Aisha - Revision history

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	~~Aisha~~ (Arabic: {{ia\|عائشة}}) was the third wife of Prophet Muhammad (s) and the daughter of Abu Bakr. Aisha is regarded as one of the outstanding women of early Islam, holding both political and social status, and more than two thousand hadiths have been narrated from her. Aisha has been criticized by Shi'a due to her disagreements with [[Imam Ali (a)]] and her confrontation with him in the [[Battle of the Camel]].		'''ʿĀʾisha''' (Arabic: {{ia\|عائشة}}) was the third wife of Prophet Muhammad (s) and the daughter of Abu Bakr. Aisha is regarded as one of the outstanding women of early Islam, holding both political and social status, and more than two thousand hadiths have been narrated from her. Aisha has been criticized by Shi'a due to her disagreements with [[Imam Ali (a)]] and her confrontation with him in the [[Battle of the Camel]].

	There are places in [[Medina]] associated with Aisha. The most famous of these is the [[chamber of the Prophet (s)]], which was Aisha's residence with the Prophet (s) and is now the burial place of the Prophet (s), located within [[al-Masjid an-Nabawi]] (the Prophet's Mosque). A column in al-Masjid an-Nabawi is also known by her name. The [[al-Tan'im Mosque]] in [[Mecca]] is also commonly known as Aisha's Mosque. Aisha is buried in [[al-Baqi Cemetery]] alongside the other wives of the Prophet.		There are places in [[Medina]] associated with Aisha. The most famous of these is the [[chamber of the Prophet (s)]], which was Aisha's residence with the Prophet (s) and is now the burial place of the Prophet (s), located within [[al-Masjid an-Nabawi]] (the Prophet's Mosque). A column in al-Masjid an-Nabawi is also known by her name. The [[al-Tan'im Mosque]] in [[Mecca]] is also commonly known as Aisha's Mosque. Aisha is buried in [[al-Baqi Cemetery]] alongside the other wives of the Prophet.

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	* ''Naqsh-i ʿĀʾisha dar tārīkh-i Islām'', ʿAskarī, Murtaḍā, trans. Sardārnīyā, ʿAṭā Muḥammad, Muʾassasa-yi ʿIlmī Farhangī-yi ʿAllāma ʿAskarī, 1390Sh.		* ''Naqsh-i ʿĀʾisha dar tārīkh-i Islām'', ʿAskarī, Murtaḍā, trans. Sardārnīyā, ʿAṭā Muḥammad, Muʾassasa-yi ʿIlmī Farhangī-yi ʿAllāma ʿAskarī, 1390Sh.
	{{end}}		{{end}}

			[[fa:عایشه]]

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Aisha's Tomb in Al-Baqi'

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	{{Main\|Shrine of the Wives of the Prophet (s)}}		{{Main\|Shrine of the Wives of the Prophet (s)}}

	According to her will, Aisha was buried in [[al-Baqi' Cemetery]], alongside the other [[wives of the Prophet (s)]].<ref>''Naqsh-i ʿĀʾisha dar tārīkh-i Islām'', vol. 1, p. 46; "Khuftigān dar Baqīʿ (13)", p. 49.</ref> Her grave is near the burial site of [[Jabir b. Abd Allah al-Ansari]].<ref>''Dānishnāma-yi Baqīʿ-i sharīf'', p. 154.</ref> Later, a walled enclosure without a roof was built over her grave and the graves of other wives of the Prophet who were buried beside her. In the 9th/15th century, a dome was constructed over it, which was called Qubbat al-Zawjat (The Dome of the Prophet's Wives).<ref>''Baqīʿ dar āyina-yi nigāra-hā-yi hunarī'', p. 23.</ref>		According to her will, Aisha was buried in [[al-Baqi' Cemetery]], alongside the other [[wives of the Prophet (s)]].<ref>''Naqsh-i ʿĀʾisha dar tārīkh-i Islām'', vol. 1, p. 46; "Khuftigān dar Baqīʿ (13)", p. 49.</ref> Her grave is near the burial site of [[Jabir b. 'Abd Allah al-Ansari]].<ref>''Dānishnāma-yi Baqīʿ-i sharīf'', p. 154.</ref> Later, a walled enclosure without a roof was built over her grave and the graves of other wives of the Prophet who were buried beside her. In the 9th/15th century, a dome was constructed over it, which was called Qubbat al-Zawjat (The Dome of the Prophet's Wives).<ref>''Baqīʿ dar āyina-yi nigāra-hā-yi hunarī'', p. 23.</ref>

