~~ era, the weaving of the curtain also took place in Egypt.<ref>Sakhāwī, ''Al-Dhaw ʾ al-lāmiʿ'', vol. 4, p. 26; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 320.</ref> In Egypt, since the [[Mamluk era]], endowments and special workshops were allocated for the production of materials for fabric weaving.<ref>Sakhāwī, ''Al-Tuḥfat al-laṭīfa fī tārīkh al-Madīna al-sharīfa'', vol. 2, p. 107; Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 123; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 317; Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', p. 216; Ḥamdī, ''Mawsū ʿa al-mafāhīm'', vol. 1, p. 553.</ref>		After the fall of the Abbasids (in 659/1258), providing the cloth for the Ka'ba became the exclusive responsibility of the rulers of [[Egypt]] from 661/1260-1 onward.<ref>Amīn, ''Kashf al-irtīyāb'', p. 360.</ref> During the Ottoman era, the weaving of the curtain also took place in Egypt.<ref>Sakhāwī, ''Al-Dhaw ʾ al-lāmiʿ'', vol. 4, p. 26; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 320.</ref> In Egypt, since the [[Mamluk era]], endowments and special workshops were allocated for the production of materials for fabric weaving.<ref>Sakhāwī, ''Al-Tuḥfat al-laṭīfa fī tārīkh al-Madīna al-sharīfa'', vol. 2, p. 107; Fāsī al-Makkī, ''Shifāʾ al-gharām bi akhbār al-balad al-ḥarām'', vol. 1, p. 123; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 317; Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', p. 216; Ḥamdī, ''Mawsū ʿa al-mafāhīm'', vol. 1, p. 553.</ref>
	===~~The curtain-weaving workshop~~ in Mecca===
	With the establishment of the [[Al Saud ~~government~~]], a workshop in [[Mecca]] was dedicated to the weaving of the curtain.<ref>Daqan, ''Kaʿba wa Jamie ān'', p. 172; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 347.</ref> This practice continued until 1358/ 1939-40 when the Egyptian government requested Abdulaziz to allow the transportation of another curtain from Egypt. Abdulaziz accepted this request, and the workshop was closed. The curtain was once again brought from Egypt. This continued until 1382/1962-3 when, due to the disagreement between Egypt and Saudi Arabia, the sending of the ~~Kaaba~~'s covering from Egypt was halted. Since then, the weaving ~~of the Kaaba's curtain~~ in Mecca has continued in the remaining ~~curtain~~ workshop.<ref>Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p. 215; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 331-332; Daqan, Kaʿba wa Jamie ān, p. 175-178.</ref>		===Workshop in Mecca===
	==~~The size~~ and ~~weight of curtain of the Ka'ba~~==		With the establishment of the [[Saud dynasty]], a workshop in [[Mecca]] was dedicated to the weaving of the curtain.<ref>Daqan, ''Kaʿba wa Jamie ān'', p. 172; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 347.</ref> This practice continued until 1358/1939-40 when the Egyptian government requested Abdulaziz to allow the transportation of another curtain from Egypt. Abdulaziz accepted this request, and the workshop was closed. The curtain was once again brought from Egypt. This continued until 1382/1962-3 when, due to the disagreement between Egypt and Saudi Arabia, the sending of the Ka'ba's covering from Egypt was halted. Since then, the curtain weaving in Mecca has continued in the remaining workshop.<ref>Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p. 215; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 331-332; Daqan, Kaʿba wa Jamie ān, p. 175-178.</ref>
	~~Curtain~~ of the Ka'ba is composed of five main parts, each covering ~~one side~~ of the ~~Kaaba~~. The fifth piece encompasses the Kaaba's door, known as the "Burqa'." In total, garment of the Ka'ba consists of 54 pieces, with each piece measuring 14 meters in length and 95 centimeters in width. The total area of the curtain is 2650 square meters, and its weight reaches two tons.<ref>Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p. 215; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 474.</ref> Many of the pieces, inscriptions, and patterns on curtain of the Ka'ba are adorned with gilding.<ref>Sādiqī Ardistānī, ''Hajj az mīqāt tā mīʿād'', vol. 55, p. 133.</ref>
			==Size and Weight==
			The curtain of the Ka'ba is composed of five main parts, each covering a wall of the Ka'ba. The fifth piece encompasses the Kaaba's door, known as the Burqa'. In total, the garment of the Ka'ba consists of 54 pieces, with each piece measuring 14 meters in length and 95 centimeters in width. The total area of the curtain is 2650 square meters, and its weight reaches two tons.<ref>Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p. 215; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 474.</ref> Many of the pieces, inscriptions, and patterns on curtain of the Ka'ba are adorned with gilding.<ref>Sādiqī Ardistānī, ''Hajj az mīqāt tā mīʿād'', vol. 55, p. 133.</ref>
	==The belt around curtain of the Ka'ba==		==The belt around curtain of the Ka'ba==
