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<div>{{Building<br />
| title = Wadi al-Qura<br />
| image =وادی_القری.png<br />
| image size = <br />
| image link = <br />
| image description = <br />
| other names = Wadi al-Ula<br />
| place = [[Medina]]<br />
| usage = <br />
| religious affiliation = Islam <br />
| beliefs = <br />
| rituals = <br />
| rulings = <br />
| pilgrims = <br />
| visitors = <br />
| time of construction = <br />
| founder = <br />
| events = Battle of Wadi al-Qura<br />
| reconstructions = <br />
| reconstructors = <br />
| missing parts = <br />
| historical features = <br />
| trustee = <br />
| space = Approximately 2391 km²<br />
| length = <br />
| width = <br />
| height = <br />
| status = <br />
| capacity = <br />
| facilities = <br />
| parts = <br />
| architect = <br />
| style = <br />
| properties = Fertile valleys and mountains<br />
| domes = <br />
| minarets = <br />
| doors = <br />
| porticos = <br />
| courts = <br />
| verandas = <br />
| affiliated entity = <br />
| maintaining entity = <br />
| administrator = <br />
| imam of prayer = <br />
| subsidiary entities = <br />
| registered in = <br />
| registration no. = <br />
| registration date = <br />
| website = <br />
| latitude = 37.904405<br />
| longitude = 26.687809<br />
| map description = <br />
}}<br />
{{Infobox city|latitude=|longitude=|important_events=|age=Pre-Islamic - Settlement of the people of Ad and Thamud|area=|image=|religions=Judaism and Islam|country=Saudi Arabia|features= carved .|total_population=Population in 2022 was 60,103}}<br />
<br />
'''Wadi al-Qura''' (Al-Ula) is a historical region in northwestern [[Medina]] in [[Saudi Arabia]], located on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Yemen]]. In ancient times, this area was inhabited by the people of Ad and Thamud, and in early Islam, it was a Jewish settlement. Wadi al-Qura witnessed important events such as the [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]] and the passage of the [[Prophet (PBUH)]] during the [[Battle of Tabuk]]. [[Imam Ali (a)]] also had endowments in this region. Today, al-Ula, with its historical attractions like [[Madain Saleh]] (a UNESCO World Heritage site), has become one of Saudi Arabia's significant cultural tourism destinations.<br />
<br />
== Name and Location ==<br />
Wadi al-Qura, now known as Wadi al-Ula,<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 224.</ref> is a long valley 300 km northwest of [[Medina]] on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Hejaz]].<ref>See: Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> To the south of this region lies [[Khaybar]], and due to its numerous interconnected villages, it became known as "Wadi al-Qura" (Valley of Villages).<ref>Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 3, p. 1087.</ref> This region, with an area of approximately 2391 square kilometers, had a population of 60,103 in 2022 CE and plays an important role in the development of Saudi tourism as an ancient oasis city.<ref>Official website [https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=c561dc4e372ce7af&sxsrf=AE3TifNVn-8dLdsotflo7YYoyc87oRx2Jw:1763021132707&q=این+منطقه+با+مساحتی+حدود+۲۳۹۱+کیلومتر+مربع،+در+سال+۲۰۲۲+جمعیتی+بالغ+بر+۶۰٬۱۰۳+نفر+داشته+و+به+عنوان+یک+شهر+واحهای+باستانی،+نقش+مهمی+در+توسعه+گردشگری+عربستان+ایفا+میکند.&source=lnms&fbs=AIIjpHxU7SXXniUZfeShr2fp4giZ1Y6MJ25_tmWITc7uy4KIeoJTKjrFjVxydQWqI2NcOhYPURIv2wPgv_w_sE_0Sc6Q2Uz8zlVUFOE6tcDqfo9WH77bvrGoZD2Ke11BgIAarKxhD4VpNPH84x7f3V9oyKgzQ0iW1Dl12uPzRpMveNk-q8SGm7g&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjEy-LC1e6QAxWkVaQEHTNcJsoQ0pQJegQIDhAB&biw=1022&bih=983&dpr=0.94 Saudi News]</ref><br />
<br />
== Ancient Times ==<br />
In ancient times, Wadi al-Qura was the home of the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]]. The important center of this region was "Qurh," where it is said the people of Ad perished.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 321.</ref> Al-Maqdisi reported in the fourth century AH that after [[Mecca]], there was no more prosperous place in all of [[Hejaz]] than the city of Qurh.<ref>Ahsan al-Taqasim, pp. 83 and 84.</ref><br />
[[File:وادی القری 1.webp|thumb|Al-Hijr or Madain Saleh]]<br />
The historical city of "Al-Hijr" or "[[Madain Saleh]]" 22 km north of AlUla is another area in this wadi<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 97.</ref> which is said to have been the dwelling place of the people of [[Thamud]]<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221; Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 1, p. 381; Tarikh Ibn Khaldun, vol. 2, p. 24.</ref> and is mentioned in the [[Quran]].<ref>Surah Al-A'raf, verse 74.</ref> This city is the first [[Saudi Arabia]]n site inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list.<ref>Official UNESCO website [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1293]</ref> Some sources attribute the emergence of Prophet Salih's she-camel from the mountain to this very region.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221.</ref><br />
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== Wadi al-Qura in Early Islam ==<br />
After the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]], Jews settled in this region and cultivated its lands. Then some Arab tribes such as Quda'a, Juhaynah, Udhra, and Baliy settled there. In [[early Islam]], Wadi al-Qura was one of the important Jewish centers in [[Hejaz]], and the Battle of Wadi al-Qura took place in this region.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 84.</ref><br />
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=== Battle of Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
{{Main|Battle of Wadi al-Qura}}One of the most important historical events in Wadi al-Qura was the Battle of Wadi al-Qura in Jumada al-Thani of the seventh Hijri year. [[Muhammad|The Holy Prophet (s)]], after conquering [[Khaybar]], headed to Wadi al-Qura and invited the [[Jews in Hejaz|Jews]] residing there to [[Islam]]. After the Jews refused to accept Islam, a battle ensued, and eventually, the Jews surrendered. The Prophet (s) took their possessions as spoils; however, he left their lands and palm trees to them so that they would cooperate with the Muslims as tribute-payers.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, pp. 709-711.</ref><br />
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=== Prophet's Passage through Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
[[Muhammad|The Prophet of Islam (s)]] passed through this region during the [[Battle of Tabuk]] and prayed there.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> It is reported that the Banu Urayd Jews brought a food called "Harisa" to the Prophet (s) during this journey, and he ate from it.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, p. 2006.</ref><br />
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== Endowments of Imam Ali (a) in Wadi al-Qura ==<br />
[[Imam Ali (a)]] had numerous properties and [[Endowments of Imam Ali (a)|endowments]] in Wadi al-Qura, which he dedicated for the sake of God.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Nadir, vol. 4, p. 123; Nahj al-Sa'adah, vol. 2, p. 217.</ref> Among these endowments was a spring called "[[Well of the She-Camel]]" in the Birah region of Wadi al-Qura.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, p. 223.</ref><br />
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According to historical reports, these endowments were subject to claims and disputes in later periods and were eventually restored to their endowed purpose.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, pp. 223 and 224.</ref> According to a narration from Imam Ali (a), all properties located in the Wadi al-Qura region belonged to the children of [[Fatima Zahra|Fatima (sa)]], and its slaves would also be endowed.<ref>Furu' al-Kafi, vol. 7, p. 49.</ref><br />
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== In the Works of Muslim Geographers ==<br />
Ibn al-Kalbi, a historian (d. 204 AH), considered Wadi al-Qura the most prosperous region in the [[Arabian Peninsula]],<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 338.</ref> and Muhammad al-Himyari in the ninth century AH described it as having many palm groves and springs, where the descendants of [[Ja'far ibn Abi Talib]] (known as al-Wadiyyin) resided.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar, p. 602.</ref><br />
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== See Also ==<br />
<br />
* [[Madain Saleh]]<br />
* [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]]<br />
* [[Endowments of Imam Ali (a)]]<br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:وادی القری 3.png|Modern AlUla city<br />
File:وادی القری 11.jpg|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 2.png|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 4.png|Historical and old area<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
*'''Ahsan al-Taqasim fi Ma'rifat al-Aqalim''', Maqdisi Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad (d. 380 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, undated.<br />
*'''Atlas Amakin Makkah al-Mukarramah wa Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Deputy for Education and Research of the Office of the Supreme Leader, unknown place, unknown publisher, undated.<br />
*'''Imta' al-Asma' bima lil-Nabi min al-Ahwal wa al-Amwal wa al-Hafadah wa al-Mata''', Maqrizi Ahmad ibn Ali (d. 845 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Hamid al-Nimisi, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah, 1420 AH.<br />
*'''Ansab al-Ashraf''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), edited by Suhayl Zakkar and Riyad Zirikli, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1417 AH.<br />
*'''Bihar al-Anwar''', Allamah Majlisi (d. 1110 AH), Tehran, Islamiya Publications, undated.<br />
*'''Tarikh Ibn Khaldun (Diwan al-Mubtada' wa al-Khabar...)''', Ibn Khaldun Abd al-Rahman (d. 808 AH), edited by Khalil Shahadah, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1408 AH.<br />
*'''Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Ibn Shabbah Numayri Umar (d. 262 AH), edited by Fahim Muhammad Shaltut, Qom, Dar al-Fikr, 1410 AH.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar fi Khabar al-Aqtar''', Himyari Muhammad ibn Abd al-Mun'im (d. 900 AH), edited by Ihsan Abbas, Beirut, Maktabat Lubnan, 1984 CE.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Nadir''', Zayd ibn Ali (?), commentary and editing by Husayn Siyaghi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, undated.<br />
*'''Futuh al-Buldan''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), Beirut, Dar wa Maktabat al-Hilal, 1988 CE.<br />
*'''Furu' al-Kafi''', Kulayni Muhammad ibn Ya'qub (d. 329 AH), edited by Muhammad Husayn Rahimian, Qom, Nashr Quds, 1388 SH.<br />
*'''Al-Maghazi''', Waqidi Muhammad ibn Umar (d. 207 AH), edited by Marsden Jones, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-A'lami, 1409 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Ibn Abd al-Haqq Abd al-Mu'min ibn Abd al-Haqq (d. 739 AH), edited by Ali Muhammad al-Bajawi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, 1412 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Sharab Muhammad Muhammad Hasan (15th century AH), Beirut, Dar al-Shamiyah, 1411 AH.<br />
*'''Makarim al-Akhlaq''', Tabarsi Hasan ibn Fadl (6th century AH), translated by Ahmad Ahmadzadeh, Qom, Nur al-Zahra, 1390 SH.<br />
*'''Mu'jam al-Buldan''', Yaqut Hamawi (d. 626 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, 1995 CE.<br />
*'''Nahj al-Sa'adah fi Mustadrak Nahj al-Balaghah''', Mahmudi Muhammad Baqir (d. 1427 AH), Tehran, Ministry of Culture, 1418 AH.<br />
*'''Hejaz dar Sadr Islam''', Ali Salih Ahmad, translated by Abd al-Muhammad Ayati, Tehran, Mash'ar, 1375 SH.{{End}}<br />
[[Category:Historical places in Saudi Arabia]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
[[ar:وادي القرى]]<br />
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[[fa:وادی القری]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Wadi_al-Qura&diff=4228Wadi al-Qura2026-10-10T06:13:12Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Battle of Wadi al-Qura */</p>
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<div>{{Building<br />
| title = Wadi al-Qura<br />
| image =وادی_القری.png<br />
| image size = <br />
| image link = <br />
| image description = <br />
| other names = Dhu Aynayn<br />
| place = [[Medina]]<br />
| usage = <br />
| religious affiliation = Islam <br />
| beliefs = <br />
| rituals = <br />
| rulings = <br />
| pilgrims = <br />
| visitors = <br />
| time of construction = <br />
| founder = <br />
| events = Battle of Wadi al-Qura<br />
| reconstructions = <br />
| reconstructors = <br />
| missing parts = <br />
| historical features = <br />
| trustee = <br />
| space = Approximately 2391 km²<br />
| length = <br />
| width = <br />
| height = <br />
| status = <br />
| capacity = <br />
| facilities = <br />
| parts = <br />
| architect = <br />
| style = <br />
| properties = Fertile valleys and mountains<br />
| domes = <br />
| minarets = <br />
| doors = <br />
| porticos = <br />
| courts = <br />
| verandas = <br />
| affiliated entity = <br />
| maintaining entity = <br />
| administrator = <br />
| imam of prayer = <br />
| subsidiary entities = <br />
| registered in = <br />
| registration no. = <br />
| registration date = <br />
| website = <br />
| latitude = 37.904405<br />
| longitude = 26.687809<br />
| map description = <br />
}}<br />
{{Infobox city|latitude=|longitude=|important_events=|age=Pre-Islamic - Settlement of the people of Ad and Thamud|area=|image=|religions=Judaism and Islam|country=Saudi Arabia|features= carved .|total_population=Population in 2022 was 60,103}}<br />
<br />
'''Wadi al-Qura''' (Al-Ula) is a historical region in northwestern [[Medina]] in [[Saudi Arabia]], located on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Yemen]]. In ancient times, this area was inhabited by the people of Ad and Thamud, and in early Islam, it was a Jewish settlement. Wadi al-Qura witnessed important events such as the [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]] and the passage of the [[Prophet (PBUH)]] during the [[Battle of Tabuk]]. [[Imam Ali (AS)]] also had endowments in this region. Today, al-Ula, with its historical attractions like [[Madain Saleh]] (a UNESCO World Heritage site), has become one of Saudi Arabia's significant cultural tourism destinations.<br />
<br />
== Name and Location ==<br />
Wadi al-Qura, now known as Wadi al-Ula,<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 224.</ref> is a long valley 300 km northwest of [[Medina]] on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Hejaz]].<ref>See: Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> To the south of this region lies [[Khaybar]], and due to its numerous interconnected villages, it became known as "Wadi al-Qura" (Valley of Villages).<ref>Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 3, p. 1087.</ref> This region, with an area of approximately 2391 square kilometers, had a population of 60,103 in 2022 CE and plays an important role in the development of Saudi tourism as an ancient oasis city.<ref>Official website [https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=c561dc4e372ce7af&sxsrf=AE3TifNVn-8dLdsotflo7YYoyc87oRx2Jw:1763021132707&q=این+منطقه+با+مساحتی+حدود+۲۳۹۱+کیلومتر+مربع،+در+سال+۲۰۲۲+جمعیتی+بالغ+بر+۶۰٬۱۰۳+نفر+داشته+و+به+عنوان+یک+شهر+واحهای+باستانی،+نقش+مهمی+در+توسعه+گردشگری+عربستان+ایفا+میکند.&source=lnms&fbs=AIIjpHxU7SXXniUZfeShr2fp4giZ1Y6MJ25_tmWITc7uy4KIeoJTKjrFjVxydQWqI2NcOhYPURIv2wPgv_w_sE_0Sc6Q2Uz8zlVUFOE6tcDqfo9WH77bvrGoZD2Ke11BgIAarKxhD4VpNPH84x7f3V9oyKgzQ0iW1Dl12uPzRpMveNk-q8SGm7g&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjEy-LC1e6QAxWkVaQEHTNcJsoQ0pQJegQIDhAB&biw=1022&bih=983&dpr=0.94 Saudi News]</ref><br />
<br />
== Ancient Times ==<br />
In ancient times, Wadi al-Qura was the home of the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]]. The important center of this region was "Qurh," where it is said the people of Ad perished.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 321.</ref> Al-Maqdisi reported in the fourth century AH that after [[Mecca]], there was no more prosperous place in all of [[Hejaz]] than the city of Qurh.<ref>Ahsan al-Taqasim, pp. 83 and 84.</ref><br />
[[File:وادی القری 1.webp|thumb|Al-Hijr or Madain Saleh]]<br />
The historical city of "Al-Hijr" or "[[Madain Saleh]]" 22 km north of AlUla is another area in this wadi<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 97.</ref> which is said to have been the dwelling place of the people of [[Thamud]]<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221; Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 1, p. 381; Tarikh Ibn Khaldun, vol. 2, p. 24.</ref> and is mentioned in the [[Quran]].<ref>Surah Al-A'raf, verse 74.</ref> This city is the first [[Saudi Arabia]]n site inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list.<ref>Official UNESCO website [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1293]</ref> Some sources attribute the emergence of Prophet Salih's she-camel from the mountain to this very region.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221.</ref><br />
<br />
== Wadi al-Qura in Early Islam ==<br />
After the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]], Jews settled in this region and cultivated its lands. Then some Arab tribes such as Quda'a, Juhaynah, Udhra, and Baliy settled there. In [[early Islam]], Wadi al-Qura was one of the important Jewish centers in [[Hejaz]], and the Battle of Wadi al-Qura took place in this region.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 84.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Battle of Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
{{Main|Battle of Wadi al-Qura}}One of the most important historical events in Wadi al-Qura was the Battle of Wadi al-Qura in Jumada al-Thani of the seventh Hijri year. [[Muhammad|The Holy Prophet (s)]], after conquering [[Khaybar]], headed to Wadi al-Qura and invited the [[Jews in Hejaz|Jews]] residing there to [[Islam]]. After the Jews refused to accept Islam, a battle ensued, and eventually, the Jews surrendered. The Prophet (s) took their possessions as spoils; however, he left their lands and palm trees to them so that they would cooperate with the Muslims as tribute-payers.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, pp. 709-711.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Prophet's Passage through Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
[[Muhammad|The Prophet of Islam (s)]] passed through this region during the [[Battle of Tabuk]] and prayed there.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> It is reported that the Banu Urayd Jews brought a food called "Harisa" to the Prophet (s) during this journey, and he ate from it.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, p. 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
== Endowments of Imam Ali (a) in Wadi al-Qura ==<br />
[[Imam Ali (a)]] had numerous properties and [[Endowments of Imam Ali (a)|endowments]] in Wadi al-Qura, which he dedicated for the sake of God.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Nadir, vol. 4, p. 123; Nahj al-Sa'adah, vol. 2, p. 217.</ref> Among these endowments was a spring called "[[Well of the She-Camel]]" in the Birah region of Wadi al-Qura.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, p. 223.</ref><br />
<br />
According to historical reports, these endowments were subject to claims and disputes in later periods and were eventually restored to their endowed purpose.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, pp. 223 and 224.</ref> According to a narration from Imam Ali (a), all properties located in the Wadi al-Qura region belonged to the children of [[Fatima Zahra|Fatima (sa)]], and its slaves would also be endowed.<ref>Furu' al-Kafi, vol. 7, p. 49.</ref><br />
<br />
== In the Works of Muslim Geographers ==<br />
Ibn al-Kalbi, a historian (d. 204 AH), considered Wadi al-Qura the most prosperous region in the [[Arabian Peninsula]],<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 338.</ref> and Muhammad al-Himyari in the ninth century AH described it as having many palm groves and springs, where the descendants of [[Ja'far ibn Abi Talib]] (known as al-Wadiyyin) resided.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar, p. 602.</ref><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
* [[Madain Saleh]]<br />
* [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]]<br />
* [[Endowments of Imam Ali (a)]]<br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:وادی القری 3.png|Modern AlUla city<br />
File:وادی القری 11.jpg|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 2.png|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 4.png|Historical and old area<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
*'''Ahsan al-Taqasim fi Ma'rifat al-Aqalim''', Maqdisi Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad (d. 380 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, undated.<br />
*'''Atlas Amakin Makkah al-Mukarramah wa Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Deputy for Education and Research of the Office of the Supreme Leader, unknown place, unknown publisher, undated.<br />
*'''Imta' al-Asma' bima lil-Nabi min al-Ahwal wa al-Amwal wa al-Hafadah wa al-Mata''', Maqrizi Ahmad ibn Ali (d. 845 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Hamid al-Nimisi, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah, 1420 AH.<br />
*'''Ansab al-Ashraf''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), edited by Suhayl Zakkar and Riyad Zirikli, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1417 AH.<br />
*'''Bihar al-Anwar''', Allamah Majlisi (d. 1110 AH), Tehran, Islamiya Publications, undated.<br />
*'''Tarikh Ibn Khaldun (Diwan al-Mubtada' wa al-Khabar...)''', Ibn Khaldun Abd al-Rahman (d. 808 AH), edited by Khalil Shahadah, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1408 AH.<br />
*'''Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Ibn Shabbah Numayri Umar (d. 262 AH), edited by Fahim Muhammad Shaltut, Qom, Dar al-Fikr, 1410 AH.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar fi Khabar al-Aqtar''', Himyari Muhammad ibn Abd al-Mun'im (d. 900 AH), edited by Ihsan Abbas, Beirut, Maktabat Lubnan, 1984 CE.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Nadir''', Zayd ibn Ali (?), commentary and editing by Husayn Siyaghi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, undated.<br />
*'''Futuh al-Buldan''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), Beirut, Dar wa Maktabat al-Hilal, 1988 CE.<br />
*'''Furu' al-Kafi''', Kulayni Muhammad ibn Ya'qub (d. 329 AH), edited by Muhammad Husayn Rahimian, Qom, Nashr Quds, 1388 SH.<br />
*'''Al-Maghazi''', Waqidi Muhammad ibn Umar (d. 207 AH), edited by Marsden Jones, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-A'lami, 1409 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Ibn Abd al-Haqq Abd al-Mu'min ibn Abd al-Haqq (d. 739 AH), edited by Ali Muhammad al-Bajawi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, 1412 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Sharab Muhammad Muhammad Hasan (15th century AH), Beirut, Dar al-Shamiyah, 1411 AH.<br />
*'''Makarim al-Akhlaq''', Tabarsi Hasan ibn Fadl (6th century AH), translated by Ahmad Ahmadzadeh, Qom, Nur al-Zahra, 1390 SH.<br />
*'''Mu'jam al-Buldan''', Yaqut Hamawi (d. 626 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, 1995 CE.<br />
*'''Nahj al-Sa'adah fi Mustadrak Nahj al-Balaghah''', Mahmudi Muhammad Baqir (d. 1427 AH), Tehran, Ministry of Culture, 1418 AH.<br />
*'''Hejaz dar Sadr Islam''', Ali Salih Ahmad, translated by Abd al-Muhammad Ayati, Tehran, Mash'ar, 1375 SH.{{End}}<br />
[[Category:Historical places in Saudi Arabia]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
[[ar:وادي القرى]]<br />
<br />
[[fa:وادی القری]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Wadi_al-Qura&diff=4227Wadi al-Qura2026-10-10T06:12:36Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Battle of Wadi al-Qura */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Building<br />
| title = Wadi al-Qura<br />
| image =وادی_القری.png<br />
| image size = <br />
| image link = <br />
| image description = <br />
| other names = Dhu Aynayn<br />
| place = [[Medina]]<br />
| usage = <br />