	==Notes==		==Notes==

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The Sacred Chamber (al-Hujra al-Sharifa)

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	===The Sacred Chamber (al-Hujra al-Sharifa)===		===The Sacred Chamber (al-Hujra al-Sharifa)===

	{{Main\|~~Chamber of the~~ Prophet (s)}}		{{Main\|Prophet's Chamber}}

	According to the well-known view, the Prophet (s) is buried in Aisha's chamber (his residence with Aisha) within al-Masjid an-Nabawi. Later, Abu Bakr and 'Umar ~~b. al-Khattab~~ were also buried there.<ref>''Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 278.</ref>		According to the well-known view, the Prophet (s) is buried in Aisha's chamber (his residence with Aisha) within al-Masjid an-Nabawi. Later, Abu Bakr and 'Umar were also buried there.<ref>''Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna'', p. 278.</ref>

	===Aisha's Column===		===Aisha's Column===

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	==Places Associated with Aisha in Medina==		==Places Associated with Aisha in Medina==
	[[file:ستون عایشه در مسجد النبی.jpg\|[[Aisha's Column]] in [[al-Masjid an-Nabawi]]]]		[[file:ستون عایشه در مسجد النبی.jpg\|thumbnail\|[[Aisha's Column]] in [[al-Masjid an-Nabawi]]]]

	Aisha spent most of her life in Medina, and there are places in the city named after her or connected to her life.		Aisha spent most of her life in Medina, and there are places in the city named after her or connected to her life.

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 ==References==
 {{ref}}
 {{end}}

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	Aisha passed away in 57/676-77, 58/677-78,<ref>"A Re-examination of Aisha's Age at Marriage with the Prophet," p. 27; The History of the Prophet of Islam, p. 58; Encyclopedia of Hadith, p. 148.</ref> or 59/678-79,<ref>The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, p. 46.</ref> and [[Abu Hurayra]] led her funeral prayer.<ref>Tarikh al-Islam wa Wafayat al-Mashahir wa al-A'lam, vol. 4, p. 164.</ref>		Aisha passed away in 57/676-77, 58/677-78,<ref>"A Re-examination of Aisha's Age at Marriage with the Prophet," p. 27; The History of the Prophet of Islam, p. 58; Encyclopedia of Hadith, p. 148.</ref> or 59/678-79,<ref>The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, p. 46.</ref> and [[Abu Hurayra]] led her funeral prayer.<ref>Tarikh al-Islam wa Wafayat al-Mashahir wa al-A'lam, vol. 4, p. 164.</ref>

	During the Caliphate		===During the Caliphate===
	After the Prophet's ~~death~~, Aisha strongly supported the rule of her father Abu Bakr, then Umar b. al-Khattab, and even during the first half of Uthman b. Affan's caliphate, she was a staunch supporter of the government of the time.<ref>The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, p. 45.</ref> In the second half of Uthman's rule, she became dissatisfied with him, but after his assassination, she demanded revenge for his blood and confronted Imam Ali (a) in the Battle of the Camel.<ref>Encyclopedia of Hadith, p. 147.</ref>		After the Prophet's demise, Aisha strongly supported the rule of her father [[Abu Bakr]], then [['Umar b. al-Khattab]], and even during the first half of [['Uthman b. 'Affan]]'s caliphate, she was a staunch supporter of the government of the time.<ref>The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, p. 45.</ref> In the second half of 'Uthman's rule, she became dissatisfied with him, but after his assassination, she demanded revenge for his blood and confronted [[Imam Ali (a)]] in the [[Battle of the Camel]].<ref>Encyclopedia of Hadith, p. 147.</ref>