	The "Hizam" refers to the belt or band around curtain of the Ka'ba. The belt is made of black silk fabric and is adorned with patterns and Quranic verses in Thuluth script. The belt is composed of 16 pieces, with a circumference of 47 meters and a width of 95 centimeters. Quranic verses are inscribed on the belt, and at specified intervals, phrases such as "یا حی یا قیوم," "یا رحمن یا رحیم," and "الحمد لله رب العالمین" are embellished with golden letters.<ref>Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p. 215; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 474.</ref>		The "Hizam" refers to the belt or band around curtain of the Ka'ba. The belt is made of black silk fabric and is adorned with patterns and Quranic verses in Thuluth script. The belt is composed of 16 pieces, with a circumference of 47 meters and a width of 95 centimeters. Quranic verses are inscribed on the belt, and at specified intervals, phrases such as "یا حی یا قیوم," "یا رحمن یا رحیم," and "الحمد لله رب العالمین" are embellished with golden letters.<ref>Imām Aḥmad, ''Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq'', vol. 1, p. 215; Bāslāma, ''Tārīkh al-kaʿba al-muʿaẓẓama'', p. 474.</ref>
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	1. "قَدْ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا"		1. "قَدْ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا"
	(We have seen thee turning thy face about in the heaven now We will surely turn thee to a direction that shall satisfy .) <ref>Sura Al-Baqarah, 2:144.</ref>		(We have seen thee turning thy face about in the heaven now We will surely turn thee to a direction that shall satisfy .)<ref>Sura Al-Baqarah, 2:144.</ref>

	2. بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِیمِ* رَبِّ اَدْخِلْنی مُدْخَلَ صِدْقٍ وَ اَخْرِجْنی‏ مُخْرَجَ صِدْقٍ وَ اجْعَلْ لی مِنْ لَدُنْکَ سُلْطاناً نَصیراً		2. بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِیمِ* رَبِّ اَدْخِلْنی مُدْخَلَ صِدْقٍ وَ اَخْرِجْنی‏ مُخْرَجَ صِدْقٍ وَ اجْعَلْ لی مِنْ لَدُنْکَ سُلْطاناً نَصیراً

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:54, 29 July 2025
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	*Ḥalabī, Nūr al-Dīn. ''Al-Sīra al-ḥalabiyya''. Edited by ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad Khalīlī. Beirut: 1422 AH-2002.		*Ḥalabī, Nūr al-Dīn. ''Al-Sīra al-ḥalabiyya''. Edited by ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad Khalīlī. Beirut: 1422 AH-2002.
	*Ḥamdī, Maḥmūd. Mawsū ʿa al-mafāhīm. Cairo: Wizārat Awqāf, [n.d].		*Ḥamdī, Maḥmūd. Mawsū ʿa al-mafāhīm. Cairo: Wizārat Awqāf, [n.d].
	*Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ''. Qom: ~~Muʾassisat~~ Āl al-Bayt, 1414 AH.		*Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Tadhkirat al-fuqahāʾ''. Qom: Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt, 1414 AH.
	*Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām al-sharʿiyya ʿalā madhhab al-imāmiyya''. Edited by Ibrāhīm Bahādurī. Qom: ~~Muʾassisat~~ Imām al-Ṣādiq, 1420 AH.		*Ḥillī, al-Ḥasan b. Yūsuf al-. ''Taḥrīr al-aḥkām al-sharʿiyya ʿalā madhhab al-imāmiyya''. Edited by Ibrāhīm Bahādurī. Qom: Muʾassasat Imām al-Ṣādiq, 1420 AH.
	*Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa''. Qom: ~~Muʾassisat~~ Āl al-Bayt, 1416 AH.		*Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-. ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa''. Qom: Muʾassasat Āl al-Bayt, 1416 AH.
	*Ibn Athīr al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Abī l-Karam. ''Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh''. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, 1385 AH-1965.		*Ibn Athīr al-Jazarī, ʿAlī b. Abī l-Karam. ''Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh''. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, 1385 AH-1965.
	*Ibn Fāris. ''Muʿjam maqāyīs al-lugha''. Qom: Maktab al-Aʿlām al-Islāmī, 1404 AH.		*Ibn Fāris. ''Muʿjam maqāyīs al-lugha''. Qom: Maktab al-Aʿlām al-Islāmī, 1404 AH.
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	*Ibn Khaldūn, ʿAbd l-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad. ''Tārīkh Ibn Khaldūn''. Edited by Khalīl Shaḥāda. Second edition. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1408AH-1988.		*Ibn Khaldūn, ʿAbd l-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad. ''Tārīkh Ibn Khaldūn''. Edited by Khalīl Shaḥāda. Second edition. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1408AH-1988.
	*Imām Aḥmad, Muḥyi al-dīn. Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq. Andulus: Dār al-Qurṭuba, [n.d].		*Imām Aḥmad, Muḥyi al-dīn. Fī riḥāb al-bayt al-ʿatīq. Andulus: Dār al-Qurṭuba, [n.d].
	*''Mawsū ʿa al-ʿArabīyya al-ʿālamīyya''. Riyadh: ~~Muʾassisa~~ Aʿmāl al-Mawsūʿa li-l-Nashr, 1419 AH.		*''Mawsū ʿa al-ʿArabīyya al-ʿālamīyya''. Riyadh: Muʾassasa Aʿmāl al-Mawsūʿa li-l-Nashr, 1419 AH.
	*Nāblusī, ʿAbd al-Ghanī al-. ''Kashf al-nūr''. Istanbul: Maktabat al-Ḥaqīqa, 1406 AH.		*Nāblusī, ʿAbd al-Ghanī al-. ''Kashf al-nūr''. Istanbul: Maktabat al-Ḥaqīqa, 1406 AH.
	*Nawīrī, Aḥmad al-. ''Nihāyat al-irb''. Cairo: Wizarat al-thiqāfa wa al-irshād al-qawmī, 1412AH.		*Nawīrī, Aḥmad al-. ''Nihāyat al-irb''. Cairo: Wizarat al-thiqāfa wa al-irshād al-qawmī, 1412AH.