| religious affiliation = Islam <br />
| beliefs = <br />
| rituals = <br />
| rulings = <br />
| pilgrims = <br />
| visitors = <br />
| time of construction = <br />
| founder = <br />
| events = Battle of Wadi al-Qura<br />
| reconstructions = <br />
| reconstructors = <br />
| missing parts = <br />
| historical features = <br />
| trustee = <br />
| space = Approximately 2391 km²<br />
| length = <br />
| width = <br />
| height = <br />
| status = <br />
| capacity = <br />
| facilities = <br />
| parts = <br />
| architect = <br />
| style = <br />
| properties = Fertile valleys and mountains<br />
| domes = <br />
| minarets = <br />
| doors = <br />
| porticos = <br />
| courts = <br />
| verandas = <br />
| affiliated entity = <br />
| maintaining entity = <br />
| administrator = <br />
| imam of prayer = <br />
| subsidiary entities = <br />
| registered in = <br />
| registration no. = <br />
| registration date = <br />
| website = <br />
| latitude = 37.904405<br />
| longitude = 26.687809<br />
| map description = <br />
}}<br />
{{Infobox city|latitude=|longitude=|important_events=|age=Pre-Islamic - Settlement of the people of Ad and Thamud|area=|image=|religions=Judaism and Islam|country=Saudi Arabia|features= carved .|total_population=Population in 2022 was 60,103}}<br />
<br />
'''Wadi al-Qura''' (Al-Ula) is a historical region in northwestern [[Medina]] in [[Saudi Arabia]], located on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Yemen]]. In ancient times, this area was inhabited by the people of Ad and Thamud, and in early Islam, it was a Jewish settlement. Wadi al-Qura witnessed important events such as the [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]] and the passage of the [[Prophet (PBUH)]] during the [[Battle of Tabuk]]. [[Imam Ali (AS)]] also had endowments in this region. Today, al-Ula, with its historical attractions like [[Madain Saleh]] (a UNESCO World Heritage site), has become one of Saudi Arabia's significant cultural tourism destinations.<br />
<br />
== Name and Location ==<br />
Wadi al-Qura, now known as Wadi al-Ula,<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 224.</ref> is a long valley 300 km northwest of [[Medina]] on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Hejaz]].<ref>See: Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> To the south of this region lies [[Khaybar]], and due to its numerous interconnected villages, it became known as "Wadi al-Qura" (Valley of Villages).<ref>Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 3, p. 1087.</ref> This region, with an area of approximately 2391 square kilometers, had a population of 60,103 in 2022 CE and plays an important role in the development of Saudi tourism as an ancient oasis city.<ref>Official website [https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=c561dc4e372ce7af&sxsrf=AE3TifNVn-8dLdsotflo7YYoyc87oRx2Jw:1763021132707&q=این+منطقه+با+مساحتی+حدود+۲۳۹۱+کیلومتر+مربع،+در+سال+۲۰۲۲+جمعیتی+بالغ+بر+۶۰٬۱۰۳+نفر+داشته+و+به+عنوان+یک+شهر+واحهای+باستانی،+نقش+مهمی+در+توسعه+گردشگری+عربستان+ایفا+میکند.&source=lnms&fbs=AIIjpHxU7SXXniUZfeShr2fp4giZ1Y6MJ25_tmWITc7uy4KIeoJTKjrFjVxydQWqI2NcOhYPURIv2wPgv_w_sE_0Sc6Q2Uz8zlVUFOE6tcDqfo9WH77bvrGoZD2Ke11BgIAarKxhD4VpNPH84x7f3V9oyKgzQ0iW1Dl12uPzRpMveNk-q8SGm7g&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjEy-LC1e6QAxWkVaQEHTNcJsoQ0pQJegQIDhAB&biw=1022&bih=983&dpr=0.94 Saudi News]</ref><br />
<br />
== Ancient Times ==<br />
In ancient times, Wadi al-Qura was the home of the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]]. The important center of this region was "Qurh," where it is said the people of Ad perished.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 321.</ref> Al-Maqdisi reported in the fourth century AH that after [[Mecca]], there was no more prosperous place in all of [[Hejaz]] than the city of Qurh.<ref>Ahsan al-Taqasim, pp. 83 and 84.</ref><br />
[[File:وادی القری 1.webp|thumb|Al-Hijr or Madain Saleh]]<br />
The historical city of "Al-Hijr" or "[[Madain Saleh]]" 22 km north of AlUla is another area in this wadi<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 97.</ref> which is said to have been the dwelling place of the people of [[Thamud]]<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221; Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 1, p. 381; Tarikh Ibn Khaldun, vol. 2, p. 24.</ref> and is mentioned in the [[Quran]].<ref>Surah Al-A'raf, verse 74.</ref> This city is the first [[Saudi Arabia]]n site inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list.<ref>Official UNESCO website [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1293]</ref> Some sources attribute the emergence of Prophet Salih's she-camel from the mountain to this very region.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221.</ref><br />
<br />
== Wadi al-Qura in Early Islam ==<br />
After the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]], Jews settled in this region and cultivated its lands. Then some Arab tribes such as Quda'a, Juhaynah, Udhra, and Baliy settled there. In [[early Islam]], Wadi al-Qura was one of the important Jewish centers in [[Hejaz]], and the Battle of Wadi al-Qura took place in this region.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 84.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Battle of Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
{{Main|Battle of Wadi al-Qura}}One of the most important historical events in Wadi al-Qura was the Battle of Wadi al-Qura in Jumada al-Thani of the seventh Hijri year. [[Muhammad|The Holy Prophet (PBUH)]], after conquering [[Khaybar]], headed to Wadi al-Qura and invited the [[Jews in Hejaz|Jews]] residing there to [[Islam]]. After the Jews refused to accept Islam, a battle ensued, and eventually, the Jews surrendered. The Prophet (s) took their possessions as spoils; however, he left their lands and palm trees to them so that they would cooperate with the Muslims as tribute-payers.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, pp. 709-711.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Prophet's Passage through Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
[[Muhammad|The Prophet of Islam (s)]] passed through this region during the [[Battle of Tabuk]] and prayed there.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> It is reported that the Banu Urayd Jews brought a food called "Harisa" to the Prophet (s) during this journey, and he ate from it.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, p. 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
== Endowments of Imam Ali (a) in Wadi al-Qura ==<br />
[[Imam Ali (a)]] had numerous properties and [[Endowments of Imam Ali (a)|endowments]] in Wadi al-Qura, which he dedicated for the sake of God.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Nadir, vol. 4, p. 123; Nahj al-Sa'adah, vol. 2, p. 217.</ref> Among these endowments was a spring called "[[Well of the She-Camel]]" in the Birah region of Wadi al-Qura.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, p. 223.</ref><br />
<br />
According to historical reports, these endowments were subject to claims and disputes in later periods and were eventually restored to their endowed purpose.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, pp. 223 and 224.</ref> According to a narration from Imam Ali (a), all properties located in the Wadi al-Qura region belonged to the children of [[Fatima Zahra|Fatima (sa)]], and its slaves would also be endowed.<ref>Furu' al-Kafi, vol. 7, p. 49.</ref><br />
<br />
== In the Works of Muslim Geographers ==<br />
Ibn al-Kalbi, a historian (d. 204 AH), considered Wadi al-Qura the most prosperous region in the [[Arabian Peninsula]],<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 338.</ref> and Muhammad al-Himyari in the ninth century AH described it as having many palm groves and springs, where the descendants of [[Ja'far ibn Abi Talib]] (known as al-Wadiyyin) resided.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar, p. 602.</ref><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
* [[Madain Saleh]]<br />
* [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]]<br />
* [[Endowments of Imam Ali (a)]]<br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:وادی القری 3.png|Modern AlUla city<br />
File:وادی القری 11.jpg|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 2.png|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 4.png|Historical and old area<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
*'''Ahsan al-Taqasim fi Ma'rifat al-Aqalim''', Maqdisi Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad (d. 380 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, undated.<br />
*'''Atlas Amakin Makkah al-Mukarramah wa Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Deputy for Education and Research of the Office of the Supreme Leader, unknown place, unknown publisher, undated.<br />
*'''Imta' al-Asma' bima lil-Nabi min al-Ahwal wa al-Amwal wa al-Hafadah wa al-Mata''', Maqrizi Ahmad ibn Ali (d. 845 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Hamid al-Nimisi, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah, 1420 AH.<br />
*'''Ansab al-Ashraf''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), edited by Suhayl Zakkar and Riyad Zirikli, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1417 AH.<br />
*'''Bihar al-Anwar''', Allamah Majlisi (d. 1110 AH), Tehran, Islamiya Publications, undated.<br />
*'''Tarikh Ibn Khaldun (Diwan al-Mubtada' wa al-Khabar...)''', Ibn Khaldun Abd al-Rahman (d. 808 AH), edited by Khalil Shahadah, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1408 AH.<br />
*'''Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Ibn Shabbah Numayri Umar (d. 262 AH), edited by Fahim Muhammad Shaltut, Qom, Dar al-Fikr, 1410 AH.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar fi Khabar al-Aqtar''', Himyari Muhammad ibn Abd al-Mun'im (d. 900 AH), edited by Ihsan Abbas, Beirut, Maktabat Lubnan, 1984 CE.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Nadir''', Zayd ibn Ali (?), commentary and editing by Husayn Siyaghi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, undated.<br />
*'''Futuh al-Buldan''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), Beirut, Dar wa Maktabat al-Hilal, 1988 CE.<br />
*'''Furu' al-Kafi''', Kulayni Muhammad ibn Ya'qub (d. 329 AH), edited by Muhammad Husayn Rahimian, Qom, Nashr Quds, 1388 SH.<br />
*'''Al-Maghazi''', Waqidi Muhammad ibn Umar (d. 207 AH), edited by Marsden Jones, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-A'lami, 1409 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Ibn Abd al-Haqq Abd al-Mu'min ibn Abd al-Haqq (d. 739 AH), edited by Ali Muhammad al-Bajawi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, 1412 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Sharab Muhammad Muhammad Hasan (15th century AH), Beirut, Dar al-Shamiyah, 1411 AH.<br />
*'''Makarim al-Akhlaq''', Tabarsi Hasan ibn Fadl (6th century AH), translated by Ahmad Ahmadzadeh, Qom, Nur al-Zahra, 1390 SH.<br />
*'''Mu'jam al-Buldan''', Yaqut Hamawi (d. 626 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, 1995 CE.<br />
*'''Nahj al-Sa'adah fi Mustadrak Nahj al-Balaghah''', Mahmudi Muhammad Baqir (d. 1427 AH), Tehran, Ministry of Culture, 1418 AH.<br />
*'''Hejaz dar Sadr Islam''', Ali Salih Ahmad, translated by Abd al-Muhammad Ayati, Tehran, Mash'ar, 1375 SH.{{End}}<br />
[[Category:Historical places in Saudi Arabia]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
[[ar:وادي القرى]]<br />
<br />
[[fa:وادی القری]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Wadi_al-Qura&diff=4226Wadi al-Qura2026-10-10T06:11:51Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Prophet's Passage through Wadi al-Qura */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Building<br />
| title = Wadi al-Qura<br />
| image =وادی_القری.png<br />
| image size = <br />
| image link = <br />
| image description = <br />
| other names = Dhu Aynayn<br />
| place = [[Medina]]<br />
| usage = <br />
| religious affiliation = Islam <br />
| beliefs = <br />
| rituals = <br />
| rulings = <br />
| pilgrims = <br />
| visitors = <br />
| time of construction = <br />
| founder = <br />
| events = Battle of Wadi al-Qura<br />
| reconstructions = <br />
| reconstructors = <br />
| missing parts = <br />
| historical features = <br />
| trustee = <br />
| space = Approximately 2391 km²<br />
| length = <br />
| width = <br />
| height = <br />
| status = <br />
| capacity = <br />
| facilities = <br />
| parts = <br />
| architect = <br />
| style = <br />
| properties = Fertile valleys and mountains<br />
| domes = <br />
| minarets = <br />
| doors = <br />
| porticos = <br />
| courts = <br />
| verandas = <br />
| affiliated entity = <br />
| maintaining entity = <br />
| administrator = <br />
| imam of prayer = <br />
| subsidiary entities = <br />
| registered in = <br />
| registration no. = <br />
| registration date = <br />
| website = <br />
| latitude = 37.904405<br />
| longitude = 26.687809<br />
| map description = <br />
}}<br />
{{Infobox city|latitude=|longitude=|important_events=|age=Pre-Islamic - Settlement of the people of Ad and Thamud|area=|image=|religions=Judaism and Islam|country=Saudi Arabia|features= carved .|total_population=Population in 2022 was 60,103}}<br />
<br />
'''Wadi al-Qura''' (Al-Ula) is a historical region in northwestern [[Medina]] in [[Saudi Arabia]], located on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Yemen]]. In ancient times, this area was inhabited by the people of Ad and Thamud, and in early Islam, it was a Jewish settlement. Wadi al-Qura witnessed important events such as the [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]] and the passage of the [[Prophet (PBUH)]] during the [[Battle of Tabuk]]. [[Imam Ali (AS)]] also had endowments in this region. Today, al-Ula, with its historical attractions like [[Madain Saleh]] (a UNESCO World Heritage site), has become one of Saudi Arabia's significant cultural tourism destinations.<br />
<br />
== Name and Location ==<br />
Wadi al-Qura, now known as Wadi al-Ula,<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 224.</ref> is a long valley 300 km northwest of [[Medina]] on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Hejaz]].<ref>See: Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> To the south of this region lies [[Khaybar]], and due to its numerous interconnected villages, it became known as "Wadi al-Qura" (Valley of Villages).<ref>Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 3, p. 1087.</ref> This region, with an area of approximately 2391 square kilometers, had a population of 60,103 in 2022 CE and plays an important role in the development of Saudi tourism as an ancient oasis city.<ref>Official website [https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=c561dc4e372ce7af&sxsrf=AE3TifNVn-8dLdsotflo7YYoyc87oRx2Jw:1763021132707&q=این+منطقه+با+مساحتی+حدود+۲۳۹۱+کیلومتر+مربع،+در+سال+۲۰۲۲+جمعیتی+بالغ+بر+۶۰٬۱۰۳+نفر+داشته+و+به+عنوان+یک+شهر+واحهای+باستانی،+نقش+مهمی+در+توسعه+گردشگری+عربستان+ایفا+میکند.&source=lnms&fbs=AIIjpHxU7SXXniUZfeShr2fp4giZ1Y6MJ25_tmWITc7uy4KIeoJTKjrFjVxydQWqI2NcOhYPURIv2wPgv_w_sE_0Sc6Q2Uz8zlVUFOE6tcDqfo9WH77bvrGoZD2Ke11BgIAarKxhD4VpNPH84x7f3V9oyKgzQ0iW1Dl12uPzRpMveNk-q8SGm7g&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjEy-LC1e6QAxWkVaQEHTNcJsoQ0pQJegQIDhAB&biw=1022&bih=983&dpr=0.94 Saudi News]</ref><br />
<br />
== Ancient Times ==<br />
In ancient times, Wadi al-Qura was the home of the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]]. The important center of this region was "Qurh," where it is said the people of Ad perished.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 321.</ref> Al-Maqdisi reported in the fourth century AH that after [[Mecca]], there was no more prosperous place in all of [[Hejaz]] than the city of Qurh.<ref>Ahsan al-Taqasim, pp. 83 and 84.</ref><br />
[[File:وادی القری 1.webp|thumb|Al-Hijr or Madain Saleh]]<br />
The historical city of "Al-Hijr" or "[[Madain Saleh]]" 22 km north of AlUla is another area in this wadi<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 97.</ref> which is said to have been the dwelling place of the people of [[Thamud]]<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221; Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 1, p. 381; Tarikh Ibn Khaldun, vol. 2, p. 24.</ref> and is mentioned in the [[Quran]].<ref>Surah Al-A'raf, verse 74.</ref> This city is the first [[Saudi Arabia]]n site inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list.<ref>Official UNESCO website [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1293]</ref> Some sources attribute the emergence of Prophet Salih's she-camel from the mountain to this very region.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221.</ref><br />
<br />
== Wadi al-Qura in Early Islam ==<br />
After the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]], Jews settled in this region and cultivated its lands. Then some Arab tribes such as Quda'a, Juhaynah, Udhra, and Baliy settled there. In [[early Islam]], Wadi al-Qura was one of the important Jewish centers in [[Hejaz]], and the Battle of Wadi al-Qura took place in this region.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 84.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Battle of Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
{{Main|Battle of Wadi al-Qura}}One of the most important historical events in Wadi al-Qura was the Battle of Wadi al-Qura in Jumada al-Thani of the seventh Hijri year. [[Muhammad|The Holy Prophet (PBUH)]], after conquering [[Khaybar]], headed to Wadi al-Qura and invited the [[Jews in Hejaz|Jews]] residing there to [[Islam]]. After the Jews refused to accept Islam, a battle ensued, and eventually, the Jews surrendered. The Prophet (PBUH) took their possessions as spoils; however, he left their lands and palm trees to them so that they would cooperate with the Muslims as tribute-payers.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, pp. 709-711.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Prophet's Passage through Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
[[Muhammad|The Prophet of Islam (s)]] passed through this region during the [[Battle of Tabuk]] and prayed there.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> It is reported that the Banu Urayd Jews brought a food called "Harisa" to the Prophet (s) during this journey, and he ate from it.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, p. 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
== Endowments of Imam Ali (a) in Wadi al-Qura ==<br />
[[Imam Ali (a)]] had numerous properties and [[Endowments of Imam Ali (a)|endowments]] in Wadi al-Qura, which he dedicated for the sake of God.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Nadir, vol. 4, p. 123; Nahj al-Sa'adah, vol. 2, p. 217.</ref> Among these endowments was a spring called "[[Well of the She-Camel]]" in the Birah region of Wadi al-Qura.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, p. 223.</ref><br />
<br />
According to historical reports, these endowments were subject to claims and disputes in later periods and were eventually restored to their endowed purpose.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, pp. 223 and 224.</ref> According to a narration from Imam Ali (a), all properties located in the Wadi al-Qura region belonged to the children of [[Fatima Zahra|Fatima (sa)]], and its slaves would also be endowed.<ref>Furu' al-Kafi, vol. 7, p. 49.</ref><br />
<br />
== In the Works of Muslim Geographers ==<br />
Ibn al-Kalbi, a historian (d. 204 AH), considered Wadi al-Qura the most prosperous region in the [[Arabian Peninsula]],<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 338.</ref> and Muhammad al-Himyari in the ninth century AH described it as having many palm groves and springs, where the descendants of [[Ja'far ibn Abi Talib]] (known as al-Wadiyyin) resided.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar, p. 602.</ref><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
* [[Madain Saleh]]<br />
* [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]]<br />
* [[Endowments of Imam Ali (a)]]<br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:وادی القری 3.png|Modern AlUla city<br />
File:وادی القری 11.jpg|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 2.png|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 4.png|Historical and old area<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
*'''Ahsan al-Taqasim fi Ma'rifat al-Aqalim''', Maqdisi Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad (d. 380 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, undated.<br />
*'''Atlas Amakin Makkah al-Mukarramah wa Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Deputy for Education and Research of the Office of the Supreme Leader, unknown place, unknown publisher, undated.<br />
*'''Imta' al-Asma' bima lil-Nabi min al-Ahwal wa al-Amwal wa al-Hafadah wa al-Mata''', Maqrizi Ahmad ibn Ali (d. 845 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Hamid al-Nimisi, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah, 1420 AH.<br />
*'''Ansab al-Ashraf''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), edited by Suhayl Zakkar and Riyad Zirikli, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1417 AH.<br />
*'''Bihar al-Anwar''', Allamah Majlisi (d. 1110 AH), Tehran, Islamiya Publications, undated.<br />
*'''Tarikh Ibn Khaldun (Diwan al-Mubtada' wa al-Khabar...)''', Ibn Khaldun Abd al-Rahman (d. 808 AH), edited by Khalil Shahadah, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1408 AH.<br />
*'''Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Ibn Shabbah Numayri Umar (d. 262 AH), edited by Fahim Muhammad Shaltut, Qom, Dar al-Fikr, 1410 AH.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar fi Khabar al-Aqtar''', Himyari Muhammad ibn Abd al-Mun'im (d. 900 AH), edited by Ihsan Abbas, Beirut, Maktabat Lubnan, 1984 CE.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Nadir''', Zayd ibn Ali (?), commentary and editing by Husayn Siyaghi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, undated.<br />
*'''Futuh al-Buldan''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), Beirut, Dar wa Maktabat al-Hilal, 1988 CE.<br />
*'''Furu' al-Kafi''', Kulayni Muhammad ibn Ya'qub (d. 329 AH), edited by Muhammad Husayn Rahimian, Qom, Nashr Quds, 1388 SH.<br />
*'''Al-Maghazi''', Waqidi Muhammad ibn Umar (d. 207 AH), edited by Marsden Jones, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-A'lami, 1409 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Ibn Abd al-Haqq Abd al-Mu'min ibn Abd al-Haqq (d. 739 AH), edited by Ali Muhammad al-Bajawi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, 1412 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Sharab Muhammad Muhammad Hasan (15th century AH), Beirut, Dar al-Shamiyah, 1411 AH.<br />
*'''Makarim al-Akhlaq''', Tabarsi Hasan ibn Fadl (6th century AH), translated by Ahmad Ahmadzadeh, Qom, Nur al-Zahra, 1390 SH.<br />
*'''Mu'jam al-Buldan''', Yaqut Hamawi (d. 626 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, 1995 CE.<br />
*'''Nahj al-Sa'adah fi Mustadrak Nahj al-Balaghah''', Mahmudi Muhammad Baqir (d. 1427 AH), Tehran, Ministry of Culture, 1418 AH.<br />
*'''Hejaz dar Sadr Islam''', Ali Salih Ahmad, translated by Abd al-Muhammad Ayati, Tehran, Mash'ar, 1375 SH.{{End}}<br />
[[Category:Historical places in Saudi Arabia]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
[[ar:وادي القرى]]<br />
<br />
[[fa:وادی القری]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Wadi_al-Qura&diff=4225Wadi al-Qura2026-10-10T06:10:55Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Endowments of Imam Ali (a) in Wadi al-Qura */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Building<br />
| title = Wadi al-Qura<br />
| image =وادی_القری.png<br />
| image size = <br />
| image link = <br />
| image description = <br />
| other names = Dhu Aynayn<br />
| place = [[Medina]]<br />
| usage = <br />
| religious affiliation = Islam <br />
| beliefs = <br />
| rituals = <br />
| rulings = <br />
| pilgrims = <br />
| visitors = <br />
| time of construction = <br />
| founder = <br />
| events = Battle of Wadi al-Qura<br />
| reconstructions = <br />
| reconstructors = <br />
| missing parts = <br />
| historical features = <br />
| trustee = <br />
| space = Approximately 2391 km²<br />
| length = <br />
| width = <br />
| height = <br />
| status = <br />
| capacity = <br />
| facilities = <br />