	Aisha was defeated in the Battle of the Camel, and Imam Ali (a) returned her to Medina with respect.<ref>The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, p. 46; Encyclopedia of Amir al-Mu'minin Based on the Quran, Hadith, and History, vol. 4, p. 415.</ref> She lived in Medina until Imam Ali's martyrdom (40 AH) and did not leave the city afterward.<ref>The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, p. 46.</ref> Due to Aisha's stance against Ali (a)—especially her role in the Battle of the ~~Camel—she~~ has faced criticism from Shi'a scholars,<ref>The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, pp. 205–206, vol. 3, p. 322; Al-Sahih min Sirat al-Nabi al-A'zam (s), vol. 3, p. 291; Encyclopedia of al-Baqi' al-Sharif, p. 449.</ref> and she also prevented the burial of Imam ~~Hasan~~ al-~~Mujtaba~~ (a) next to the Prophet.<ref>Encyclopedia of Amir al-Mu'minin Based on the Quran, Hadith, and History, vol. 4, p. 415.</ref>		Aisha was defeated in the Battle of the Camel, and Imam Ali (a) returned her to [[Medina]] with respect.<ref>The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, p. 46; Encyclopedia of Amir al-Mu'minin Based on the Quran, Hadith, and History, vol. 4, p. 415.</ref> She lived in Medina until Imam Ali's martyrdom (40/661) and did not leave the city afterward.<ref>The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, p. 46.</ref> Due to Aisha's stance against Ali (a) —especially her role in the Battle of the Camel— she has faced criticism from Shi'a scholars,<ref>The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, pp. 205–206, vol. 3, p. 322; Al-Sahih min Sirat al-Nabi al-A'zam (s), vol. 3, p. 291; Encyclopedia of al-Baqi' al-Sharif, p. 449.</ref> and she also prevented the burial of [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]] next to [[the Prophet (s)]].<ref>Encyclopedia of Amir al-Mu'minin Based on the Quran, Hadith, and History, vol. 4, p. 415.</ref>

	Status		==Status==
	Aisha is regarded as a prominent figure in the early Islamic period for her contributions in political, theological, hadith, and jurisprudential matters.<ref>"Clarifying the Scientific Role and Status of Aisha bint Abu Bakr…," p. 42.</ref> She is said to have been a jurist,<ref>Tahdhib al-Kamal fi Asma' al-Rijal, vol. 35, pp. 233–235; Encyclopedia of Hadith, p. 148.</ref> a Quran memorizer, an eloquent speaker,<ref>Encyclopedia of Amir al-Mu'minin Based on the Quran, Hadith, and History, vol. 4, p. 513.</ref> and was known for her remarkable memory.<ref>"Clarifying the Scientific Role and Status of Aisha bint Abu Bakr…," pp. 43 & 48; The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, p. 47.</ref> Sunni scholars have written extensively about her virtues.<ref>Tahdhib al-Kamal fi Asma' al-Rijal, vol. 35, pp. 233–235; Siyar A'lam al-Nubala', vol. 2, pp. 140–141.</ref> She narrated many hadiths from the ~~Messenger of Allah~~ (s);<ref>"Clarifying the Scientific Role and Status of Aisha bint Abu Bakr…," p. 42.</ref> it is said that after the Prophet's ~~death~~, she was a scholarly reference for the companions.<ref>Tahdhib al-Kamal fi Asma' al-Rijal, vol. 35, pp. 233–235; "Clarifying the Scientific Role and Status of Aisha bint Abu Bakr…," p. 42; Encyclopedia of Hadith, p. 148.</ref> After Abu ~~Hurayrah~~ and ~~Abdullah~~ b. Umar b. al-Khattab, she is the third most prolific narrator of hadith from the Prophet (s). The number of her hadiths is said to exceed two thousand.<ref>Encyclopedia of Hadith, p. 149.</ref>		Aisha is regarded as a prominent figure in the early Islamic period for her contributions in political, theological, hadith, and jurisprudential matters.<ref>"Clarifying the Scientific Role and Status of Aisha bint Abu Bakr…," p. 42.</ref> She is said to have been a jurist,<ref>Tahdhib al-Kamal fi Asma' al-Rijal, vol. 35, pp. 233–235; Encyclopedia of Hadith, p. 148.</ref> a Quran memorizer, an eloquent speaker,<ref>Encyclopedia of Amir al-Mu'minin Based on the Quran, Hadith, and History, vol. 4, p. 513.</ref> and was known for her remarkable memory.<ref>"Clarifying the Scientific Role and Status of Aisha bint Abu Bakr…," pp. 43 & 48; The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, p. 47.</ref> Sunni scholars have written extensively about her virtues.<ref>Tahdhib al-Kamal fi Asma' al-Rijal, vol. 35, pp. 233–235; Siyar A'lam al-Nubala', vol. 2, pp. 140–141.</ref> She narrated many hadiths from the Prophet (s);<ref>"Clarifying the Scientific Role and Status of Aisha bint Abu Bakr…," p. 42.</ref> it is said that after the Prophet's demise, she was a scholarly reference for the companions.<ref>Tahdhib al-Kamal fi Asma' al-Rijal, vol. 35, pp. 233–235; "Clarifying the Scientific Role and Status of Aisha bint Abu Bakr…," p. 42; Encyclopedia of Hadith, p. 148.</ref> After [[Abu Hurayra]] and [[Abd Allah b. 'Umar b. al-Khattab]], she is the third most prolific narrator of hadith from the Prophet (s). The number of her hadiths is said to exceed two thousand.<ref>Encyclopedia of Hadith, p. 149.</ref>