| parts = <br />
| architect = <br />
| style = <br />
| properties = Fertile valleys and mountains<br />
| domes = <br />
| minarets = <br />
| doors = <br />
| porticos = <br />
| courts = <br />
| verandas = <br />
| affiliated entity = <br />
| maintaining entity = <br />
| administrator = <br />
| imam of prayer = <br />
| subsidiary entities = <br />
| registered in = <br />
| registration no. = <br />
| registration date = <br />
| website = <br />
| latitude = 37.904405<br />
| longitude = 26.687809<br />
| map description = <br />
}}<br />
{{Infobox city|latitude=|longitude=|important_events=|age=Pre-Islamic - Settlement of the people of Ad and Thamud|area=|image=|religions=Judaism and Islam|country=Saudi Arabia|features= carved .|total_population=Population in 2022 was 60,103}}<br />
<br />
'''Wadi al-Qura''' (Al-Ula) is a historical region in northwestern [[Medina]] in [[Saudi Arabia]], located on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Yemen]]. In ancient times, this area was inhabited by the people of Ad and Thamud, and in early Islam, it was a Jewish settlement. Wadi al-Qura witnessed important events such as the [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]] and the passage of the [[Prophet (PBUH)]] during the [[Battle of Tabuk]]. [[Imam Ali (AS)]] also had endowments in this region. Today, al-Ula, with its historical attractions like [[Madain Saleh]] (a UNESCO World Heritage site), has become one of Saudi Arabia's significant cultural tourism destinations.<br />
<br />
== Name and Location ==<br />
Wadi al-Qura, now known as Wadi al-Ula,<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 224.</ref> is a long valley 300 km northwest of [[Medina]] on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Hejaz]].<ref>See: Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> To the south of this region lies [[Khaybar]], and due to its numerous interconnected villages, it became known as "Wadi al-Qura" (Valley of Villages).<ref>Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 3, p. 1087.</ref> This region, with an area of approximately 2391 square kilometers, had a population of 60,103 in 2022 CE and plays an important role in the development of Saudi tourism as an ancient oasis city.<ref>Official website [https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=c561dc4e372ce7af&sxsrf=AE3TifNVn-8dLdsotflo7YYoyc87oRx2Jw:1763021132707&q=این+منطقه+با+مساحتی+حدود+۲۳۹۱+کیلومتر+مربع،+در+سال+۲۰۲۲+جمعیتی+بالغ+بر+۶۰٬۱۰۳+نفر+داشته+و+به+عنوان+یک+شهر+واحهای+باستانی،+نقش+مهمی+در+توسعه+گردشگری+عربستان+ایفا+میکند.&source=lnms&fbs=AIIjpHxU7SXXniUZfeShr2fp4giZ1Y6MJ25_tmWITc7uy4KIeoJTKjrFjVxydQWqI2NcOhYPURIv2wPgv_w_sE_0Sc6Q2Uz8zlVUFOE6tcDqfo9WH77bvrGoZD2Ke11BgIAarKxhD4VpNPH84x7f3V9oyKgzQ0iW1Dl12uPzRpMveNk-q8SGm7g&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjEy-LC1e6QAxWkVaQEHTNcJsoQ0pQJegQIDhAB&biw=1022&bih=983&dpr=0.94 Saudi News]</ref><br />
<br />
== Ancient Times ==<br />
In ancient times, Wadi al-Qura was the home of the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]]. The important center of this region was "Qurh," where it is said the people of Ad perished.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 321.</ref> Al-Maqdisi reported in the fourth century AH that after [[Mecca]], there was no more prosperous place in all of [[Hejaz]] than the city of Qurh.<ref>Ahsan al-Taqasim, pp. 83 and 84.</ref><br />
[[File:وادی القری 1.webp|thumb|Al-Hijr or Madain Saleh]]<br />
The historical city of "Al-Hijr" or "[[Madain Saleh]]" 22 km north of AlUla is another area in this wadi<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 97.</ref> which is said to have been the dwelling place of the people of [[Thamud]]<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221; Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 1, p. 381; Tarikh Ibn Khaldun, vol. 2, p. 24.</ref> and is mentioned in the [[Quran]].<ref>Surah Al-A'raf, verse 74.</ref> This city is the first [[Saudi Arabia]]n site inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list.<ref>Official UNESCO website [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1293]</ref> Some sources attribute the emergence of Prophet Salih's she-camel from the mountain to this very region.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221.</ref><br />
<br />
== Wadi al-Qura in Early Islam ==<br />
After the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]], Jews settled in this region and cultivated its lands. Then some Arab tribes such as Quda'a, Juhaynah, Udhra, and Baliy settled there. In [[early Islam]], Wadi al-Qura was one of the important Jewish centers in [[Hejaz]], and the Battle of Wadi al-Qura took place in this region.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 84.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Battle of Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
{{Main|Battle of Wadi al-Qura}}One of the most important historical events in Wadi al-Qura was the Battle of Wadi al-Qura in Jumada al-Thani of the seventh Hijri year. [[Muhammad|The Holy Prophet (PBUH)]], after conquering [[Khaybar]], headed to Wadi al-Qura and invited the [[Jews in Hejaz|Jews]] residing there to [[Islam]]. After the Jews refused to accept Islam, a battle ensued, and eventually, the Jews surrendered. The Prophet (PBUH) took their possessions as spoils; however, he left their lands and palm trees to them so that they would cooperate with the Muslims as tribute-payers.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, pp. 709-711.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Prophet's Passage through Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
[[Muhammad|The Prophet of Islam (PBUH)]] passed through this region during the [[Battle of Tabuk]] and prayed there.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> It is reported that the Banu Urayd Jews brought a food called "Harisa" to the Prophet (PBUH) during this journey, and he ate from it.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, p. 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
== Endowments of Imam Ali (a) in Wadi al-Qura ==<br />
[[Imam Ali (a)]] had numerous properties and [[Endowments of Imam Ali (a)|endowments]] in Wadi al-Qura, which he dedicated for the sake of God.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Nadir, vol. 4, p. 123; Nahj al-Sa'adah, vol. 2, p. 217.</ref> Among these endowments was a spring called "[[Well of the She-Camel]]" in the Birah region of Wadi al-Qura.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, p. 223.</ref><br />
<br />
According to historical reports, these endowments were subject to claims and disputes in later periods and were eventually restored to their endowed purpose.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, pp. 223 and 224.</ref> According to a narration from Imam Ali (a), all properties located in the Wadi al-Qura region belonged to the children of [[Fatima Zahra|Fatima (sa)]], and its slaves would also be endowed.<ref>Furu' al-Kafi, vol. 7, p. 49.</ref><br />
<br />
== In the Works of Muslim Geographers ==<br />
Ibn al-Kalbi, a historian (d. 204 AH), considered Wadi al-Qura the most prosperous region in the [[Arabian Peninsula]],<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 338.</ref> and Muhammad al-Himyari in the ninth century AH described it as having many palm groves and springs, where the descendants of [[Ja'far ibn Abi Talib]] (known as al-Wadiyyin) resided.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar, p. 602.</ref><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
* [[Madain Saleh]]<br />
* [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]]<br />
* [[Endowments of Imam Ali (a)]]<br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:وادی القری 3.png|Modern AlUla city<br />
File:وادی القری 11.jpg|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 2.png|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 4.png|Historical and old area<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
*'''Ahsan al-Taqasim fi Ma'rifat al-Aqalim''', Maqdisi Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad (d. 380 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, undated.<br />
*'''Atlas Amakin Makkah al-Mukarramah wa Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Deputy for Education and Research of the Office of the Supreme Leader, unknown place, unknown publisher, undated.<br />
*'''Imta' al-Asma' bima lil-Nabi min al-Ahwal wa al-Amwal wa al-Hafadah wa al-Mata''', Maqrizi Ahmad ibn Ali (d. 845 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Hamid al-Nimisi, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah, 1420 AH.<br />
*'''Ansab al-Ashraf''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), edited by Suhayl Zakkar and Riyad Zirikli, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1417 AH.<br />
*'''Bihar al-Anwar''', Allamah Majlisi (d. 1110 AH), Tehran, Islamiya Publications, undated.<br />
*'''Tarikh Ibn Khaldun (Diwan al-Mubtada' wa al-Khabar...)''', Ibn Khaldun Abd al-Rahman (d. 808 AH), edited by Khalil Shahadah, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1408 AH.<br />
*'''Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Ibn Shabbah Numayri Umar (d. 262 AH), edited by Fahim Muhammad Shaltut, Qom, Dar al-Fikr, 1410 AH.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar fi Khabar al-Aqtar''', Himyari Muhammad ibn Abd al-Mun'im (d. 900 AH), edited by Ihsan Abbas, Beirut, Maktabat Lubnan, 1984 CE.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Nadir''', Zayd ibn Ali (?), commentary and editing by Husayn Siyaghi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, undated.<br />
*'''Futuh al-Buldan''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), Beirut, Dar wa Maktabat al-Hilal, 1988 CE.<br />
*'''Furu' al-Kafi''', Kulayni Muhammad ibn Ya'qub (d. 329 AH), edited by Muhammad Husayn Rahimian, Qom, Nashr Quds, 1388 SH.<br />
*'''Al-Maghazi''', Waqidi Muhammad ibn Umar (d. 207 AH), edited by Marsden Jones, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-A'lami, 1409 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Ibn Abd al-Haqq Abd al-Mu'min ibn Abd al-Haqq (d. 739 AH), edited by Ali Muhammad al-Bajawi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, 1412 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Sharab Muhammad Muhammad Hasan (15th century AH), Beirut, Dar al-Shamiyah, 1411 AH.<br />
*'''Makarim al-Akhlaq''', Tabarsi Hasan ibn Fadl (6th century AH), translated by Ahmad Ahmadzadeh, Qom, Nur al-Zahra, 1390 SH.<br />
*'''Mu'jam al-Buldan''', Yaqut Hamawi (d. 626 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, 1995 CE.<br />
*'''Nahj al-Sa'adah fi Mustadrak Nahj al-Balaghah''', Mahmudi Muhammad Baqir (d. 1427 AH), Tehran, Ministry of Culture, 1418 AH.<br />
*'''Hejaz dar Sadr Islam''', Ali Salih Ahmad, translated by Abd al-Muhammad Ayati, Tehran, Mash'ar, 1375 SH.{{End}}<br />
[[Category:Historical places in Saudi Arabia]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
[[ar:وادي القرى]]<br />
<br />
[[fa:وادی القری]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Wadi_al-Qura&diff=4224Wadi al-Qura2026-10-10T06:10:19Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Endowments of Imam Ali (AS) in Wadi al-Qura */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Building<br />
| title = Wadi al-Qura<br />
| image =وادی_القری.png<br />
| image size = <br />
| image link = <br />
| image description = <br />
| other names = Dhu Aynayn<br />
| place = [[Medina]]<br />
| usage = <br />
| religious affiliation = Islam <br />
| beliefs = <br />
| rituals = <br />
| rulings = <br />
| pilgrims = <br />
| visitors = <br />
| time of construction = <br />
| founder = <br />
| events = Battle of Wadi al-Qura<br />
| reconstructions = <br />
| reconstructors = <br />
| missing parts = <br />
| historical features = <br />
| trustee = <br />
| space = Approximately 2391 km²<br />
| length = <br />
| width = <br />
| height = <br />
| status = <br />
| capacity = <br />
| facilities = <br />
| parts = <br />
| architect = <br />
| style = <br />
| properties = Fertile valleys and mountains<br />
| domes = <br />
| minarets = <br />
| doors = <br />
| porticos = <br />
| courts = <br />
| verandas = <br />
| affiliated entity = <br />
| maintaining entity = <br />
| administrator = <br />
| imam of prayer = <br />
| subsidiary entities = <br />
| registered in = <br />
| registration no. = <br />
| registration date = <br />
| website = <br />
| latitude = 37.904405<br />
| longitude = 26.687809<br />
| map description = <br />
}}<br />
{{Infobox city|latitude=|longitude=|important_events=|age=Pre-Islamic - Settlement of the people of Ad and Thamud|area=|image=|religions=Judaism and Islam|country=Saudi Arabia|features= carved .|total_population=Population in 2022 was 60,103}}<br />
<br />
'''Wadi al-Qura''' (Al-Ula) is a historical region in northwestern [[Medina]] in [[Saudi Arabia]], located on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Yemen]]. In ancient times, this area was inhabited by the people of Ad and Thamud, and in early Islam, it was a Jewish settlement. Wadi al-Qura witnessed important events such as the [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]] and the passage of the [[Prophet (PBUH)]] during the [[Battle of Tabuk]]. [[Imam Ali (AS)]] also had endowments in this region. Today, al-Ula, with its historical attractions like [[Madain Saleh]] (a UNESCO World Heritage site), has become one of Saudi Arabia's significant cultural tourism destinations.<br />
<br />
== Name and Location ==<br />
Wadi al-Qura, now known as Wadi al-Ula,<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 224.</ref> is a long valley 300 km northwest of [[Medina]] on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Hejaz]].<ref>See: Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> To the south of this region lies [[Khaybar]], and due to its numerous interconnected villages, it became known as "Wadi al-Qura" (Valley of Villages).<ref>Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 3, p. 1087.</ref> This region, with an area of approximately 2391 square kilometers, had a population of 60,103 in 2022 CE and plays an important role in the development of Saudi tourism as an ancient oasis city.<ref>Official website [https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=c561dc4e372ce7af&sxsrf=AE3TifNVn-8dLdsotflo7YYoyc87oRx2Jw:1763021132707&q=این+منطقه+با+مساحتی+حدود+۲۳۹۱+کیلومتر+مربع،+در+سال+۲۰۲۲+جمعیتی+بالغ+بر+۶۰٬۱۰۳+نفر+داشته+و+به+عنوان+یک+شهر+واحهای+باستانی،+نقش+مهمی+در+توسعه+گردشگری+عربستان+ایفا+میکند.&source=lnms&fbs=AIIjpHxU7SXXniUZfeShr2fp4giZ1Y6MJ25_tmWITc7uy4KIeoJTKjrFjVxydQWqI2NcOhYPURIv2wPgv_w_sE_0Sc6Q2Uz8zlVUFOE6tcDqfo9WH77bvrGoZD2Ke11BgIAarKxhD4VpNPH84x7f3V9oyKgzQ0iW1Dl12uPzRpMveNk-q8SGm7g&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjEy-LC1e6QAxWkVaQEHTNcJsoQ0pQJegQIDhAB&biw=1022&bih=983&dpr=0.94 Saudi News]</ref><br />
<br />
== Ancient Times ==<br />
In ancient times, Wadi al-Qura was the home of the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]]. The important center of this region was "Qurh," where it is said the people of Ad perished.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 321.</ref> Al-Maqdisi reported in the fourth century AH that after [[Mecca]], there was no more prosperous place in all of [[Hejaz]] than the city of Qurh.<ref>Ahsan al-Taqasim, pp. 83 and 84.</ref><br />
[[File:وادی القری 1.webp|thumb|Al-Hijr or Madain Saleh]]<br />
The historical city of "Al-Hijr" or "[[Madain Saleh]]" 22 km north of AlUla is another area in this wadi<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 97.</ref> which is said to have been the dwelling place of the people of [[Thamud]]<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221; Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 1, p. 381; Tarikh Ibn Khaldun, vol. 2, p. 24.</ref> and is mentioned in the [[Quran]].<ref>Surah Al-A'raf, verse 74.</ref> This city is the first [[Saudi Arabia]]n site inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list.<ref>Official UNESCO website [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1293]</ref> Some sources attribute the emergence of Prophet Salih's she-camel from the mountain to this very region.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221.</ref><br />
<br />
== Wadi al-Qura in Early Islam ==<br />
After the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]], Jews settled in this region and cultivated its lands. Then some Arab tribes such as Quda'a, Juhaynah, Udhra, and Baliy settled there. In [[early Islam]], Wadi al-Qura was one of the important Jewish centers in [[Hejaz]], and the Battle of Wadi al-Qura took place in this region.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 84.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Battle of Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
{{Main|Battle of Wadi al-Qura}}One of the most important historical events in Wadi al-Qura was the Battle of Wadi al-Qura in Jumada al-Thani of the seventh Hijri year. [[Muhammad|The Holy Prophet (PBUH)]], after conquering [[Khaybar]], headed to Wadi al-Qura and invited the [[Jews in Hejaz|Jews]] residing there to [[Islam]]. After the Jews refused to accept Islam, a battle ensued, and eventually, the Jews surrendered. The Prophet (PBUH) took their possessions as spoils; however, he left their lands and palm trees to them so that they would cooperate with the Muslims as tribute-payers.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, pp. 709-711.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Prophet's Passage through Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
[[Muhammad|The Prophet of Islam (PBUH)]] passed through this region during the [[Battle of Tabuk]] and prayed there.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> It is reported that the Banu Urayd Jews brought a food called "Harisa" to the Prophet (PBUH) during this journey, and he ate from it.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, p. 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
== Endowments of Imam Ali (a) in Wadi al-Qura ==<br />
[[Imam Ali (a)]] had numerous properties and [[Endowments of Imam Ali (a)|endowments]] in Wadi al-Qura, which he dedicated for the sake of God.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Nadir, vol. 4, p. 123; Nahj al-Sa'adah, vol. 2, p. 217.</ref> Among these endowments was a spring called "[[Well of the She-Camel]]" in the Birah region of Wadi al-Qura.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, p. 223.</ref><br />
<br />
According to historical reports, these endowments were subject to claims and disputes in later periods and were eventually restored to their endowed purpose.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, pp. 223 and 224.</ref> According to a narration from Imam Ali (AS), all properties located in the Wadi al-Qura region belonged to the children of [[Fatima Zahra|Fatima (SA)]], and its slaves would also be endowed.<ref>Furu' al-Kafi, vol. 7, p. 49.</ref><br />
<br />
== In the Works of Muslim Geographers ==<br />
Ibn al-Kalbi, a historian (d. 204 AH), considered Wadi al-Qura the most prosperous region in the [[Arabian Peninsula]],<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 338.</ref> and Muhammad al-Himyari in the ninth century AH described it as having many palm groves and springs, where the descendants of [[Ja'far ibn Abi Talib]] (known as al-Wadiyyin) resided.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar, p. 602.</ref><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
* [[Madain Saleh]]<br />
* [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]]<br />
* [[Endowments of Imam Ali (a)]]<br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:وادی القری 3.png|Modern AlUla city<br />
File:وادی القری 11.jpg|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 2.png|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 4.png|Historical and old area<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
*'''Ahsan al-Taqasim fi Ma'rifat al-Aqalim''', Maqdisi Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad (d. 380 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, undated.<br />
*'''Atlas Amakin Makkah al-Mukarramah wa Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Deputy for Education and Research of the Office of the Supreme Leader, unknown place, unknown publisher, undated.<br />
*'''Imta' al-Asma' bima lil-Nabi min al-Ahwal wa al-Amwal wa al-Hafadah wa al-Mata''', Maqrizi Ahmad ibn Ali (d. 845 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Hamid al-Nimisi, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah, 1420 AH.<br />
*'''Ansab al-Ashraf''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), edited by Suhayl Zakkar and Riyad Zirikli, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1417 AH.<br />
*'''Bihar al-Anwar''', Allamah Majlisi (d. 1110 AH), Tehran, Islamiya Publications, undated.<br />
*'''Tarikh Ibn Khaldun (Diwan al-Mubtada' wa al-Khabar...)''', Ibn Khaldun Abd al-Rahman (d. 808 AH), edited by Khalil Shahadah, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1408 AH.<br />
*'''Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Ibn Shabbah Numayri Umar (d. 262 AH), edited by Fahim Muhammad Shaltut, Qom, Dar al-Fikr, 1410 AH.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar fi Khabar al-Aqtar''', Himyari Muhammad ibn Abd al-Mun'im (d. 900 AH), edited by Ihsan Abbas, Beirut, Maktabat Lubnan, 1984 CE.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Nadir''', Zayd ibn Ali (?), commentary and editing by Husayn Siyaghi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, undated.<br />
*'''Futuh al-Buldan''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), Beirut, Dar wa Maktabat al-Hilal, 1988 CE.<br />
*'''Furu' al-Kafi''', Kulayni Muhammad ibn Ya'qub (d. 329 AH), edited by Muhammad Husayn Rahimian, Qom, Nashr Quds, 1388 SH.<br />
*'''Al-Maghazi''', Waqidi Muhammad ibn Umar (d. 207 AH), edited by Marsden Jones, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-A'lami, 1409 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Ibn Abd al-Haqq Abd al-Mu'min ibn Abd al-Haqq (d. 739 AH), edited by Ali Muhammad al-Bajawi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, 1412 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Sharab Muhammad Muhammad Hasan (15th century AH), Beirut, Dar al-Shamiyah, 1411 AH.<br />
*'''Makarim al-Akhlaq''', Tabarsi Hasan ibn Fadl (6th century AH), translated by Ahmad Ahmadzadeh, Qom, Nur al-Zahra, 1390 SH.<br />
*'''Mu'jam al-Buldan''', Yaqut Hamawi (d. 626 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, 1995 CE.<br />
*'''Nahj al-Sa'adah fi Mustadrak Nahj al-Balaghah''', Mahmudi Muhammad Baqir (d. 1427 AH), Tehran, Ministry of Culture, 1418 AH.<br />
*'''Hejaz dar Sadr Islam''', Ali Salih Ahmad, translated by Abd al-Muhammad Ayati, Tehran, Mash'ar, 1375 SH.{{End}}<br />
[[Category:Historical places in Saudi Arabia]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
[[ar:وادي القرى]]<br />
<br />
[[fa:وادی القری]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Wadi_al-Qura&diff=4223Wadi al-Qura2026-10-10T06:09:31Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* See Also */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Building<br />
| title = Wadi al-Qura<br />
| image =وادی_القری.png<br />
| image size = <br />
| image link = <br />
| image description = <br />
| other names = Dhu Aynayn<br />
| place = [[Medina]]<br />
| usage = <br />
| religious affiliation = Islam <br />
| beliefs = <br />
| rituals = <br />
| rulings = <br />
| pilgrims = <br />
| visitors = <br />
| time of construction = <br />
| founder = <br />
| events = Battle of Wadi al-Qura<br />
| reconstructions = <br />
| reconstructors = <br />
| missing parts = <br />
| historical features = <br />
| trustee = <br />
| space = Approximately 2391 km²<br />
| length = <br />
| width = <br />
| height = <br />
| status = <br />
| capacity = <br />
| facilities = <br />
| parts = <br />
| architect = <br />
| style = <br />
| properties = Fertile valleys and mountains<br />
| domes = <br />
| minarets = <br />
| doors = <br />
| porticos = <br />
| courts = <br />
| verandas = <br />
| affiliated entity = <br />
| maintaining entity = <br />
| administrator = <br />
| imam of prayer = <br />
| subsidiary entities = <br />
| registered in = <br />
| registration no. = <br />
| registration date = <br />
| website = <br />
| latitude = 37.904405<br />
| longitude = 26.687809<br />
| map description = <br />
}}<br />
{{Infobox city|latitude=|longitude=|important_events=|age=Pre-Islamic - Settlement of the people of Ad and Thamud|area=|image=|religions=Judaism and Islam|country=Saudi Arabia|features= carved .|total_population=Population in 2022 was 60,103}}<br />
<br />
'''Wadi al-Qura''' (Al-Ula) is a historical region in northwestern [[Medina]] in [[Saudi Arabia]], located on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Yemen]]. In ancient times, this area was inhabited by the people of Ad and Thamud, and in early Islam, it was a Jewish settlement. Wadi al-Qura witnessed important events such as the [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]] and the passage of the [[Prophet (PBUH)]] during the [[Battle of Tabuk]]. [[Imam Ali (AS)]] also had endowments in this region. Today, al-Ula, with its historical attractions like [[Madain Saleh]] (a UNESCO World Heritage site), has become one of Saudi Arabia's significant cultural tourism destinations.<br />
<br />
== Name and Location ==<br />
Wadi al-Qura, now known as Wadi al-Ula,<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 224.</ref> is a long valley 300 km northwest of [[Medina]] on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Hejaz]].<ref>See: Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> To the south of this region lies [[Khaybar]], and due to its numerous interconnected villages, it became known as "Wadi al-Qura" (Valley of Villages).<ref>Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 3, p. 1087.</ref> This region, with an area of approximately 2391 square kilometers, had a population of 60,103 in 2022 CE and plays an important role in the development of Saudi tourism as an ancient oasis city.<ref>Official website [https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=c561dc4e372ce7af&sxsrf=AE3TifNVn-8dLdsotflo7YYoyc87oRx2Jw:1763021132707&q=این+منطقه+با+مساحتی+حدود+۲۳۹۱+کیلومتر+مربع،+در+سال+۲۰۲۲+جمعیتی+بالغ+بر+۶۰٬۱۰۳+نفر+داشته+و+به+عنوان+یک+شهر+واحهای+باستانی،+نقش+مهمی+در+توسعه+گردشگری+عربستان+ایفا+میکند.&source=lnms&fbs=AIIjpHxU7SXXniUZfeShr2fp4giZ1Y6MJ25_tmWITc7uy4KIeoJTKjrFjVxydQWqI2NcOhYPURIv2wPgv_w_sE_0Sc6Q2Uz8zlVUFOE6tcDqfo9WH77bvrGoZD2Ke11BgIAarKxhD4VpNPH84x7f3V9oyKgzQ0iW1Dl12uPzRpMveNk-q8SGm7g&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjEy-LC1e6QAxWkVaQEHTNcJsoQ0pQJegQIDhAB&biw=1022&bih=983&dpr=0.94 Saudi News]</ref><br />
<br />
== Ancient Times ==<br />
In ancient times, Wadi al-Qura was the home of the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]]. The important center of this region was "Qurh," where it is said the people of Ad perished.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 321.</ref> Al-Maqdisi reported in the fourth century AH that after [[Mecca]], there was no more prosperous place in all of [[Hejaz]] than the city of Qurh.<ref>Ahsan al-Taqasim, pp. 83 and 84.</ref><br />
[[File:وادی القری 1.webp|thumb|Al-Hijr or Madain Saleh]]<br />
The historical city of "Al-Hijr" or "[[Madain Saleh]]" 22 km north of AlUla is another area in this wadi<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 97.</ref> which is said to have been the dwelling place of the people of [[Thamud]]<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221; Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 1, p. 381; Tarikh Ibn Khaldun, vol. 2, p. 24.</ref> and is mentioned in the [[Quran]].<ref>Surah Al-A'raf, verse 74.</ref> This city is the first [[Saudi Arabia]]n site inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list.<ref>Official UNESCO website [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1293]</ref> Some sources attribute the emergence of Prophet Salih's she-camel from the mountain to this very region.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221.</ref><br />
<br />
== Wadi al-Qura in Early Islam ==<br />
After the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]], Jews settled in this region and cultivated its lands. Then some Arab tribes such as Quda'a, Juhaynah, Udhra, and Baliy settled there. In [[early Islam]], Wadi al-Qura was one of the important Jewish centers in [[Hejaz]], and the Battle of Wadi al-Qura took place in this region.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 84.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Battle of Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
{{Main|Battle of Wadi al-Qura}}One of the most important historical events in Wadi al-Qura was the Battle of Wadi al-Qura in Jumada al-Thani of the seventh Hijri year. [[Muhammad|The Holy Prophet (PBUH)]], after conquering [[Khaybar]], headed to Wadi al-Qura and invited the [[Jews in Hejaz|Jews]] residing there to [[Islam]]. After the Jews refused to accept Islam, a battle ensued, and eventually, the Jews surrendered. The Prophet (PBUH) took their possessions as spoils; however, he left their lands and palm trees to them so that they would cooperate with the Muslims as tribute-payers.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, pp. 709-711.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Prophet's Passage through Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
[[Muhammad|The Prophet of Islam (PBUH)]] passed through this region during the [[Battle of Tabuk]] and prayed there.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> It is reported that the Banu Urayd Jews brought a food called "Harisa" to the Prophet (PBUH) during this journey, and he ate from it.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, p. 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
== Endowments of Imam Ali (AS) in Wadi al-Qura ==<br />
[[Imam Ali (AS)]] had numerous properties and [[Endowments of Imam Ali (AS)|endowments]] in Wadi al-Qura, which he dedicated for the sake of God.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Nadir, vol. 4, p. 123; Nahj al-Sa'adah, vol. 2, p. 217.</ref> Among these endowments was a spring called "[[Well of the She-Camel]]" in the Birah region of Wadi al-Qura.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, p. 223.</ref><br />
<br />
According to historical reports, these endowments were subject to claims and disputes in later periods and were eventually restored to their endowed purpose.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, pp. 223 and 224.</ref> According to a narration from Imam Ali (AS), all properties located in the Wadi al-Qura region belonged to the children of [[Fatima Zahra|Fatima (SA)]], and its slaves would also be endowed.<ref>Furu' al-Kafi, vol. 7, p. 49.</ref><br />
<br />
== In the Works of Muslim Geographers ==<br />
Ibn al-Kalbi, a historian (d. 204 AH), considered Wadi al-Qura the most prosperous region in the [[Arabian Peninsula]],<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 338.</ref> and Muhammad al-Himyari in the ninth century AH described it as having many palm groves and springs, where the descendants of [[Ja'far ibn Abi Talib]] (known as al-Wadiyyin) resided.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar, p. 602.</ref><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
* [[Madain Saleh]]<br />
* [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]]<br />
* [[Endowments of Imam Ali (a)]]<br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:وادی القری 3.png|Modern AlUla city<br />
File:وادی القری 11.jpg|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 2.png|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 4.png|Historical and old area<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
*'''Ahsan al-Taqasim fi Ma'rifat al-Aqalim''', Maqdisi Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad (d. 380 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, undated.<br />
*'''Atlas Amakin Makkah al-Mukarramah wa Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Deputy for Education and Research of the Office of the Supreme Leader, unknown place, unknown publisher, undated.<br />
*'''Imta' al-Asma' bima lil-Nabi min al-Ahwal wa al-Amwal wa al-Hafadah wa al-Mata''', Maqrizi Ahmad ibn Ali (d. 845 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Hamid al-Nimisi, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah, 1420 AH.<br />
*'''Ansab al-Ashraf''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), edited by Suhayl Zakkar and Riyad Zirikli, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1417 AH.<br />
*'''Bihar al-Anwar''', Allamah Majlisi (d. 1110 AH), Tehran, Islamiya Publications, undated.<br />
*'''Tarikh Ibn Khaldun (Diwan al-Mubtada' wa al-Khabar...)''', Ibn Khaldun Abd al-Rahman (d. 808 AH), edited by Khalil Shahadah, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1408 AH.<br />
*'''Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Ibn Shabbah Numayri Umar (d. 262 AH), edited by Fahim Muhammad Shaltut, Qom, Dar al-Fikr, 1410 AH.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar fi Khabar al-Aqtar''', Himyari Muhammad ibn Abd al-Mun'im (d. 900 AH), edited by Ihsan Abbas, Beirut, Maktabat Lubnan, 1984 CE.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Nadir''', Zayd ibn Ali (?), commentary and editing by Husayn Siyaghi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, undated.<br />
*'''Futuh al-Buldan''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), Beirut, Dar wa Maktabat al-Hilal, 1988 CE.<br />
*'''Furu' al-Kafi''', Kulayni Muhammad ibn Ya'qub (d. 329 AH), edited by Muhammad Husayn Rahimian, Qom, Nashr Quds, 1388 SH.<br />
*'''Al-Maghazi''', Waqidi Muhammad ibn Umar (d. 207 AH), edited by Marsden Jones, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-A'lami, 1409 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Ibn Abd al-Haqq Abd al-Mu'min ibn Abd al-Haqq (d. 739 AH), edited by Ali Muhammad al-Bajawi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, 1412 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Sharab Muhammad Muhammad Hasan (15th century AH), Beirut, Dar al-Shamiyah, 1411 AH.<br />
*'''Makarim al-Akhlaq''', Tabarsi Hasan ibn Fadl (6th century AH), translated by Ahmad Ahmadzadeh, Qom, Nur al-Zahra, 1390 SH.<br />
*'''Mu'jam al-Buldan''', Yaqut Hamawi (d. 626 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, 1995 CE.<br />
*'''Nahj al-Sa'adah fi Mustadrak Nahj al-Balaghah''', Mahmudi Muhammad Baqir (d. 1427 AH), Tehran, Ministry of Culture, 1418 AH.<br />
*'''Hejaz dar Sadr Islam''', Ali Salih Ahmad, translated by Abd al-Muhammad Ayati, Tehran, Mash'ar, 1375 SH.{{End}}<br />
[[Category:Historical places in Saudi Arabia]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
[[ar:وادي القرى]]<br />
<br />
[[fa:وادی القری]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Wadi_al-Qura&diff=4222Wadi al-Qura2026-10-10T05:57:10Z<p>Pourghorbani: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Building<br />
| title = Wadi al-Qura<br />
| image =وادی_القری.png<br />
| image size = <br />
| image link = <br />
| image description = <br />
| other names = Dhu Aynayn<br />
| place = [[Medina]]<br />
| usage = <br />
| religious affiliation = Islam <br />
| beliefs = <br />
| rituals = <br />
| rulings = <br />
| pilgrims = <br />
| visitors = <br />
| time of construction = <br />
| founder = <br />
| events = Battle of Wadi al-Qura<br />
| reconstructions = <br />
| reconstructors = <br />
| missing parts = <br />
| historical features = <br />
| trustee = <br />
| space = Approximately 2391 km²<br />
| length = <br />
| width = <br />
| height = <br />
| status = <br />
| capacity = <br />
| facilities = <br />
| parts = <br />
| architect = <br />
| style = <br />
| properties = Fertile valleys and mountains<br />
| domes = <br />
| minarets = <br />
| doors = <br />
| porticos = <br />
| courts = <br />
| verandas = <br />
| affiliated entity = <br />
| maintaining entity = <br />
| administrator = <br />
| imam of prayer = <br />
| subsidiary entities = <br />
| registered in = <br />
| registration no. = <br />
| registration date = <br />
| website = <br />
| latitude = 37.904405<br />
| longitude = 26.687809<br />
| map description = <br />
}}<br />
{{Infobox city|latitude=|longitude=|important_events=|age=Pre-Islamic - Settlement of the people of Ad and Thamud|area=|image=|religions=Judaism and Islam|country=Saudi Arabia|features= carved .|total_population=Population in 2022 was 60,103}}<br />
<br />
'''Wadi al-Qura''' (Al-Ula) is a historical region in northwestern [[Medina]] in [[Saudi Arabia]], located on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Yemen]]. In ancient times, this area was inhabited by the people of Ad and Thamud, and in early Islam, it was a Jewish settlement. Wadi al-Qura witnessed important events such as the [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]] and the passage of the [[Prophet (PBUH)]] during the [[Battle of Tabuk]]. [[Imam Ali (AS)]] also had endowments in this region. Today, al-Ula, with its historical attractions like [[Madain Saleh]] (a UNESCO World Heritage site), has become one of Saudi Arabia's significant cultural tourism destinations.<br />
<br />
== Name and Location ==<br />
Wadi al-Qura, now known as Wadi al-Ula,<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 224.</ref> is a long valley 300 km northwest of [[Medina]] on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Hejaz]].<ref>See: Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> To the south of this region lies [[Khaybar]], and due to its numerous interconnected villages, it became known as "Wadi al-Qura" (Valley of Villages).<ref>Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 3, p. 1087.</ref> This region, with an area of approximately 2391 square kilometers, had a population of 60,103 in 2022 CE and plays an important role in the development of Saudi tourism as an ancient oasis city.<ref>Official website [https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=c561dc4e372ce7af&sxsrf=AE3TifNVn-8dLdsotflo7YYoyc87oRx2Jw:1763021132707&q=این+منطقه+با+مساحتی+حدود+۲۳۹۱+کیلومتر+مربع،+در+سال+۲۰۲۲+جمعیتی+بالغ+بر+۶۰٬۱۰۳+نفر+داشته+و+به+عنوان+یک+شهر+واحهای+باستانی،+نقش+مهمی+در+توسعه+گردشگری+عربستان+ایفا+میکند.&source=lnms&fbs=AIIjpHxU7SXXniUZfeShr2fp4giZ1Y6MJ25_tmWITc7uy4KIeoJTKjrFjVxydQWqI2NcOhYPURIv2wPgv_w_sE_0Sc6Q2Uz8zlVUFOE6tcDqfo9WH77bvrGoZD2Ke11BgIAarKxhD4VpNPH84x7f3V9oyKgzQ0iW1Dl12uPzRpMveNk-q8SGm7g&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjEy-LC1e6QAxWkVaQEHTNcJsoQ0pQJegQIDhAB&biw=1022&bih=983&dpr=0.94 Saudi News]</ref><br />
<br />
== Ancient Times ==<br />
In ancient times, Wadi al-Qura was the home of the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]]. The important center of this region was "Qurh," where it is said the people of Ad perished.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 321.</ref> Al-Maqdisi reported in the fourth century AH that after [[Mecca]], there was no more prosperous place in all of [[Hejaz]] than the city of Qurh.<ref>Ahsan al-Taqasim, pp. 83 and 84.</ref><br />
[[File:وادی القری 1.webp|thumb|Al-Hijr or Madain Saleh]]<br />
The historical city of "Al-Hijr" or "[[Madain Saleh]]" 22 km north of AlUla is another area in this wadi<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 97.</ref> which is said to have been the dwelling place of the people of [[Thamud]]<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221; Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 1, p. 381; Tarikh Ibn Khaldun, vol. 2, p. 24.</ref> and is mentioned in the [[Quran]].<ref>Surah Al-A'raf, verse 74.</ref> This city is the first [[Saudi Arabia]]n site inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list.<ref>Official UNESCO website [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1293]</ref> Some sources attribute the emergence of Prophet Salih's she-camel from the mountain to this very region.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221.</ref><br />
<br />
== Wadi al-Qura in Early Islam ==<br />
After the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]], Jews settled in this region and cultivated its lands. Then some Arab tribes such as Quda'a, Juhaynah, Udhra, and Baliy settled there. In [[early Islam]], Wadi al-Qura was one of the important Jewish centers in [[Hejaz]], and the Battle of Wadi al-Qura took place in this region.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 84.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Battle of Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
{{Main|Battle of Wadi al-Qura}}One of the most important historical events in Wadi al-Qura was the Battle of Wadi al-Qura in Jumada al-Thani of the seventh Hijri year. [[Muhammad|The Holy Prophet (PBUH)]], after conquering [[Khaybar]], headed to Wadi al-Qura and invited the [[Jews in Hejaz|Jews]] residing there to [[Islam]]. After the Jews refused to accept Islam, a battle ensued, and eventually, the Jews surrendered. The Prophet (PBUH) took their possessions as spoils; however, he left their lands and palm trees to them so that they would cooperate with the Muslims as tribute-payers.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, pp. 709-711.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Prophet's Passage through Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
[[Muhammad|The Prophet of Islam (PBUH)]] passed through this region during the [[Battle of Tabuk]] and prayed there.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> It is reported that the Banu Urayd Jews brought a food called "Harisa" to the Prophet (PBUH) during this journey, and he ate from it.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, p. 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
== Endowments of Imam Ali (AS) in Wadi al-Qura ==<br />
[[Imam Ali (AS)]] had numerous properties and [[Endowments of Imam Ali (AS)|endowments]] in Wadi al-Qura, which he dedicated for the sake of God.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Nadir, vol. 4, p. 123; Nahj al-Sa'adah, vol. 2, p. 217.</ref> Among these endowments was a spring called "[[Well of the She-Camel]]" in the Birah region of Wadi al-Qura.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, p. 223.</ref><br />
<br />
According to historical reports, these endowments were subject to claims and disputes in later periods and were eventually restored to their endowed purpose.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, pp. 223 and 224.</ref> According to a narration from Imam Ali (AS), all properties located in the Wadi al-Qura region belonged to the children of [[Fatima Zahra|Fatima (SA)]], and its slaves would also be endowed.<ref>Furu' al-Kafi, vol. 7, p. 49.</ref><br />
<br />
== In the Works of Muslim Geographers ==<br />
Ibn al-Kalbi, a historian (d. 204 AH), considered Wadi al-Qura the most prosperous region in the [[Arabian Peninsula]],<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 338.</ref> and Muhammad al-Himyari in the ninth century AH described it as having many palm groves and springs, where the descendants of [[Ja'far ibn Abi Talib]] (known as al-Wadiyyin) resided.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar, p. 602.</ref><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
* [[Madain Saleh]]<br />
* [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]]<br />
* [[Endowments of Imam Ali (AS)]]<br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:وادی القری 3.png|Modern AlUla city<br />
File:وادی القری 11.jpg|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 2.png|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 4.png|Historical and old area<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
*'''Ahsan al-Taqasim fi Ma'rifat al-Aqalim''', Maqdisi Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad (d. 380 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, undated.<br />
*'''Atlas Amakin Makkah al-Mukarramah wa Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Deputy for Education and Research of the Office of the Supreme Leader, unknown place, unknown publisher, undated.<br />
*'''Imta' al-Asma' bima lil-Nabi min al-Ahwal wa al-Amwal wa al-Hafadah wa al-Mata''', Maqrizi Ahmad ibn Ali (d. 845 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Hamid al-Nimisi, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah, 1420 AH.<br />
*'''Ansab al-Ashraf''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), edited by Suhayl Zakkar and Riyad Zirikli, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1417 AH.<br />
*'''Bihar al-Anwar''', Allamah Majlisi (d. 1110 AH), Tehran, Islamiya Publications, undated.<br />
*'''Tarikh Ibn Khaldun (Diwan al-Mubtada' wa al-Khabar...)''', Ibn Khaldun Abd al-Rahman (d. 808 AH), edited by Khalil Shahadah, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1408 AH.<br />
*'''Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Ibn Shabbah Numayri Umar (d. 262 AH), edited by Fahim Muhammad Shaltut, Qom, Dar al-Fikr, 1410 AH.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar fi Khabar al-Aqtar''', Himyari Muhammad ibn Abd al-Mun'im (d. 900 AH), edited by Ihsan Abbas, Beirut, Maktabat Lubnan, 1984 CE.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Nadir''', Zayd ibn Ali (?), commentary and editing by Husayn Siyaghi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, undated.<br />
*'''Futuh al-Buldan''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), Beirut, Dar wa Maktabat al-Hilal, 1988 CE.<br />
*'''Furu' al-Kafi''', Kulayni Muhammad ibn Ya'qub (d. 329 AH), edited by Muhammad Husayn Rahimian, Qom, Nashr Quds, 1388 SH.<br />
*'''Al-Maghazi''', Waqidi Muhammad ibn Umar (d. 207 AH), edited by Marsden Jones, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-A'lami, 1409 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Ibn Abd al-Haqq Abd al-Mu'min ibn Abd al-Haqq (d. 739 AH), edited by Ali Muhammad al-Bajawi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, 1412 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Sharab Muhammad Muhammad Hasan (15th century AH), Beirut, Dar al-Shamiyah, 1411 AH.<br />
*'''Makarim al-Akhlaq''', Tabarsi Hasan ibn Fadl (6th century AH), translated by Ahmad Ahmadzadeh, Qom, Nur al-Zahra, 1390 SH.<br />
*'''Mu'jam al-Buldan''', Yaqut Hamawi (d. 626 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, 1995 CE.<br />
*'''Nahj al-Sa'adah fi Mustadrak Nahj al-Balaghah''', Mahmudi Muhammad Baqir (d. 1427 AH), Tehran, Ministry of Culture, 1418 AH.<br />
*'''Hejaz dar Sadr Islam''', Ali Salih Ahmad, translated by Abd al-Muhammad Ayati, Tehran, Mash'ar, 1375 SH.{{End}}<br />
[[Category:Historical places in Saudi Arabia]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
[[ar:وادي القرى]]<br />
<br />
[[fa:وادی القری]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Wadi_al-Qura&diff=4221Wadi al-Qura2026-10-10T05:55:53Z<p>Pourghorbani: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Building<br />
| title = Mount Uhud<br />
| image =وادی_القری.png<br />
| image size = <br />
| image link = <br />
| image description = <br />
| other names = Dhu Aynayn<br />
| place = [[Medina]]<br />
| usage = <br />
| religious affiliation = Islam <br />
| beliefs = <br />
| rituals = <br />
| rulings = <br />
| pilgrims = <br />
| visitors = <br />
| time of construction = <br />
| founder = <br />
| events = Battle of Wadi al-Qura<br />
| reconstructions = <br />
| reconstructors = <br />
| missing parts = <br />
| historical features = <br />
| trustee = <br />
| space = Approximately 2391 km²<br />
| length = <br />
| width = <br />
| height = <br />
| status = <br />
| capacity = <br />
| facilities = <br />
| parts = <br />
| architect = <br />
| style = <br />
| properties = Fertile valleys and mountains<br />
| domes = <br />
| minarets = <br />
| doors = <br />
| porticos = <br />
| courts = <br />
| verandas = <br />
| affiliated entity = <br />
| maintaining entity = <br />
| administrator = <br />
| imam of prayer = <br />
| subsidiary entities = <br />
| registered in = <br />
| registration no. = <br />
| registration date = <br />
| website = <br />
| latitude = 37.904405<br />
| longitude = 26.687809<br />
| map description = <br />
}}<br />
{{Infobox city|latitude=|longitude=|important_events=|age=Pre-Islamic - Settlement of the people of Ad and Thamud|area=|image=|religions=Judaism and Islam|country=Saudi Arabia|features= carved .|total_population=Population in 2022 was 60,103}}<br />
<br />