	Hadiths from Aisha include accounts about Masjid al-Haram<ref>See: Sirat b. Kathir, vol. 4, pp. 410 & 413.</ref> and other places like al-Baqi'; for instance, she narrated that the Prophet would visit al-Baqi' and pray for forgiveness for those buried there.<ref>Islamic Monuments of Mecca and Medina, Jafarian, p. 347.</ref>		Hadiths from Aisha include accounts about [[al-Masjid al-Haram]]<ref>See: Sirat b. Kathir, vol. 4, pp. 410 & 413.</ref> and other places like [[al-Baqi']]; for instance, she narrated that the Prophet would visit al-Baqi' and pray for forgiveness for those buried there.<ref>Islamic Monuments of Mecca and Medina, Jafarian, p. 347.</ref>

			==Places Associated with Aisha in Medina==
			[[پرونده:ستون عایشه در مسجد النبی.jpg\|بندانگشتی\|[[Aisha's Column]] in [[al-Masjid an-Nabawi]]]]

	~~Places Associated with Aisha in Medina~~
	~~![Aisha's Column in Al-Masjid an-Nabawi](ستون عایشه در مسجد النبی.jpg)~~
	Aisha spent most of her life in Medina, and there are places in the city named after her or connected to her life.		Aisha spent most of her life in Medina, and there are places in the city named after her or connected to her life.

	~~Masjid al~~-Tan'im		===Al-Tan'im Mosque===
	{{Main\|~~Masjid~~ al-Tan'im}}		{{Main\|al-Tan'im Mosque}}
	~~Masjid al~~-Tan'im is a site designated as a ~~Miqat~~ (place for donning ihram) for ~~Umrah~~ al-~~Mufradah~~. It was once popularly known as Aisha's Mosque because the Prophet (s) instructed her to assume ihram from this location.<ref>Islamic Monuments of Mecca and Medina, p. 172.</ref> An inscription from the mosque's renovation in 310 AH also mentions Aisha's name.<ref>Islamic Monuments of Mecca and Medina, p. 172.</ref>
			Al-Tan'im Mosque is a site designated as a [[miqat]] (place for donning [[ihram]]) for [[al-Umra al-Mufrada]]. It was once popularly known as Aisha's Mosque because the Prophet (s) instructed her to assume ihram from this location.<ref>Islamic Monuments of Mecca and Medina, p. 172.</ref> An inscription from the mosque's renovation in 310/922-23 also mentions Aisha's name.<ref>Islamic Monuments of Mecca and Medina, p. 172.</ref>

			===The Sacred Chamber (al-Hujra al-Sharifa)===

			{{Main\|Chamber of the Prophet (s)}}

	~~The Sacred Chamber (Hujrah Sharifah)~~		According to the well-known view, the Prophet (s) is buried in Aisha's chamber (his residence with Aisha) within al-Masjid an-Nabawi. Later, Abu Bakr and 'Umar b. al-Khattab were also buried there.<ref>Islamic Monuments of Mecca and Medina, p. 278.</ref>
	~~{{Main\|Chamber of the Messenger of Allah}}~~
	According to the well-known view, the Prophet (s) is buried in Aisha's chamber (his residence with Aisha) within Al-Masjid an-Nabawi. Later, Abu Bakr and Umar b. al-Khattab were also buried there.<ref>Islamic Monuments of Mecca and Medina, p. 278.</ref>