'''Wadi al-Qura''' (Al-Ula) is a historical region in northwestern [[Medina]] in [[Saudi Arabia]], located on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Yemen]]. In ancient times, this area was inhabited by the people of Ad and Thamud, and in early Islam, it was a Jewish settlement. Wadi al-Qura witnessed important events such as the [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]] and the passage of the [[Prophet (PBUH)]] during the [[Battle of Tabuk]]. [[Imam Ali (AS)]] also had endowments in this region. Today, al-Ula, with its historical attractions like [[Madain Saleh]] (a UNESCO World Heritage site), has become one of Saudi Arabia's significant cultural tourism destinations.<br />
<br />
== Name and Location ==<br />
Wadi al-Qura, now known as Wadi al-Ula,<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 224.</ref> is a long valley 300 km northwest of [[Medina]] on the trade route from [[Syria]] to [[Hejaz]].<ref>See: Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> To the south of this region lies [[Khaybar]], and due to its numerous interconnected villages, it became known as "Wadi al-Qura" (Valley of Villages).<ref>Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 3, p. 1087.</ref> This region, with an area of approximately 2391 square kilometers, had a population of 60,103 in 2022 CE and plays an important role in the development of Saudi tourism as an ancient oasis city.<ref>Official website [https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=c561dc4e372ce7af&sxsrf=AE3TifNVn-8dLdsotflo7YYoyc87oRx2Jw:1763021132707&q=این+منطقه+با+مساحتی+حدود+۲۳۹۱+کیلومتر+مربع،+در+سال+۲۰۲۲+جمعیتی+بالغ+بر+۶۰٬۱۰۳+نفر+داشته+و+به+عنوان+یک+شهر+واحهای+باستانی،+نقش+مهمی+در+توسعه+گردشگری+عربستان+ایفا+میکند.&source=lnms&fbs=AIIjpHxU7SXXniUZfeShr2fp4giZ1Y6MJ25_tmWITc7uy4KIeoJTKjrFjVxydQWqI2NcOhYPURIv2wPgv_w_sE_0Sc6Q2Uz8zlVUFOE6tcDqfo9WH77bvrGoZD2Ke11BgIAarKxhD4VpNPH84x7f3V9oyKgzQ0iW1Dl12uPzRpMveNk-q8SGm7g&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjEy-LC1e6QAxWkVaQEHTNcJsoQ0pQJegQIDhAB&biw=1022&bih=983&dpr=0.94 Saudi News]</ref><br />
<br />
== Ancient Times ==<br />
In ancient times, Wadi al-Qura was the home of the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]]. The important center of this region was "Qurh," where it is said the people of Ad perished.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 321.</ref> Al-Maqdisi reported in the fourth century AH that after [[Mecca]], there was no more prosperous place in all of [[Hejaz]] than the city of Qurh.<ref>Ahsan al-Taqasim, pp. 83 and 84.</ref><br />
[[File:وادی القری 1.webp|thumb|Al-Hijr or Madain Saleh]]<br />
The historical city of "Al-Hijr" or "[[Madain Saleh]]" 22 km north of AlUla is another area in this wadi<ref>Al-Ma'alim al-Athir, p. 97.</ref> which is said to have been the dwelling place of the people of [[Thamud]]<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221; Marasid al-Ittila', vol. 1, p. 381; Tarikh Ibn Khaldun, vol. 2, p. 24.</ref> and is mentioned in the [[Quran]].<ref>Surah Al-A'raf, verse 74.</ref> This city is the first [[Saudi Arabia]]n site inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list.<ref>Official UNESCO website [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1293]</ref> Some sources attribute the emergence of Prophet Salih's she-camel from the mountain to this very region.<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 2, p. 221.</ref><br />
<br />
== Wadi al-Qura in Early Islam ==<br />
After the peoples of [[Ad]] and [[Thamud]], Jews settled in this region and cultivated its lands. Then some Arab tribes such as Quda'a, Juhaynah, Udhra, and Baliy settled there. In [[early Islam]], Wadi al-Qura was one of the important Jewish centers in [[Hejaz]], and the Battle of Wadi al-Qura took place in this region.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 84.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Battle of Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
{{Main|Battle of Wadi al-Qura}}One of the most important historical events in Wadi al-Qura was the Battle of Wadi al-Qura in Jumada al-Thani of the seventh Hijri year. [[Muhammad|The Holy Prophet (PBUH)]], after conquering [[Khaybar]], headed to Wadi al-Qura and invited the [[Jews in Hejaz|Jews]] residing there to [[Islam]]. After the Jews refused to accept Islam, a battle ensued, and eventually, the Jews surrendered. The Prophet (PBUH) took their possessions as spoils; however, he left their lands and palm trees to them so that they would cooperate with the Muslims as tribute-payers.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, pp. 709-711.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Prophet's Passage through Wadi al-Qura ===<br />
[[Muhammad|The Prophet of Islam (PBUH)]] passed through this region during the [[Battle of Tabuk]] and prayed there.<ref>Hejaz in Early Islam, p. 83.</ref> It is reported that the Banu Urayd Jews brought a food called "Harisa" to the Prophet (PBUH) during this journey, and he ate from it.<ref>Al-Maghazi, vol. 2, p. 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
== Endowments of Imam Ali (AS) in Wadi al-Qura ==<br />
[[Imam Ali (AS)]] had numerous properties and [[Endowments of Imam Ali (AS)|endowments]] in Wadi al-Qura, which he dedicated for the sake of God.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Nadir, vol. 4, p. 123; Nahj al-Sa'adah, vol. 2, p. 217.</ref> Among these endowments was a spring called "[[Well of the She-Camel]]" in the Birah region of Wadi al-Qura.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, p. 223.</ref><br />
<br />
According to historical reports, these endowments were subject to claims and disputes in later periods and were eventually restored to their endowed purpose.<ref>Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, vol. 1, pp. 223 and 224.</ref> According to a narration from Imam Ali (AS), all properties located in the Wadi al-Qura region belonged to the children of [[Fatima Zahra|Fatima (SA)]], and its slaves would also be endowed.<ref>Furu' al-Kafi, vol. 7, p. 49.</ref><br />
<br />
== In the Works of Muslim Geographers ==<br />
Ibn al-Kalbi, a historian (d. 204 AH), considered Wadi al-Qura the most prosperous region in the [[Arabian Peninsula]],<ref>Mu'jam al-Buldan, vol. 4, p. 338.</ref> and Muhammad al-Himyari in the ninth century AH described it as having many palm groves and springs, where the descendants of [[Ja'far ibn Abi Talib]] (known as al-Wadiyyin) resided.<ref>Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar, p. 602.</ref><br />
<br />
== See Also ==<br />
<br />
* [[Madain Saleh]]<br />
* [[Battle of Wadi al-Qura]]<br />
* [[Endowments of Imam Ali (AS)]]<br />
<br />
== Images ==<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150"><br />
File:وادی القری 3.png|Modern AlUla city<br />
File:وادی القری 11.jpg|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 2.png|Tourist attractions of Wadi al-Qura region<br />
File:وادی القری 4.png|Historical and old area<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
*'''Ahsan al-Taqasim fi Ma'rifat al-Aqalim''', Maqdisi Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad (d. 380 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, undated.<br />
*'''Atlas Amakin Makkah al-Mukarramah wa Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Deputy for Education and Research of the Office of the Supreme Leader, unknown place, unknown publisher, undated.<br />
*'''Imta' al-Asma' bima lil-Nabi min al-Ahwal wa al-Amwal wa al-Hafadah wa al-Mata''', Maqrizi Ahmad ibn Ali (d. 845 AH), edited by Muhammad Abd al-Hamid al-Nimisi, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah, 1420 AH.<br />
*'''Ansab al-Ashraf''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), edited by Suhayl Zakkar and Riyad Zirikli, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1417 AH.<br />
*'''Bihar al-Anwar''', Allamah Majlisi (d. 1110 AH), Tehran, Islamiya Publications, undated.<br />
*'''Tarikh Ibn Khaldun (Diwan al-Mubtada' wa al-Khabar...)''', Ibn Khaldun Abd al-Rahman (d. 808 AH), edited by Khalil Shahadah, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1408 AH.<br />
*'''Tarikh al-Madinah al-Munawwarah''', Ibn Shabbah Numayri Umar (d. 262 AH), edited by Fahim Muhammad Shaltut, Qom, Dar al-Fikr, 1410 AH.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Mi'tar fi Khabar al-Aqtar''', Himyari Muhammad ibn Abd al-Mun'im (d. 900 AH), edited by Ihsan Abbas, Beirut, Maktabat Lubnan, 1984 CE.<br />
*'''Al-Rawd al-Nadir''', Zayd ibn Ali (?), commentary and editing by Husayn Siyaghi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, undated.<br />
*'''Futuh al-Buldan''', Baladhuri Ahmad ibn Yahya (d. 279 AH), Beirut, Dar wa Maktabat al-Hilal, 1988 CE.<br />
*'''Furu' al-Kafi''', Kulayni Muhammad ibn Ya'qub (d. 329 AH), edited by Muhammad Husayn Rahimian, Qom, Nashr Quds, 1388 SH.<br />
*'''Al-Maghazi''', Waqidi Muhammad ibn Umar (d. 207 AH), edited by Marsden Jones, Beirut, Mu'assasat al-A'lami, 1409 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Ibn Abd al-Haqq Abd al-Mu'min ibn Abd al-Haqq (d. 739 AH), edited by Ali Muhammad al-Bajawi, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, 1412 AH.<br />
*'''Marasid al-Ittila' ala Asma' al-Amkinah wa al-Biqa''', Sharab Muhammad Muhammad Hasan (15th century AH), Beirut, Dar al-Shamiyah, 1411 AH.<br />
*'''Makarim al-Akhlaq''', Tabarsi Hasan ibn Fadl (6th century AH), translated by Ahmad Ahmadzadeh, Qom, Nur al-Zahra, 1390 SH.<br />
*'''Mu'jam al-Buldan''', Yaqut Hamawi (d. 626 AH), Beirut, Dar Sader, 1995 CE.<br />
*'''Nahj al-Sa'adah fi Mustadrak Nahj al-Balaghah''', Mahmudi Muhammad Baqir (d. 1427 AH), Tehran, Ministry of Culture, 1418 AH.<br />
*'''Hejaz dar Sadr Islam''', Ali Salih Ahmad, translated by Abd al-Muhammad Ayati, Tehran, Mash'ar, 1375 SH.{{End}}<br />
[[Category:Historical places in Saudi Arabia]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
[[ar:وادي القرى]]<br />
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[[fa:وادی القری]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Grandfather_of_the_Prophet_(s)&diff=4220Grandfather of the Prophet (s)2026-10-06T14:01:02Z<p>Pourghorbani: Redirected page to Abd al-Muttalib</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Abd al-Muttalib]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Grandfather_of_the_Prophet&diff=4219Grandfather of the Prophet2026-10-06T14:01:02Z<p>Pourghorbani: Redirected page to Abd al-Muttalib</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Abd al-Muttalib]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Ziyara_of_Imam_Hasan_(a)&diff=4218Ziyara of Imam Hasan (a)2026-10-06T13:59:35Z<p>Pourghorbani: Redirected page to Ziyara of Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a)</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Ziyara of Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a)]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Ziyara_of_Imam_Hasan&diff=4217Ziyara of Imam Hasan2026-10-06T13:59:35Z<p>Pourghorbani: Redirected page to Ziyara of Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a)</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Ziyara of Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a)]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Bani_Haram%27s_cave&diff=4216Bani Haram's cave2026-10-06T13:57:22Z<p>Pourghorbani: Redirected page to Cave Mosque of Bani Haram</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Cave Mosque of Bani Haram]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Fath_Mosque_(Medina)&diff=4215Fath Mosque (Medina)2026-10-06T13:54:25Z<p>Pourghorbani: </p>
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<div>{{جعبه اطلاعات بنا<br />
| عنوان = <br />
| تصویر = مسجد_فتح.webp<br />
| اندازه تصویر = <br />
| پیوند تصویر = <br />
| توضیح تصویر = <br />
| نامهای دیگر = Masjid al-Aḥzāb * Masjid al-Aʿlā<br />
| مکان = [[Saudi Arabia]] * [[Medina]] * Western slope of [[Mount Sala']] <br />
| کاربری = Mosque<br />
| بزرگداشت نزد = Muslims<br />
| وابسته به دین/مذهب = Islam<br />
| باورها = <br />
| آیینها = <br />
| زمان پایهگذاری = <br />
| بنیانگذار = <br />
| رویدادها = <br />
| بازسازیها = <br />
| ویژگیهای تاریخی = <br />
| مساحت = <br />
| طول = <br />
| عرض = <br />
| ارتفاع = <br />
| وضعیت بنا = Existing<br />
| گنجایش = <br />
| امکانات = <br />
| بخشهای بنا = <br />
| ویژگیها = <br />
| عرض جغرافیایی = 24.477843<br />
| طول جغرافیایی = 39.595598<br />
| توضیح نقشه = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Fath Mosque''' is one of the ancient mosques of [[Medina]]. The [[Prophet (s)]] had set up his command tent for the [[Battle of the Trench|Battle of al-Aḥzāb]] on a part of [[Mount Sala']] where this mosque is now located, northwest of [[al-Masjid al-Nabawi]], and he used to pray there. The mosque has existed since the first century AH, and until the second and third centuries, the Prophet's prayer spot in the mosque's courtyard was marked by a pillar.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Location ==<br />
'''Fath Mosque''' is located on a section of the western slope of [[Mount Sala']]<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=138 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 138.]</ref>. Fath is the name of the area where the complex of [[Fath Mosques]] is situated. The most famous of these mosques, located at the highest part of the mountain slope, is Fath Mosque.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aتاریخ_معالم_المدینه_المنوره_قدیما_و_حدیثا.pdf&page=199 Tārīkh Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara Qadīman wa Ḥadīthan, p. 199.]</ref><br />
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<br />
== Origin and Names ==<br />
The location of the command tent of [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] during the [[Battle of al-Aḥzāb|Battle of al-Aḥzāb]] was at the site of this mosque<ref name=":1">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=900 Mawsuʿat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab, vol. 4, p. 900.]</ref>, and for this reason, this mosque has been named Masjid al-Aḥzāb. It was at this place that the Prophet asked God to defeat the "Aḥzāb" (confederates).<ref>Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, vol. 3, p. 234.</ref><ref name=":0" /></ref> The Prophet prayed for three days, and on Wednesday, after his prayer was answered, signs of joy appeared on his face.<ref>al-Istidhkār, vol. 2, p. 534.</ref> The spot where the Prophet prayed was marked by a pillar in the mosque's courtyard during the second and third centuries AH.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:تاریخ_مدینه_ابن_شبه.pdf&page=60 Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara, p. 60.]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:اخبار_المدینه_ابن_زباله.pdf&page=142 Akhbār al-Madīna, Ibn Zabāla, p. 142.]</ref><br />
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It is narrated that the Prophet gave glad tidings of victory to the Muslims at this place, and for this reason, it was called Fath Mosque. Some also attribute the naming of the mosque to Fath (victory) to the revelation of Sura al-Fath at this location.<ref>Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-ʿImāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 4, p. 84.</ref> The name al-Aʿlā (the highest) for this mosque refers to its location on a high part of Mount Sala'.<ref name=":0">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=139 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 139.]</ref><br />
<br />
=== Prophet's Prayer in Fath Mosque ===<br />
The Prophet (s) performed the ʿaṣr prayer within the area of Fath Mosque.<ref name=":2">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aتاریخ_مدینه_ابن_شبه.pdf&page=59 Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara, p. 59.]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aاخبار_المدینه_ابن_زباله.pdf&page=143 Akhbār al-Madīna, Ibn Zabāla, p. 143.]</ref> On one of the nights of the Battle of al-Aḥzāb, the Prophet (s) stood on the high ground where Fath Mosque is located and asked for a volunteer to gather news about the enemy army. Ḥudhayfa set out for this task, and the Prophet waited for Ḥudhayfa to return.<ref>Iʿlām al-Warā bi-Aʿlām al-Hudā, vol. 1, p. 193.</ref><br />
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<br />
<br />
== History of Construction ==<br />
The initial structure of the mosque was built by [[ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz]] (governor of Medina between 87-93 AH) and had one portico with three pillars.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=139 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 139.]</ref> The mosque building was renovated in 575 AH by Ḥusayn b. Abī al-Hayjāʾ (who was one of the viziers of the [[Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt]] and had also made expansions in al-Masjid al-Nabawi<ref>al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa, vol. 1, p. 297.</ref>). The current structure of the mosque dates back to the reconstruction of 1270 AH/1853 CE.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=696 Mawsuʿat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab, vol. 4, p. 696.]</ref> The mosque was also restored in 1411 AH, and a restoration carried out after 1430 AH/2009 CE resulted in the mosque's current appearance.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=140 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 140.]; Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-ʿImāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 4, pp. 94 and 103.</ref><br />
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<br />
== Supplication of Fath Mosque ==<br />
This mosque is considered one of the significant mosques for Muslims in the early Islamic centuries.<ref name=":2" /> A supplication has been narrated for visitors to the mosque, which begins with "Lā ilāha illā Allāh al-ʿAẓīm al-Ḥalīm...."<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=694 Mawsuʿat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab, vol. 4, p. 694.]</ref> In Shiʿi sources, a supplication is also narrated, and it is recommended to recite it in [[Fath Mosque (Medina)|Fath Mosque]] after the [[taḥiyyat al-masjid prayer]]:<br />
<br />
{{نقل قول دوقلو<br />
| تیتر = Supplication of Fath Mosque|Yā ṣarīkha l-makrūbīn, wa yā mujība daʿwati l-muḍṭarrīn, wa yā mughītha l-mahmūmīn, ikshif ʿannī ḍurrī wa hammī wa karbī wa ghammī, kamā kashafta ʿan nabīyika ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa ālihi hammāhu, wa kafaytahu hawla ʿaduwwihi, wa kfinī mā ahammanī min amri l-dunyā wa l-ākhira, yā arḥama l-rāḥimīn.|O Helper of the distressed, O Answerer of the prayers of the helpless, O Reliever of the sorrowful, remove from me my harm, my worry, my distress, and my grief, just as You removed the worry from Your Prophet (s) and protected him from the terror of his enemy. And protect me from what concerns me in the affairs of this world and the Hereafter, O Most Merciful of the merciful.<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
<br />
=== Recent Images ===<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px"><br />
File:مسجد فتح 1.jpg|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 2.webp|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 3.webp|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 4.webp|alt=<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
=== Old Images of the Mosque from Different Years ===<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px"><br />
File:مسجد فتح 14.png|alt=|Image related to the reconstruction of 1270 AH/1853 CE<br />
File:مسجد فتح 9.jpg|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 11.jpg|alt=|General images of [[Fath Mosques]]<br />
File:مسجد فتح 12.jpg|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 5.webp|alt=|Images after the renovation of 1411 AH/1991 CE<br />
File:مسجد فتح 6.png|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 17.png|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 15.png|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 16.png|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 10.png|alt=<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
{{Notes}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
*'''al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa''', Shams al-Dīn al-Sakhāwī, Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1414 AH.<br />
*'''Mawsuʿat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab''', Ayyūb Ṣabrī Bāshā, Cairo, Dār al-Āfāq, 1424 AH.<br />
*'''Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī''', al-Bukhārī, Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1401 AH.<br />
*'''Iʿlām al-Warā bi-Aʿlām al-Hudā''', Shaykh al-Ṭabarsī, Qom, Āl al-Bayt, 1417 AH.<br />
*'''al-Istidhkār''', Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, n.p., Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 2000 CE.<br />
*'''Biḥār al-Anwār''', al-ʿAllāma al-Majlisī, Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1403 AH.<br />
*'''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-ʿImāra wa al-Tārīkh''', ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Kaʿkī, Medina, Publisher: Author, 2011 CE.<br />
*'''Tārīkh Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara Qadīman wa Ḥadīthan''', Yāsīn Aḥmad Khayārī, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 1419 AH.<br />
*'''Akhbār al-Madīna''', Muḥammad b. Ḥasan Ibn Zabāla, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 1424 AH.<br />
*'''Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara''', ʿUmar b. Shabbah al-Numayrī, n.d., n.p., version available on Wiki Hajj.<br />
*'''Masājid al-Athariyya''', Muḥammad Ilyās ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Maṭābiʿ al-Rashīd bi-l-Madīna al-Munawwara, second edition, 1419 AH.<br />
*'''Waṣf al-Madīna al-Munawwara''', ʿAlī b. Mūsā al-Afandī, Maṭbaʿat Nahḍat Miṣr.<br />
*'''al-Madīna bayn al-Māḍī wa al-Ḥāḍir''', al-Sayyid Ibrāhīm al-ʿAyyāshī, Medina, Maktabat al-ʿIlmiyya, 1972.<br />
*'''al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya''', ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-ʿAyyāshī, Abu Dhabi, Dār al-Suwaydī, 2006 CE.<br />
{{پایان}}{{اماکن مدینه}}<br />
[[Category:Mosques of Medina]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
<br />
[[ar:مسجد الفتح (المدينة المنورة)]]<br />
[[fa:مسجد فتح (مدینه)]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Fath_Mosque_(Medina)&diff=4214Fath Mosque (Medina)2026-10-06T13:53:04Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Old Images of the Mosque from Different Years */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{جعبه اطلاعات بنا<br />
| عنوان = <br />
| تصویر = مسجد_فتح.webp<br />
| اندازه تصویر = <br />
| پیوند تصویر = <br />
| توضیح تصویر = <br />
| نامهای دیگر = Masjid al-Aḥzāb * Masjid al-Aʿlā<br />
| مکان = [[Saudi Arabia]] * [[Medina]] * Western slope of [[Mount Sala']] <br />
| کاربری = Mosque<br />
| بزرگداشت نزد = Muslims<br />
| وابسته به دین/مذهب = Islam<br />
| باورها = <br />
| آیینها = <br />
| زمان پایهگذاری = <br />
| بنیانگذار = <br />
| رویدادها = <br />
| بازسازیها = <br />
| ویژگیهای تاریخی = <br />
| مساحت = <br />
| طول = <br />
| عرض = <br />
| ارتفاع = <br />
| وضعیت بنا = Existing<br />
| گنجایش = <br />
| امکانات = <br />
| بخشهای بنا = <br />
| ویژگیها = <br />
| عرض جغرافیایی = 24.477843<br />
| طول جغرافیایی = 39.595598<br />
| توضیح نقشه = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Fath Mosque''' is one of the ancient mosques of [[Medina]]. The [[Prophet (s)]] had set up his command tent for the [[Battle of the Trench|Battle of al-Aḥzāb]] on a part of [[Mount Sala']] where this mosque is now located, northwest of [[al-Masjid al-Nabawi]], and he used to pray there. The mosque has existed since the first century AH, and until the second and third centuries, the Prophet's prayer spot in the mosque's courtyard was marked by a pillar.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Location ==<br />
'''Fath Mosque''' is located on a section of the western slope of [[Mount Sala']]<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=138 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 138.]</ref>. Fath is the name of the area where the complex of [[Fath Mosques]] is situated. The most famous of these mosques, located at the highest part of the mountain slope, is Fath Mosque.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aتاریخ_معالم_المدینه_المنوره_قدیما_و_حدیثا.pdf&page=199 Tārīkh Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara Qadīman wa Ḥadīthan, p. 199.]</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== Origin and Names ==<br />
The location of the command tent of [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] during the [[Battle of al-Aḥzāb|Battle of al-Aḥzāb]] was at the site of this mosque<ref name=":1">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=900 Mawsuʿat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab, vol. 4, p. 900.]</ref>, and for this reason, this mosque has been named Masjid al-Aḥzāb. It was at this place that the Prophet asked God to defeat the "Aḥzāb" (confederates).<ref>Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, vol. 3, p. 234.</ref><ref name=":0" /></ref> The Prophet prayed for three days, and on Wednesday, after his prayer was answered, signs of joy appeared on his face.<ref>al-Istidhkār, vol. 2, p. 534.</ref> The spot where the Prophet prayed was marked by a pillar in the mosque's courtyard during the second and third centuries AH.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:تاریخ_مدینه_ابن_شبه.pdf&page=60 Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara, p. 60.]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:اخبار_المدینه_ابن_زباله.pdf&page=142 Akhbār al-Madīna, Ibn Zabāla, p. 142.]</ref><br />
<br />
It is narrated that the Prophet gave glad tidings of victory to the Muslims at this place, and for this reason, it was called Fath Mosque. Some also attribute the naming of the mosque to Fath (victory) to the revelation of Sura al-Fath at this location.<ref>Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-ʿImāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 4, p. 84.</ref> The name al-Aʿlā (the highest) for this mosque refers to its location on a high part of Mount Sala'.<ref name=":0">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=139 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 139.]</ref><br />
<br />
=== Prophet's Prayer in Fath Mosque ===<br />
The Prophet (s) performed the ʿaṣr prayer within the area of Fath Mosque.<ref name=":2">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aتاریخ_مدینه_ابن_شبه.pdf&page=59 Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara, p. 59.]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aاخبار_المدینه_ابن_زباله.pdf&page=143 Akhbār al-Madīna, Ibn Zabāla, p. 143.]</ref> On one of the nights of the Battle of al-Aḥzāb, the Prophet (s) stood on the high ground where Fath Mosque is located and asked for a volunteer to gather news about the enemy army. Ḥudhayfa set out for this task, and the Prophet waited for Ḥudhayfa to return.<ref>Iʿlām al-Warā bi-Aʿlām al-Hudā, vol. 1, p. 193.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== History of Construction ==<br />
The initial structure of the mosque was built by [[ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz]] (governor of Medina between 87-93 AH) and had one portico with three pillars.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=139 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 139.]</ref> The mosque building was renovated in 575 AH by Ḥusayn b. Abī al-Hayjāʾ (who was one of the viziers of the [[Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt]] and had also made expansions in al-Masjid al-Nabawi<ref>al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa, vol. 1, p. 297.</ref>). The current structure of the mosque dates back to the reconstruction of 1270 AH/1853 CE.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=696 Mawsuʿat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab, vol. 4, p. 696.]</ref> The mosque was also restored in 1411 AH, and a restoration carried out after 1430 AH/2009 CE resulted in the mosque's current appearance.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=140 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 140.]; Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-ʿImāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 4, pp. 94 and 103.</ref><br />
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<br />
<br />
== Supplication of Fath Mosque ==<br />
This mosque is considered one of the significant mosques for Muslims in the early Islamic centuries.<ref name=":2" /> A supplication has been narrated for visitors to the mosque, which begins with "Lā ilāha illā Allāh al-ʿAẓīm al-Ḥalīm...."<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=694 Mawsuʿat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab, vol. 4, p. 694.]</ref> In Shiʿi sources, a supplication is also narrated, and it is recommended to recite it in [[Fath Mosque (Medina)|Fath Mosque]] after the [[taḥiyyat al-masjid prayer]]:<br />
<br />
{{نقل قول دوقلو<br />
| تیتر = Supplication of Fath Mosque|Yā ṣarīkha l-makrūbīn, wa yā mujība daʿwati l-muḍṭarrīn, wa yā mughītha l-mahmūmīn, ikshif ʿannī ḍurrī wa hammī wa karbī wa ghammī, kamā kashafta ʿan nabīyika ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa ālihi hammāhu, wa kafaytahu hawla ʿaduwwihi, wa kfinī mā ahammanī min amri l-dunyā wa l-ākhira, yā arḥama l-rāḥimīn.|O Helper of the distressed, O Answerer of the prayers of the helpless, O Reliever of the sorrowful, remove from me my harm, my worry, my distress, and my grief, just as You removed the worry from Your Prophet (s) and protected him from the terror of his enemy. And protect me from what concerns me in the affairs of this world and the Hereafter, O Most Merciful of the merciful.<br />
}}<br />
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<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
<br />
=== Recent Images ===<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px"><br />
File:مسجد فتح 1.jpg|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 2.webp|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 3.webp|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 4.webp|alt=<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
=== Old Images of the Mosque from Different Years ===<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px"><br />
File:مسجد فتح 14.png|alt=|Image related to the reconstruction of 1270 AH/1853 CE<br />
File:مسجد فتح 9.jpg|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 11.jpg|alt=|General images of [[Fath Mosques]]<br />
File:مسجد فتح 12.jpg|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 5.webp|alt=|Images after the renovation of 1411 AH/1991 CE<br />
File:مسجد فتح 6.png|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 17.png|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 15.png|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 16.png|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 10.png|alt=<br />
</gallery><br />
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== Footnotes ==<br />
{{پانویس}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{منابع}}<br />
*'''al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa''', Shams al-Dīn al-Sakhāwī, Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1414 AH.<br />
*'''Mawsuʿat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab''', Ayyūb Ṣabrī Bāshā, Cairo, Dār al-Āfāq, 1424 AH.<br />
*'''Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī''', al-Bukhārī, Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1401 AH.<br />
*'''Iʿlām al-Warā bi-Aʿlām al-Hudā''', Shaykh al-Ṭabarsī, Qom, Āl al-Bayt, 1417 AH.<br />
*'''al-Istidhkār''', Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, n.p., Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 2000 CE.<br />
*'''Biḥār al-Anwār''', al-ʿAllāma al-Majlisī, Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1403 AH.<br />
*'''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-ʿImāra wa al-Tārīkh''', ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Kaʿkī, Medina, Publisher: Author, 2011 CE.<br />
*'''Tārīkh Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara Qadīman wa Ḥadīthan''', Yāsīn Aḥmad Khayārī, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 1419 AH.<br />
*'''Akhbār al-Madīna''', Muḥammad b. Ḥasan Ibn Zabāla, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 1424 AH.<br />
*'''Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara''', ʿUmar b. Shabbah al-Numayrī, n.d., n.p., version available on Wiki Hajj.<br />
*'''Masājid al-Athariyya''', Muḥammad Ilyās ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Maṭābiʿ al-Rashīd bi-l-Madīna al-Munawwara, second edition, 1419 AH.<br />
*'''Waṣf al-Madīna al-Munawwara''', ʿAlī b. Mūsā al-Afandī, Maṭbaʿat Nahḍat Miṣr.<br />
*'''al-Madīna bayn al-Māḍī wa al-Ḥāḍir''', al-Sayyid Ibrāhīm al-ʿAyyāshī, Medina, Maktabat al-ʿIlmiyya, 1972.<br />
*'''al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya''', ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-ʿAyyāshī, Abu Dhabi, Dār al-Suwaydī, 2006 CE.<br />
{{پایان}}{{اماکن مدینه}}<br />
[[Category:Mosques of Medina]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
<br />
[[ar:مسجد الفتح (المدينة المنورة)]]<br />
[[fa:مسجد فتح (مدینه)]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Fath_Mosque_(Medina)&diff=4213Fath Mosque (Medina)2026-10-05T13:35:10Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Recent Images */</p>
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<div>{{جعبه اطلاعات بنا<br />
| عنوان = <br />
| تصویر = مسجد_فتح.webp<br />
| اندازه تصویر = <br />
| پیوند تصویر = <br />
| توضیح تصویر = <br />
| نامهای دیگر = Masjid al-Aḥzāb * Masjid al-Aʿlā<br />
| مکان = [[Saudi Arabia]] * [[Medina]] * Western slope of [[Mount Sala']] <br />
| کاربری = Mosque<br />
| بزرگداشت نزد = Muslims<br />
| وابسته به دین/مذهب = Islam<br />
| باورها = <br />
| آیینها = <br />
| زمان پایهگذاری = <br />
| بنیانگذار = <br />
| رویدادها = <br />
| بازسازیها = <br />
| ویژگیهای تاریخی = <br />
| مساحت = <br />
| طول = <br />
| عرض = <br />
| ارتفاع = <br />
| وضعیت بنا = Existing<br />
| گنجایش = <br />
| امکانات = <br />
| بخشهای بنا = <br />
| ویژگیها = <br />
| عرض جغرافیایی = 24.477843<br />
| طول جغرافیایی = 39.595598<br />
| توضیح نقشه = <br />
}}<br />
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'''Fath Mosque''' is one of the ancient mosques of [[Medina]]. The [[Prophet (s)]] had set up his command tent for the [[Battle of the Trench|Battle of al-Aḥzāb]] on a part of [[Mount Sala']] where this mosque is now located, northwest of [[al-Masjid al-Nabawi]], and he used to pray there. The mosque has existed since the first century AH, and until the second and third centuries, the Prophet's prayer spot in the mosque's courtyard was marked by a pillar.<br />
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== Location ==<br />
'''Fath Mosque''' is located on a section of the western slope of [[Mount Sala']]<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=138 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 138.]</ref>. Fath is the name of the area where the complex of [[Fath Mosques]] is situated. The most famous of these mosques, located at the highest part of the mountain slope, is Fath Mosque.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aتاریخ_معالم_المدینه_المنوره_قدیما_و_حدیثا.pdf&page=199 Tārīkh Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara Qadīman wa Ḥadīthan, p. 199.]</ref><br />
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== Origin and Names ==<br />
The location of the command tent of [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] during the [[Battle of al-Aḥzāb|Battle of al-Aḥzāb]] was at the site of this mosque<ref name=":1">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=900 Mawsuʿat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab, vol. 4, p. 900.]</ref>, and for this reason, this mosque has been named Masjid al-Aḥzāb. It was at this place that the Prophet asked God to defeat the "Aḥzāb" (confederates).<ref>Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, vol. 3, p. 234.</ref><ref name=":0" /></ref> The Prophet prayed for three days, and on Wednesday, after his prayer was answered, signs of joy appeared on his face.<ref>al-Istidhkār, vol. 2, p. 534.</ref> The spot where the Prophet prayed was marked by a pillar in the mosque's courtyard during the second and third centuries AH.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:تاریخ_مدینه_ابن_شبه.pdf&page=60 Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara, p. 60.]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:اخبار_المدینه_ابن_زباله.pdf&page=142 Akhbār al-Madīna, Ibn Zabāla, p. 142.]</ref><br />
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It is narrated that the Prophet gave glad tidings of victory to the Muslims at this place, and for this reason, it was called Fath Mosque. Some also attribute the naming of the mosque to Fath (victory) to the revelation of Sura al-Fath at this location.<ref>Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-ʿImāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 4, p. 84.</ref> The name al-Aʿlā (the highest) for this mosque refers to its location on a high part of Mount Sala'.<ref name=":0">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=139 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 139.]</ref><br />
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=== Prophet's Prayer in Fath Mosque ===<br />
The Prophet (s) performed the ʿaṣr prayer within the area of Fath Mosque.<ref name=":2">[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aتاریخ_مدینه_ابن_شبه.pdf&page=59 Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara, p. 59.]; [https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aاخبار_المدینه_ابن_زباله.pdf&page=143 Akhbār al-Madīna, Ibn Zabāla, p. 143.]</ref> On one of the nights of the Battle of al-Aḥzāb, the Prophet (s) stood on the high ground where Fath Mosque is located and asked for a volunteer to gather news about the enemy army. Ḥudhayfa set out for this task, and the Prophet waited for Ḥudhayfa to return.<ref>Iʿlām al-Warā bi-Aʿlām al-Hudā, vol. 1, p. 193.</ref><br />
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== History of Construction ==<br />
The initial structure of the mosque was built by [[ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz]] (governor of Medina between 87-93 AH) and had one portico with three pillars.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=139 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 139.]</ref> The mosque building was renovated in 575 AH by Ḥusayn b. Abī al-Hayjāʾ (who was one of the viziers of the [[Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt]] and had also made expansions in al-Masjid al-Nabawi<ref>al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa, vol. 1, p. 297.</ref>). The current structure of the mosque dates back to the reconstruction of 1270 AH/1853 CE.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=696 Mawsuʿat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab, vol. 4, p. 696.]</ref> The mosque was also restored in 1411 AH, and a restoration carried out after 1430 AH/2009 CE resulted in the mosque's current appearance.<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده:مساجد_الاثریه.pdf&page=140 Masājid al-Athariyya, p. 140.]; Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-ʿImāra wa al-Tārīkh, part 4, vol. 4, pp. 94 and 103.</ref><br />
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== Supplication of Fath Mosque ==<br />
This mosque is considered one of the significant mosques for Muslims in the early Islamic centuries.<ref name=":2" /> A supplication has been narrated for visitors to the mosque, which begins with "Lā ilāha illā Allāh al-ʿAẓīm al-Ḥalīm...."<ref>[https://wikihaj.com/index.php?title=پرونده%3Aمرآة_الحرمین_ج۳-۴.pdf&page=694 Mawsuʿat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab, vol. 4, p. 694.]</ref> In Shiʿi sources, a supplication is also narrated, and it is recommended to recite it in [[Fath Mosque (Medina)|Fath Mosque]] after the [[taḥiyyat al-masjid prayer]]:<br />
<br />
{{نقل قول دوقلو<br />
| تیتر = Supplication of Fath Mosque|Yā ṣarīkha l-makrūbīn, wa yā mujība daʿwati l-muḍṭarrīn, wa yā mughītha l-mahmūmīn, ikshif ʿannī ḍurrī wa hammī wa karbī wa ghammī, kamā kashafta ʿan nabīyika ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa ālihi hammāhu, wa kafaytahu hawla ʿaduwwihi, wa kfinī mā ahammanī min amri l-dunyā wa l-ākhira, yā arḥama l-rāḥimīn.|O Helper of the distressed, O Answerer of the prayers of the helpless, O Reliever of the sorrowful, remove from me my harm, my worry, my distress, and my grief, just as You removed the worry from Your Prophet (s) and protected him from the terror of his enemy. And protect me from what concerns me in the affairs of this world and the Hereafter, O Most Merciful of the merciful.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
<br />
=== Recent Images ===<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px"><br />
File:مسجد فتح 1.jpg|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 2.webp|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 3.webp|alt=<br />
File:مسجد فتح 4.webp|alt=<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
=== Old Images of the Mosque from Different Years ===<br />
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px"><br />
پرونده:مسجد فتح 14.png|alt=|Image related to the reconstruction of 1270 AH/1853 CE<br />
پرونده:مسجد فتح 9.jpg|alt=<br />
پرونده:مسجد فتح 11.jpg|alt=|General images of [[Fath Mosques]]<br />
پرونده:مسجد فتح 12.jpg|alt=<br />
پرونده:مسجد فتح 5.webp|alt=|Images after the renovation of 1411 AH/1991 CE<br />
پرونده:مسجد فتح 6.png|alt=<br />
پرونده:مسجد فتح 17.png|alt=<br />
پرونده:مسجد فتح 15.png|alt=<br />
پرونده:مسجد فتح 16.png|alt=<br />
پرونده:مسجد فتح 10.png|alt=<br />
</gallery><br />
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<br />
<br />
== Footnotes ==<br />
{{پانویس}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{منابع}}<br />
*'''al-Tuḥfa al-Laṭīfa fī Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Sharīfa''', Shams al-Dīn al-Sakhāwī, Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1414 AH.<br />
*'''Mawsuʿat Mirʾāt al-Ḥaramayn al-Sharīfayn wa Jazīrat al-ʿArab''', Ayyūb Ṣabrī Bāshā, Cairo, Dār al-Āfāq, 1424 AH.<br />
*'''Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī''', al-Bukhārī, Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1401 AH.<br />
*'''Iʿlām al-Warā bi-Aʿlām al-Hudā''', Shaykh al-Ṭabarsī, Qom, Āl al-Bayt, 1417 AH.<br />
*'''al-Istidhkār''', Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, n.p., Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 2000 CE.<br />
*'''Biḥār al-Anwār''', al-ʿAllāma al-Majlisī, Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth, 1403 AH.<br />
*'''Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara bayn al-ʿImāra wa al-Tārīkh''', ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Kaʿkī, Medina, Publisher: Author, 2011 CE.<br />
*'''Tārīkh Maʿālim al-Madīna al-Munawwara Qadīman wa Ḥadīthan''', Yāsīn Aḥmad Khayārī, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 1419 AH.<br />
*'''Akhbār al-Madīna''', Muḥammad b. Ḥasan Ibn Zabāla, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 1424 AH.<br />
*'''Tārīkh al-Madīna al-Munawwara''', ʿUmar b. Shabbah al-Numayrī, n.d., n.p., version available on Wiki Hajj.<br />
*'''Masājid al-Athariyya''', Muḥammad Ilyās ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Maṭābiʿ al-Rashīd bi-l-Madīna al-Munawwara, second edition, 1419 AH.<br />
*'''Waṣf al-Madīna al-Munawwara''', ʿAlī b. Mūsā al-Afandī, Maṭbaʿat Nahḍat Miṣr.<br />
*'''al-Madīna bayn al-Māḍī wa al-Ḥāḍir''', al-Sayyid Ibrāhīm al-ʿAyyāshī, Medina, Maktabat al-ʿIlmiyya, 1972.<br />
*'''al-Riḥla al-ʿAyyāshiyya''', ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-ʿAyyāshī, Abu Dhabi, Dār al-Suwaydī, 2006 CE.<br />
{{پایان}}{{اماکن مدینه}}<br />
[[Category:Mosques of Medina]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
<br />
[[ar:مسجد الفتح (المدينة المنورة)]]<br />
[[fa:مسجد فتح (مدینه)]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Hadith_of_Shibli&diff=4212Hadith of Shibli2026-10-05T13:33:20Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Text of the Hadith of Shibli */</p>
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<div>'''Hadith of Shibli''' is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)]], in which the Imam explains some of the [[mystical secrets of Hajj]].<br />
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Shibli was a Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH who, after withdrawing from the [[Abbasid court]], turned to asceticism and mysticism and became a student of Junayd al-Baghdadi.<br />
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The narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in ''al-Tuhfah al-Saniyyah''. Although it later became widely known, some scholars have questioned its authenticity and have traced its origins to earlier Sufi texts.<br />
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== Shibli ==<br />
'''Shibli''' (Abu Bakr Dulaf ibn Jahdar al-Shibli)<ref>''History of Sufism: The Evolution of Islamic Mysticism from the Beginning to the Sixth Century AH'', Vol. 1, p. 116.</ref>, a renowned Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH, was born in [[Samarra]] in 247 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 3, p. 337.</ref> His father was from the village of Shibliyyah in Usrushana, Transoxiana, which is why he was called Shibli.<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 564; ''Mu'jam al-Udaba'', Vol. 1, p. 245.</ref> Shibli initially served in the [[Abbasid]] court and was the governor of Damavand,<ref>''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 273; ''Al-Muntazam'', Vol. 14, p. 51.</ref> but after repenting, he became a Sufi<ref>''Nafahat al-Uns'', p. 135; ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Vol. 1, p. 221.</ref> and was one of the students of Junayd of Baghdad.<ref>''Research in Iranian Sufism'', p. 154.</ref> He studied under Junayd for about six years and subsequently became famous for his asceticism and mysticism.<ref>''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Vol. 1, pp. 515-516.</ref>There is disagreement regarding his religious affiliation: some sources regard him as a [[Maliki]],<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 568; ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 448.</ref> while others identify him as a [[Shia]].<ref>''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Vol. 2, p. 32; ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Vol. 2, p. 231; ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Vol. 3, pp. 181-182.</ref> Shibli died in [[Baghdad]] in 334 or 335 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 338; ''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 572; ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 276.</ref><br />
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== Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)|Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a)]], in which the Imam, in a conversation with Shibli, explains the [[secrets]] and inner meanings of the rites of [[Hajj]].<br />
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This narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in the book ''Al-Tuhfah al-Sunniyyah'' by Sayyid Abdullah Jazairi (d. 1173 AH), and Muhaddith Nuri included it in ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il''; however, it has been stated that due to its absence in ancient sources and its status as a mursal report,{{enote|A mursal hadith is a term in hadith studies meaning that the name of the narrator is omitted from the chain of transmission.}} its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a) has been questioned, and some scholars have suggested that it may have originated in Sufi mystical texts.<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285; ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 1.</ref><br />
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=== Validation ===<br />
Some researchers, such as Sayyid Mohammad Reza Husseini Jalali, have accepted its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref> Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, despite doubts regarding the chain of transmission, has described the text of the narration as "strong and instructive".<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 35.</ref> In contrast, Muhammadi Reyshahri has regarded its content as mystical and therefore not attributable to the Ahl al-Bayt, suggesting it is a Sufi discourse that was later attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (a)]].<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285.</ref><br />
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Some researchers argue that the Shibli mentioned in this narration cannot have been Abu Bakr al-Shibli, the fourth-century Sufi of Baghdad, because he lived approximately two centuries after Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 344.</ref> Based on this, they have suggested that the name Shibli in this narration might be a corruption of another name (such as Shaybah ibn Nu'amah), who was a companion of Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref><br />