	Aisha's Column		===Aisha's Column===
	{{Main\|Aisha's Column}}		{{Main\|Aisha's Column}}
	One of the columns in the Prophet's Rawdah is called the Column of Aisha (As-Suwaydah). It is considered the third column from the Prophet's pulpit and tomb, next to the current mihrab.<ref>Encyclopedia of Hajj and the Two Holy Sanctuaries, vol. 2, p. 380.</ref> There is disagreement about the reason for its name. The common view is that it was named so because Aisha narrated a hadith about the virtue of praying beside this column, or possibly because she designated and identified its location.<ref>Encyclopedia of Hajj and the Two Holy Sanctuaries, vol. 2, p. 381.</ref>

	Aisha's Tomb in Al-Baqi'		One of the columns in [[the Prophet's Rawda]] is called the Aisha's Column. It is the third column from the Prophet's pulpit and tomb, next to the current mihrab.<ref>Encyclopedia of Hajj and the Two Holy Sanctuaries, vol. 2, p. 380.</ref> There is disagreement about the reason for its name. The common view is that it was named so because Aisha narrated a hadith about the virtue of praying beside this column, or possibly because she designated and identified its location.<ref>Encyclopedia of Hajj and the Two Holy Sanctuaries, vol. 2, p. 381.</ref>

			===Aisha's Tomb in Al-Baqi'===
	{{Main\|Shrine of the Wives of the Prophet (s)}}		{{Main\|Shrine of the Wives of the Prophet (s)}}
	According to her will, Aisha was buried in Al-Baqi' Cemetery, alongside the other ~~Mothers~~ of the ~~Believers~~.<ref>The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, p. 46; "The Sleepers of al-Baqi' (13)," p. 49.</ref> Her grave is near the burial site of Jabir b. ~~Abdullah~~ al-Ansari.<ref>Encyclopedia of al-Baqi' al-Sharif, p. 154.</ref> Later, ~~an open~~ enclosure was built over her grave and ~~those~~ of ~~some~~ of the ~~other wives~~ buried ~~nearby~~. In the 9th century AH, a dome was constructed over it, which ~~became known as~~ Qubbat al-Zawjat (The Dome of the Prophet's Wives).<ref>Al-Baqi' in the Mirror of Artistic Depictions, p. 23.</ref>
			According to her will, Aisha was buried in [[al-Baqi' Cemetery]], alongside the other [[wives of the Prophet (s)]].<ref>The Role of Aisha in the History of Islam, vol. 1, p. 46; "The Sleepers of al-Baqi' (13)," p. 49.</ref> Her grave is near the burial site of [[Jabir b. Abd Allah al-Ansari]].<ref>Encyclopedia of al-Baqi' al-Sharif, p. 154.</ref> Later, a walled enclosure without a roof was built over her grave and the graves of other wives of the Prophet who were buried beside her. In the 9th/15th century, a dome was constructed over it, which was called Qubbat al-Zawjat (The Dome of the Prophet's Wives).<ref>Al-Baqi' in the Mirror of Artistic Depictions, p. 23.</ref>

			==Notes==
			{{notes}}

			==References==
			{{ref}}
			{{end}}

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	==Places Associated with Aisha in Medina==		==Places Associated with Aisha in Medina==
	[[~~پرونده~~:ستون عایشه در مسجد النبی.jpg~~\|بندانگشتی~~\|[[Aisha's Column]] in [[al-Masjid an-Nabawi]]]]		[[file:ستون عایشه در مسجد النبی.jpg\|[[Aisha's Column]] in [[al-Masjid an-Nabawi]]]]