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In ancient Sufi texts and the works of some Sunni authors, narrations with a structure similar to the "Hadith of Shibli" can be found, in which Abu Bakr Shibli discusses the secrets and meanings of Hajj. Among the earliest examples are ''Tahdhib al-Asrar'' by Abu Sa'd Khargushi (d. 407 AH) and ''Haqa'iq al-Tafsir'' by Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami (d. 412 AH), Other sources<ref>Ibn al-Jawzi, Ibn Arabi, Khwarazmi.</ref> have also recorded similar narrations.<ref>''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 9.</ref> Among Persian sources, the same theme can be found in ''Kashf al-Mahjub''<ref>''Kashf al-Mahjub'', p. 474.</ref> and the poems of Nasir Khusraw.<ref>''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', p. 265.</ref><br />
<br />
== Content of the Hadith ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli addresses the rites of Hajj and their moral and mystical concepts, which generally include the following topics:<br />
<br />
==== Secrets of the Miqat and its Rites ====<br />
This section addresses the preliminaries of Hajj and explains the moral and mystical concepts of acts such as removing stitched clothing (purifying the inner and outer self)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 44.</ref>, wearing [[Ihram clothing]] (awakening)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 50.</ref>, [[Ghusl of Ihram]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 55.</ref>, prayer before Ihram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 64.</ref>, and [[Talbiyah]].<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 67.</ref> In these discourses, Ihram is interpreted as a symbol of entering a new stage of spiritual wayfaring.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 48.</ref><br />
<br />
==== Secrets of Entering the Haram and the Rites of Mecca ====<br />
In this section, entering the Haram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 78.</ref>, [[Tawaf]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 90.</ref>, [[Istilam]] of the Black Stone<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref>, the Station of Abraham<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 100.</ref>, drinking [[Zamzam|Zamzam water]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 112.</ref>, and [[Sa'i]] between [[Safa and Marwa]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 115.</ref> are examined from a mystical perspective; these acts are signs of recognizing the Master of the House<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 85.</ref> and the covenant of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref><br />
<br />
==== Secrets of Staying in the Sacred Sites ====<br />
This hadith also addresses staying in Mina<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, [[Arafat|staying in Arafat]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 130.</ref>, [[Mash'ar]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 155.</ref>, and the rites related to them, with each act accompanied by a moral or cognitive concept; such as exiting selfishness<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, altruism<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 162.</ref>, and beginning a new movement on the path of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 177.</ref><br />
<br />
Some believe that in this hadith, Imam Sajjad (AS) explains four stages of self-purification in Islamic ethics, known as *Murabata*.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref> These stages are: *Musharata* (making a covenant with oneself)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 40.</ref>, *Muraqaba* (self-monitoring)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref>, *Muhasaba* (evaluating actions)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 38.</ref>, and *Mu'ataba* (reproaching and correcting the self).<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 41.</ref><br />
<br />
== Text of the Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
{{text and translation<br />
| title = Hadith of Shibli and Translation<br />
| لَما رَجَعَ مَولانا زَیْنُ العابِدینَ ( ع) مِن الحَجِّ اسْتَقْبَلَهُ الشِبْلیُّ.<br />
فَقالَ ( ع) له: حَجَجْتَ یا شِبلیُّ؟<br />
| Shibli had gone to Hajj and after performing the rites of Hajj, he was honored to be in the presence of Imam Sajjad (a). The Imam (AS) asked him: "O Shibli, have you performed Hajj?"<br />
| قالَ: نَعَمْ یا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللّهِ.<br />
| Shibli: "Yes, O son of the Messenger of Allah."<br />
|فَقال ( ع ) : اَنَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ اغْتسَلْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ خَلَعْتَ ثَوْبَ الْمَعْصِیَةِ وَ لَبِسْتَ ثَوْبَ الطاعَة؟» قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you descended to the Miqat, did you intend that you cast off the garment of disobedience and put on the garment of obedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ ثِیابِکَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَجَرَّدْتَمِنَ الِّریاء وَ النِّفاقِ وَ الدُّخُولِ فی الشُّبَهاتِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you stripped off your stitched clothes, did you intend that you stripped yourself of hypocrisy, dissimulation, and entering into doubts?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ اغْتَسَلْتَ نَویْتَ اَنَّکَ اغْتَسَلْتَ مِنَ الْخَطایا وَ الذُّنُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Ghusl, did you intend that you washed yourself of sins and faults?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ: قالَ فما نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ لا تَجَرَّدْتَ عَن مَخیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ لا اغْتَسَلْتَ «ثُمَّ قالَ ( ع ) : تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ بِالْحَجِّ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not descend to the Miqat, nor did you strip off your stitched clothes, nor did you perform Ghusl."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you purify yourself, enter Ihram, and make the intention (contract) for Hajj?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) فَحینَ تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَتَنَظَّفْتَ بِنُورِ التَّوْبَةِ الْخالِصَةِ للّهِ تَعالی؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you purified yourself and made the intention, did you intend that you would forbid for yourself whatever Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فحِینَ اَحْرَمْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کلَّ مُحَرَّمٍ حَرَّمَه اللّهُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered Ihram, did you intend that you forbade for yourself every forbidden thing that Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ قَدْ حَلَلْتَ کُلَّ عَقْدٍ لِغَیْرِ اللّهِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you made the intention for Hajj, did you intend that you untied every knot (contract) for other than Allah?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع) : ما تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ لا اَحْرَمْتَ وَ لا عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ.» قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : اَدَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَصَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیِ الاِحْرامِ وَ لَبَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not purify yourself, nor did you enter Ihram, nor did you make the intention for Hajj." Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Miqat and say the Talbiyah?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ بِنِیَّةِ الزِّیارَةِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Miqat, did you intend that you entered with the intention of pilgrimage?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ (ع) : فحینَ صَلَّیْتَ الرَّکْعَتَینِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَقَرَّبْتَ اِلَیاللّه بِخَیْرِ الاَْعْمالِ مِنَ الصَّلاةِ وَ اَکْبَرِ حَسَناتِالْعِبادِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed the two rak'ats, did you intend that you drew near to Allah through the best of deeds, which is prayer, and the greatest of the servants' good deeds?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ لَبَّیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ نَطَقْتَ للّهِ سُبْحانَهُ بِکُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ صَمَتَّ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you said the Talbiyah, did you intend that you spoke for Allah the Glorified in every act of obedience and remained silent from every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : ما دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ وَ لا لَبَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ لَهُ ( علیه السلام ) : اَدَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not enter the Miqat, nor did you pray, nor did you say the Talbiyah."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Haram, see the Kaaba, and pray?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کُلَّ غِیْبَةٍ تَسْتَغِیبُهَا المُسْلِمِینَ مِنْ اَهْلِ مِلَّةِالاِْسْلامِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Haram, did you intend that you forbade upon yourself every backbiting of the Muslims of the Islamic community?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ وَصَلْتَ مَکَّةَ نَوَیْتَ بِقَلْبِکَ اَنَّکَ قَصَدْتَ اللّهَ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mecca, saw the Kaaba, and knew it was the House of Allah, did you intend to seek Allah the Glorified and cut yourself off from other than Him?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ لا رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ مَسَسْتَ الاْرَکانَ وَسَعَیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not enter the Haram, nor did you see the Kaaba, nor did you pray."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you perform Tawaf of the House, touch the corners, and perform Sa'i?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ سَعَیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ هَرَبتَ اِلَی اللّهِ وَ عَرَفَ مِنْکَ ذلِکَ عَلاّمُ الْغُیُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Sa'i, did you intend that you fled to Allah, and the Knower of the Unseen recognized that from you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ لا مَسَسْتَ الاَْرْکانَ وَ لا سَعَیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: صافَحْتَ الْحَجَرَ وَ وَقَفْتَ بِمَقامِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَصَلَّیْتَ بِهِ رَکْعَتَینِ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Tawaf of the House, nor did you perform Sa'i."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the Station of Abraham (AS) and pray two rak'ats there?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| فَصاحَ ( علیه السلام ) صَیْحَةً کادَ یُفارِقُ الدُّنیا. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : آهٍ آهٍ، مَنْ صافَحَ الْحَجَرَ الاَْسْوَدَ فَقَدْ صافَحَ اللّهَتَعالی. فَانْظُرْ یا مِسْکین لا تُضَیِّعْ اَجْرَ ما عَظُمَ حُرْمَتُهُ وَتَنْقُضِ الْمُصافَحَةَ بِالْمُخالَفَةِ وَ قَبْضِ الْحَرامِ نَظیرَاَهْلِ الآثامِ. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ حینَ وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ مَقامِ اِبْراهیمَ ( علیه السلام ) اَنَّکَ وَقَفْتَ عَلی کُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ تَخَلَّفْتَ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| At this, the Imam (a) let out a cry so loud he almost left this world, then said: "Ah, ah! Where is the one who has reached the station of proximity and shaken hands with God? If the Almighty, with all His greatness and majesty, brings a poor soul to this station, is it permissible for him to waste the sanctity of such a kind Lord? Never! It is not permissible for one who has shaken hands with God to then permit disobedience to Him."<br />
Then he said: "When you stood at the Station of Abraham, did you intend that you stood for every act of obedience and turned your back on every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ صَلَّیْتَ فِیهِ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ صَلَّیْتَ بِصَلاةِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَ اَرْغَمْتَ بِصَلاتِکَ اَنْفَ الشَّیطانِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed two rak'ats there, did you intend that you prayed like the prayer of Abraham (AS) and rubbed the nose of Satan in the dust with your prayer?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: فِما صافَحتَ الحَجَر الاَسوَد وَ لا وَقَفتَ عِندَ المَقام وَ لا صَلّیتَ فیهِ رَکعَتینِ». «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی بِئْرِ زَمْزَمَوَ شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not stand at the station, nor did you pray two rak'ats there."<br />
Then he said: "Did you go up to the Well of Zamzam and drink from its water?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی الطَّاعَةِ وَ غَضَضْتَ طَرْفَکَ عَنِ الْمَعْصِیَةِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went up to the Well of Zamzam, did you intend that you ascended toward obedience and cast your gaze away from disobedience?" Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَیْهَا وَ لَا شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا!» «ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: أَ سَعَیْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ مَشَیْتَ وَ تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَهُمَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not ascend to the well, nor did you drink from its water."<br />
Then he said: "Did you perform Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, and walk and move between them?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ: نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ بَیْنَ الرَّجَاءِ وَ الْخَوْفِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "From the Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, did you intend that you were between hope and fear?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا سَعَیْتَ وَ لَا مَشَیْتَ وَ لَا تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَة» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : أَ خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنًی؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Sa'i, nor did you walk or move between Safa and Marwa."<br />
Then he said: "Did you leave Mecca and go to Mina?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ آمَنْتَ النَّاسَ مِنْ لِسَانِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ وَ یَدِکَ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went to Mina, did you intend that you made the people safe from your tongue, your heart, and your hand?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنی» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ أَ وَقَفْتَ الْوَقْفَةَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِوَ عَرَفْتَ وَادِیَ نَمِرَةَ وَ دَعَوْتَ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ عِنْدَالْمِیلِ وَ الْجَمَرَاتِ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not go to Mina."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the station of Arafat? And did you ascend the Mountain of Mercy? And did you recognize the valley of Namira and call upon Allah the Glorified at the milestones and the Jamarat?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ هَلْ عَرَفْتَ بِمَوْقِفِکَبِعَرَفَةَ مَعْرِفَةَ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانَهُ أَمْرَ الْمَعَارِف وَالْعُلُومِ وَ عَرَفْتَ قَبْضَ اللَّهِ عَلَی صَحِیفَتِکَ وَ اطِّلَاعَهُعَلَی سَرِیرَتِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "At the station of Arafat, did you recognize the knowledge of Allah the Glorified and His awareness of your secrets and your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) نَوَیْتَ بِطُلُوعِکَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ یَرْحَمُ کُلَّ مُوءْمِن وَ مُوءْمِنَةٍ وَ یَتَوَلَّی کُلَّ مُسْلِمٍ وَ مُسْلِمَةٍ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you climbed the Mountain of Mercy, did you intend that Allah has mercy on every believing man and woman and takes charge of every Muslim man and woman?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُ حَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you were in Namira, did you intend that you would not command until you yourself obeyed, and you would not forbid until you yourself refrained?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُحَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ قَالَ لَا قَالَفَعِنْدَ مَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ الْعَلَمِ وَ النَّمِرَاتِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَاشَاهِدَةٌ لَکَ عَلَی الطَّاعَاتِ حَافِظَةٌ لَکَ مَعَ الْحَفَظَةِبِأَمْرِ رَبِّ السَّمَاوَاتِ؟ قالَ:لا. قالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَمَا وَقَفْتَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ لَا طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ لَاعَرَفْتَ نَمِرَةَ وَ لَا دَعَوْتَ وَ لَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ النَّمِرَاتِ.» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : مَرَرْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ صَلَّیْتَ قَبْلَ مُرُورِکَرَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ فِیهَا الْحَصَی وَمَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you go to Muzdalifa (Mash'ar)? And did you pick up the pebbles from the ground? And did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| <br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَحِینَ صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَا صَلَاةُ شُکْرٍ فِیلَیْلَةِ عَشْرٍ تَنْفِی کُلَّ عُسْرٍ وَ تُیَسِّرُ کُلَّ یُسْرٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَمْ تَعْدِلْ عَنْهُمَایَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا نَوَیْتَ أَنْ لَا تَعْدِلَ عَنْ دِینِ الْحَقِّیَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا لَا بِقَلْبِکَ وَ لَا بِلِسَانِکَ وَ لَابِجَوَارِحِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَینَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَفَعْتَ عَنْکَ کُلَّ مَعْصِیَةٍ وَ جَهْلٍ وَ ثَبَّتَّکُلَّ عِلْمٍ وَ عَمَلٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you walked in Muzdalifa and picked up the pebbles, did you intend that you removed every sin and ignorance from yourself and established every knowledge and deed?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَأَشْعَرْتَ قَلْبَکَ إِشْعَارَ أَهْلِ التَّقْوَی وَ الْخَوْفَ لِلَّهِعَزَّ وَ جَلَّ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram? Did you intend that you made the signs of the people of piety and fear the emblem of your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
|قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ لَامَشَیْتَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ وَ لَا رَفَعْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَی وَ لَامَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجَمْرَةَ وَ حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ وَذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ وَ رَجَعْتَ إِلَیمَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ <br />
| Imam (a): "You did not walk in Muzdalifa, nor did you pick up those pebbles, nor did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you pray in Mina? And did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat? And did you perform the Halq (shaving the head)? And did you slaughter your sacrifice? And did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf? And did you return to Mecca? And did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ مَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ أَنَّکَبَلَغْتَ إِلَی مَطْلَبِکِ وَ قَدْ قَضَی رَبُّکَ لَکَ کُلَّ حَاجَتِکَ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mina and performed the Ramy al-Jamarat, did you intend that you reached your goal and your Lord has fulfilled all your needs?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَمَیْتَ عَدُوَّکَ إِبْلِیسَ وَ غَضِبْتَهُ بِتَمَامِ حَجِّکَ النَّفِیسِ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ تَطَهَّرْتَ مِنَالْأَدْنَاسِ وَ مِنْ تَبِعَةِ بَنِی آدَمَ وَ خَرَجْتَ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِکَمَا وَلَدَتْکَ أُمُّکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you shaved your head, did you intend that you were purified of impurities and the consequences of the children of Adam, and you emerged from sins as the day your mother gave birth to you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ لَاتَخَافُ إِلَّا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ ذَنْبَکَ وَ لَا تَرْجُو إِلَّارَحْمَةَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed in the Masjid al-Khayf, did you intend that you would fear none but Allah the Almighty and your own sins, and hope for nothing but the mercy of Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا ذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ ذَبَحْتَ حَنْجَرَةَالطَّمَعِ بِمَا تَمَسَّکْتَ بِهِ مِنْ حَقِیقَةِ الْوَرَعِ وَ أَنَّکَاتَّبَعْتَ سُنَّةَ إِبْرَاهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) بِذَبْحِ وَلَدِهِ وَ ثَمَرَةِ فُوءَادِهِ وَ رَیْحَانِ قَلْبِهِ وَحَاجَّهُ سُنَّتُهُ لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُ وَ قَرَّبَهُ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَیلِمَنْ خَلْفَهُ؟ قَالَ: لَا <br />
| Imam (a): "When you slaughtered your sacrifice, did you intend that you slaughtered greed and followed the Sunnah of Abraham (AS) in sacrificing his son?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَجَعْتَ إِلَی مَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِنَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَفَضْتَ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی وَ رَجَعْتَإِلَی طَاعَتِهِ وَ تَمَسَّکْتَ بِوُدِّهِ وَ أَدَّیْتَ فَرَائِضَهُ وَتَقَرَّبْتَ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَی؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you returned to Mecca and performed the Tawaf al-Ifada, did you intend that you overflowed with the mercy of Allah the Almighty and returned to His obedience and drew near to Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ زَیْنُ الْعَابِدِینَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ لَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ وَ لَا حَلَقْتَرَأْسَکَ وَ لَا أَدَّیْتَ نُسُکَکَ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِالْخَیْفِ وَ لَا طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ وَلَا تَقَرَّبْتَ ارْجِعْفَإِنَّکَ لَمْ تَحُجَّ. فَطَفِقَ الشِّبْلِیُّ یَبْکِی عَلَی مَا فَرَّطَهُ فِیحَجِّهِ وَ مَا زَالَ یَتَعَلَّمُ حَتَّی حَجَّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ بِمَعْرِفَةٍوَ یَقِین».<br />
| Imam (a) said: "You did not reach Mina, nor did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat, nor did you shave your head, nor did you perform your rites, nor did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf, nor did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada, nor did you draw near to Allah, for you did not perform Hajj."<br />
Then Shibli began to weep for what he had neglected in his Hajj, and he continued to learn until he performed Hajj the following year with knowledge and certainty.<br />
...<br />
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}}<br />
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== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
<br />
* ''History of Sufism'', Mir Bagheri Fard, Seyyed Ali Asghar, Dehbashi, Mehdi, Tehran-Iran, Samt, 2013.<br />
* ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Ansari, Abdullah ibn Muhammad, Tehran-Iran, Toos, 1983.<br />
* ''History of Baghdad'', Khatib al-Baghdadi, Ahmad ibn Ali, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1997.<br />
* ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Ibn Khallikan, Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Fikr, n.d.<br />
* ''Nafahat al-Uns'', Jami, Abd al-Rahman ibn Ahmad, Calcutta-India, n.p., n.d.<br />
* ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Hujwiri, Ali ibn Uthman, Tehran-Iran, Soroush, 2004.<br />
* ''In Search of Iranian Sufism'', Zarrinkoub, Abdolhossein, Tehran-Iran, Amirkabir, 2024.<br />