	Aisha spent most of her life in Medina, and there are places in the city named after her or connected to her life.		Aisha spent most of her life in Medina, and there are places in the city named after her or connected to her life.
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	==References==		==References==
	{{ref}}		{{ref}}
	• ''Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna'', Rasūl Jaʿfariyān, Tehran: Mashʿar, 1390Sh.		* ''Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna'', Rasūl Jaʿfariyān, Tehran: Mashʿar, 1390Sh.
	• ''Baqīʿ dar āyina-yi nigāra-hā-yi hunarī'', Aḥmad Khāmayār, Tehran: Mashʿar, 1403Sh.		* ''Baqīʿ dar āyina-yi nigāra-hā-yi hunarī'', Aḥmad Khāmayār, Tehran: Mashʿar, 1403Sh.
	• "Bāz pazhūhishī dar sinn-i ʿĀʾisha hingām-i izdiwāj bā Payāmbar", Jalālī Liqwān, Riḍā; Mīrsipāh, Akbar, ''Tārīkh-i Islām dar āyina-yi pazhūhish'', no. 2, Autumn and Winter, 1397Sh.		* "Bāz pazhūhishī dar sinn-i ʿĀʾisha hingām-i izdiwāj bā Payāmbar", Jalālī Liqwān, Riḍā; Mīrsipāh, Akbar, ''Tārīkh-i Islām dar āyina-yi pazhūhish'', no. 2, Autumn and Winter, 1397Sh.
	• ''Tārīkh al-Islām wa wafayāt al-mashāhīr wa al-aʿlām'', Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-Dhahabī, Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, 1409AH.		* ''Tārīkh al-Islām wa wafayāt al-mashāhīr wa al-aʿlām'', Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-Dhahabī, Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, 1409AH.
	• ''Tārīkh-i Payambar-i Islām'', Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Āyatī, Tehran: Dānishgāh-i Tihrān: 1391Sh.		* ''Tārīkh-i Payambar-i Islām'', Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Āyatī, Tehran: Dānishgāh-i Tihrān: 1391Sh.
	• "Tabyīn-i naqsh wa jāygāh-i ʿilmī-yi ʿĀʾisha bint Abī Bakr dar ḥawza-yi ʿulūm-i Qurʾān wa ḥadīth bar asās-i riwāyāt wa manābiʿ-i tārīkhī", Qāsimzāda, Iftikhār, ''Fiqh wa Tārīkh-i Tamaddun'', no. 2, 1401Sh.		* "Tabyīn-i naqsh wa jāygāh-i ʿilmī-yi ʿĀʾisha bint Abī Bakr dar ḥawza-yi ʿulūm-i Qurʾān wa ḥadīth bar asās-i riwāyāt wa manābiʿ-i tārīkhī", Qāsimzāda, Iftikhār, ''Fiqh wa Tārīkh-i Tamaddun'', no. 2, 1401Sh.
	• ''Tahdhīb al-kamāl fī asmāʾ al-rijāl'', Ḥāfiẓ al-Mizzī, Yūsuf b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risāla, 1406q.		* ''Tahdhīb al-kamāl fī asmāʾ al-rijāl'', Ḥāfiẓ al-Mizzī, Yūsuf b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risāla, 1406q.
	• "Khuftigān dar Baqīʿ (13)", Nawāʾī, ʿAlī Akbar, ''Mīqāt-i Ḥajj'', no. 79, Spring 1391Sh.		* "Khuftigān dar Baqīʿ (13)", Nawāʾī, ʿAlī Akbar, ''Mīqāt-i Ḥajj'', no. 79, Spring 1391Sh.
	• ''Dānishnāma-yi Amīr al-Muʾminīn bar pāya-yi Qurʾān, ḥadīth wa tārīkh'', Muḥammadī Riyshahrī, Muḥammad, trans. Masʿūdī, ʿAbd al-Hādī, Qum: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 1389Sh.		* ''Dānishnāma-yi Amīr al-Muʾminīn bar pāya-yi Qurʾān, ḥadīth wa tārīkh'', Muḥammadī Riyshahrī, Muḥammad, trans. Masʿūdī, ʿAbd al-Hādī, Qum: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 1389Sh.
	• ''Dānishnāma-yi Baqīʿ-i sharīf'', Nūrī, Muḥammad, Qum: Ṣaḥīfa-yi Khirad, 1394Sh.		* ''Dānishnāma-yi Baqīʿ-i sharīf'', Nūrī, Muḥammad, Qum: Ṣaḥīfa-yi Khirad, 1394Sh.
	• ''Dānishnāma-yi Ḥajj wa Ḥaramayn-i Sharīfayn'', vol. 2, Sāmānī, Sayyid Maḥmūd, Tehran: Mashʿar.		* ''Dānishnāma-yi Ḥajj wa Ḥaramayn-i Sharīfayn'', vol. 2, Sāmānī, Sayyid Maḥmūd, Tehran: Mashʿar.
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