* ''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Attar Nishapuri, Farid al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Sokhan, n.d.<br />
* ''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Shushtari, Nur Allah ibn Sharif al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Islamiyyeh, 1998.<br />
* ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Khansari, Seyyed Mohammad Baqir, Qom-Iran, Esmaeilian, 2011.<br />
* ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Modarres, Mohammad Ali, Qom-Iran, Imam Sadiq (AS) Institute, 2016.<br />
* ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il'', Nuri, Husayn ibn Muhammad Taqi, Beirut-Lebanon, Al al-Bayt, 1987.<br />
* ''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', Husayni Jalali Ha'iri, Seyyed Mohammad Reza, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2010.<br />
* ''Sahba-ye Safa'', Javadi Amoli, Abdullah, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2003.<br />
* ''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', Mohammadi Reyshahri, Mohammad, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2007.<br />
* ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: In Shi'a Narrations or Sufi Tales?'', Khameh-yar, Ahmad, Tehran-Iran, Journal of Hajj and Pilgrimage Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2021.<br />
* ''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', Qubadiyani, Nasir Khusraw, Tehran-Iran, Noor Computer Research Center for Islamic Sciences, n.d.<br />
* ''An Investigation into the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Traditions'', Husayni, Davood, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2021.<br />
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[[Category:Secrets of Hajj]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
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[[ar:حديث الشبلي]]<br />
[[fa:حدیث شبلی]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Hadith_of_Shibli&diff=4211Hadith of Shibli2026-10-05T13:32:54Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Text of the Hadith of Shibli */</p>
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<div>'''Hadith of Shibli''' is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)]], in which the Imam explains some of the [[mystical secrets of Hajj]].<br />
<br />
Shibli was a Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH who, after withdrawing from the [[Abbasid court]], turned to asceticism and mysticism and became a student of Junayd al-Baghdadi.<br />
<br />
The narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in ''al-Tuhfah al-Saniyyah''. Although it later became widely known, some scholars have questioned its authenticity and have traced its origins to earlier Sufi texts.<br />
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== Shibli ==<br />
'''Shibli''' (Abu Bakr Dulaf ibn Jahdar al-Shibli)<ref>''History of Sufism: The Evolution of Islamic Mysticism from the Beginning to the Sixth Century AH'', Vol. 1, p. 116.</ref>, a renowned Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH, was born in [[Samarra]] in 247 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 3, p. 337.</ref> His father was from the village of Shibliyyah in Usrushana, Transoxiana, which is why he was called Shibli.<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 564; ''Mu'jam al-Udaba'', Vol. 1, p. 245.</ref> Shibli initially served in the [[Abbasid]] court and was the governor of Damavand,<ref>''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 273; ''Al-Muntazam'', Vol. 14, p. 51.</ref> but after repenting, he became a Sufi<ref>''Nafahat al-Uns'', p. 135; ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Vol. 1, p. 221.</ref> and was one of the students of Junayd of Baghdad.<ref>''Research in Iranian Sufism'', p. 154.</ref> He studied under Junayd for about six years and subsequently became famous for his asceticism and mysticism.<ref>''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Vol. 1, pp. 515-516.</ref>There is disagreement regarding his religious affiliation: some sources regard him as a [[Maliki]],<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 568; ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 448.</ref> while others identify him as a [[Shia]].<ref>''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Vol. 2, p. 32; ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Vol. 2, p. 231; ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Vol. 3, pp. 181-182.</ref> Shibli died in [[Baghdad]] in 334 or 335 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 338; ''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 572; ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 276.</ref><br />
<br />
== Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)|Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a)]], in which the Imam, in a conversation with Shibli, explains the [[secrets]] and inner meanings of the rites of [[Hajj]].<br />
<br />
This narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in the book ''Al-Tuhfah al-Sunniyyah'' by Sayyid Abdullah Jazairi (d. 1173 AH), and Muhaddith Nuri included it in ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il''; however, it has been stated that due to its absence in ancient sources and its status as a mursal report,{{enote|A mursal hadith is a term in hadith studies meaning that the name of the narrator is omitted from the chain of transmission.}} its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a) has been questioned, and some scholars have suggested that it may have originated in Sufi mystical texts.<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285; ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 1.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Validation ===<br />
Some researchers, such as Sayyid Mohammad Reza Husseini Jalali, have accepted its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref> Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, despite doubts regarding the chain of transmission, has described the text of the narration as "strong and instructive".<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 35.</ref> In contrast, Muhammadi Reyshahri has regarded its content as mystical and therefore not attributable to the Ahl al-Bayt, suggesting it is a Sufi discourse that was later attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (a)]].<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285.</ref><br />
<br />
Some researchers argue that the Shibli mentioned in this narration cannot have been Abu Bakr al-Shibli, the fourth-century Sufi of Baghdad, because he lived approximately two centuries after Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 344.</ref> Based on this, they have suggested that the name Shibli in this narration might be a corruption of another name (such as Shaybah ibn Nu'amah), who was a companion of Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref><br />
<br />
In ancient Sufi texts and the works of some Sunni authors, narrations with a structure similar to the "Hadith of Shibli" can be found, in which Abu Bakr Shibli discusses the secrets and meanings of Hajj. Among the earliest examples are ''Tahdhib al-Asrar'' by Abu Sa'd Khargushi (d. 407 AH) and ''Haqa'iq al-Tafsir'' by Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami (d. 412 AH), Other sources<ref>Ibn al-Jawzi, Ibn Arabi, Khwarazmi.</ref> have also recorded similar narrations.<ref>''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 9.</ref> Among Persian sources, the same theme can be found in ''Kashf al-Mahjub''<ref>''Kashf al-Mahjub'', p. 474.</ref> and the poems of Nasir Khusraw.<ref>''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', p. 265.</ref><br />
<br />
== Content of the Hadith ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli addresses the rites of Hajj and their moral and mystical concepts, which generally include the following topics:<br />
<br />
==== Secrets of the Miqat and its Rites ====<br />
This section addresses the preliminaries of Hajj and explains the moral and mystical concepts of acts such as removing stitched clothing (purifying the inner and outer self)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 44.</ref>, wearing [[Ihram clothing]] (awakening)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 50.</ref>, [[Ghusl of Ihram]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 55.</ref>, prayer before Ihram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 64.</ref>, and [[Talbiyah]].<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 67.</ref> In these discourses, Ihram is interpreted as a symbol of entering a new stage of spiritual wayfaring.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 48.</ref><br />
<br />
==== Secrets of Entering the Haram and the Rites of Mecca ====<br />
In this section, entering the Haram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 78.</ref>, [[Tawaf]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 90.</ref>, [[Istilam]] of the Black Stone<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref>, the Station of Abraham<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 100.</ref>, drinking [[Zamzam|Zamzam water]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 112.</ref>, and [[Sa'i]] between [[Safa and Marwa]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 115.</ref> are examined from a mystical perspective; these acts are signs of recognizing the Master of the House<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 85.</ref> and the covenant of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref><br />
<br />
==== Secrets of Staying in the Sacred Sites ====<br />
This hadith also addresses staying in Mina<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, [[Arafat|staying in Arafat]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 130.</ref>, [[Mash'ar]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 155.</ref>, and the rites related to them, with each act accompanied by a moral or cognitive concept; such as exiting selfishness<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, altruism<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 162.</ref>, and beginning a new movement on the path of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 177.</ref><br />
<br />
Some believe that in this hadith, Imam Sajjad (AS) explains four stages of self-purification in Islamic ethics, known as *Murabata*.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref> These stages are: *Musharata* (making a covenant with oneself)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 40.</ref>, *Muraqaba* (self-monitoring)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref>, *Muhasaba* (evaluating actions)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 38.</ref>, and *Mu'ataba* (reproaching and correcting the self).<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 41.</ref><br />
<br />
== Text of the Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
{{text and translation<br />
| title = Hadith of Shibli and Translation<br />
| لَما رَجَعَ مَولانا زَیْنُ العابِدینَ ( ع) مِن الحَجِّ اسْتَقْبَلَهُ الشِبْلیُّ.<br />
فَقالَ ( ع) له: حَجَجْتَ یا شِبلیُّ؟<br />
| Shibli had gone to Hajj and after performing the rites of Hajj, he was honored to be in the presence of Imam Sajjad (a). The Imam (AS) asked him: "O Shibli, have you performed Hajj?"<br />
| قالَ: نَعَمْ یا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللّهِ.<br />
| Shibli: "Yes, O son of the Messenger of Allah."<br />
|فَقال ( ع ) : اَنَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ اغْتسَلْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ خَلَعْتَ ثَوْبَ الْمَعْصِیَةِ وَ لَبِسْتَ ثَوْبَ الطاعَة؟» قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you descended to the Miqat, did you intend that you cast off the garment of disobedience and put on the garment of obedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ ثِیابِکَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَجَرَّدْتَمِنَ الِّریاء وَ النِّفاقِ وَ الدُّخُولِ فی الشُّبَهاتِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you stripped off your stitched clothes, did you intend that you stripped yourself of hypocrisy, dissimulation, and entering into doubts?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ اغْتَسَلْتَ نَویْتَ اَنَّکَ اغْتَسَلْتَ مِنَ الْخَطایا وَ الذُّنُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Ghusl, did you intend that you washed yourself of sins and faults?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ: قالَ فما نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ لا تَجَرَّدْتَ عَن مَخیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ لا اغْتَسَلْتَ «ثُمَّ قالَ ( ع ) : تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ بِالْحَجِّ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not descend to the Miqat, nor did you strip off your stitched clothes, nor did you perform Ghusl."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you purify yourself, enter Ihram, and make the intention (contract) for Hajj?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) فَحینَ تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَتَنَظَّفْتَ بِنُورِ التَّوْبَةِ الْخالِصَةِ للّهِ تَعالی؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you purified yourself and made the intention, did you intend that you would forbid for yourself whatever Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فحِینَ اَحْرَمْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کلَّ مُحَرَّمٍ حَرَّمَه اللّهُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered Ihram, did you intend that you forbade for yourself every forbidden thing that Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ قَدْ حَلَلْتَ کُلَّ عَقْدٍ لِغَیْرِ اللّهِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you made the intention for Hajj, did you intend that you untied every knot (contract) for other than Allah?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع) : ما تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ لا اَحْرَمْتَ وَ لا عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ.» قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : اَدَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَصَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیِ الاِحْرامِ وَ لَبَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not purify yourself, nor did you enter Ihram, nor did you make the intention for Hajj." Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Miqat and say the Talbiyah?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ بِنِیَّةِ الزِّیارَةِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Miqat, did you intend that you entered with the intention of pilgrimage?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ (ع) : فحینَ صَلَّیْتَ الرَّکْعَتَینِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَقَرَّبْتَ اِلَیاللّه بِخَیْرِ الاَْعْمالِ مِنَ الصَّلاةِ وَ اَکْبَرِ حَسَناتِالْعِبادِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed the two rak'ats, did you intend that you drew near to Allah through the best of deeds, which is prayer, and the greatest of the servants' good deeds?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ لَبَّیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ نَطَقْتَ للّهِ سُبْحانَهُ بِکُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ صَمَتَّ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you said the Talbiyah, did you intend that you spoke for Allah the Glorified in every act of obedience and remained silent from every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : ما دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ وَ لا لَبَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ لَهُ ( علیه السلام ) : اَدَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not enter the Miqat, nor did you pray, nor did you say the Talbiyah."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Haram, see the Kaaba, and pray?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کُلَّ غِیْبَةٍ تَسْتَغِیبُهَا المُسْلِمِینَ مِنْ اَهْلِ مِلَّةِالاِْسْلامِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Haram, did you intend that you forbade upon yourself every backbiting of the Muslims of the Islamic community?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ وَصَلْتَ مَکَّةَ نَوَیْتَ بِقَلْبِکَ اَنَّکَ قَصَدْتَ اللّهَ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mecca, saw the Kaaba, and knew it was the House of Allah, did you intend to seek Allah the Glorified and cut yourself off from other than Him?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ لا رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ مَسَسْتَ الاْرَکانَ وَسَعَیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not enter the Haram, nor did you see the Kaaba, nor did you pray."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you perform Tawaf of the House, touch the corners, and perform Sa'i?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ سَعَیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ هَرَبتَ اِلَی اللّهِ وَ عَرَفَ مِنْکَ ذلِکَ عَلاّمُ الْغُیُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Sa'i, did you intend that you fled to Allah, and the Knower of the Unseen recognized that from you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ لا مَسَسْتَ الاَْرْکانَ وَ لا سَعَیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: صافَحْتَ الْحَجَرَ وَ وَقَفْتَ بِمَقامِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَصَلَّیْتَ بِهِ رَکْعَتَینِ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Tawaf of the House, nor did you perform Sa'i."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the Station of Abraham (AS) and pray two rak'ats there?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| فَصاحَ ( علیه السلام ) صَیْحَةً کادَ یُفارِقُ الدُّنیا. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : آهٍ آهٍ، مَنْ صافَحَ الْحَجَرَ الاَْسْوَدَ فَقَدْ صافَحَ اللّهَتَعالی. فَانْظُرْ یا مِسْکین لا تُضَیِّعْ اَجْرَ ما عَظُمَ حُرْمَتُهُ وَتَنْقُضِ الْمُصافَحَةَ بِالْمُخالَفَةِ وَ قَبْضِ الْحَرامِ نَظیرَاَهْلِ الآثامِ. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ حینَ وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ مَقامِ اِبْراهیمَ ( علیه السلام ) اَنَّکَ وَقَفْتَ عَلی کُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ تَخَلَّفْتَ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| At this, the Imam (a) let out a cry so loud he almost left this world, then said: "Ah, ah! Where is the one who has reached the station of proximity and shaken hands with God? If the Almighty, with all His greatness and majesty, brings a poor soul to this station, is it permissible for him to waste the sanctity of such a kind Lord? Never! It is not permissible for one who has shaken hands with God to then permit disobedience to Him."<br />
Then he said: "When you stood at the Station of Abraham, did you intend that you stood for every act of obedience and turned your back on every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ صَلَّیْتَ فِیهِ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ صَلَّیْتَ بِصَلاةِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَ اَرْغَمْتَ بِصَلاتِکَ اَنْفَ الشَّیطانِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed two rak'ats there, did you intend that you prayed like the prayer of Abraham (AS) and rubbed the nose of Satan in the dust with your prayer?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: فِما صافَحتَ الحَجَر الاَسوَد وَ لا وَقَفتَ عِندَ المَقام وَ لا صَلّیتَ فیهِ رَکعَتینِ». «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی بِئْرِ زَمْزَمَوَ شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not stand at the station, nor did you pray two rak'ats there."<br />
Then he said: "Did you go up to the Well of Zamzam and drink from its water?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی الطَّاعَةِ وَ غَضَضْتَ طَرْفَکَ عَنِ الْمَعْصِیَةِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went up to the Well of Zamzam, did you intend that you ascended toward obedience and cast your gaze away from disobedience?" Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَیْهَا وَ لَا شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا!» «ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: أَ سَعَیْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ مَشَیْتَ وَ تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَهُمَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not ascend to the well, nor did you drink from its water."<br />
Then he said: "Did you perform Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, and walk and move between them?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ: نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ بَیْنَ الرَّجَاءِ وَ الْخَوْفِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "From the Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, did you intend that you were between hope and fear?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا سَعَیْتَ وَ لَا مَشَیْتَ وَ لَا تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَة» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : أَ خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنًی؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Sa'i, nor did you walk or move between Safa and Marwa."<br />
Then he said: "Did you leave Mecca and go to Mina?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ آمَنْتَ النَّاسَ مِنْ لِسَانِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ وَ یَدِکَ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went to Mina, did you intend that you made the people safe from your tongue, your heart, and your hand?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنی» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ أَ وَقَفْتَ الْوَقْفَةَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِوَ عَرَفْتَ وَادِیَ نَمِرَةَ وَ دَعَوْتَ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ عِنْدَالْمِیلِ وَ الْجَمَرَاتِ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not go to Mina."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the station of Arafat? And did you ascend the Mountain of Mercy? And did you recognize the valley of Namira and call upon Allah the Glorified at the milestones and the Jamarat?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ هَلْ عَرَفْتَ بِمَوْقِفِکَبِعَرَفَةَ مَعْرِفَةَ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانَهُ أَمْرَ الْمَعَارِف وَالْعُلُومِ وَ عَرَفْتَ قَبْضَ اللَّهِ عَلَی صَحِیفَتِکَ وَ اطِّلَاعَهُعَلَی سَرِیرَتِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "At the station of Arafat, did you recognize the knowledge of Allah the Glorified and His awareness of your secrets and your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) نَوَیْتَ بِطُلُوعِکَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ یَرْحَمُ کُلَّ مُوءْمِن وَ مُوءْمِنَةٍ وَ یَتَوَلَّی کُلَّ مُسْلِمٍ وَ مُسْلِمَةٍ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you climbed the Mountain of Mercy, did you intend that Allah has mercy on every believing man and woman and takes charge of every Muslim man and woman?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُ حَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you were in Namira, did you intend that you would not command until you yourself obeyed, and you would not forbid until you yourself refrained?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُحَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ قَالَ لَا قَالَفَعِنْدَ مَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ الْعَلَمِ وَ النَّمِرَاتِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَاشَاهِدَةٌ لَکَ عَلَی الطَّاعَاتِ حَافِظَةٌ لَکَ مَعَ الْحَفَظَةِبِأَمْرِ رَبِّ السَّمَاوَاتِ؟ قالَ:لا. قالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَمَا وَقَفْتَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ لَا طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ لَاعَرَفْتَ نَمِرَةَ وَ لَا دَعَوْتَ وَ لَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ النَّمِرَاتِ.» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : مَرَرْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ صَلَّیْتَ قَبْلَ مُرُورِکَرَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ فِیهَا الْحَصَی وَمَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you go to Muzdalifa (Mash'ar)? And did you pick up the pebbles from the ground? And did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| <br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَحِینَ صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَا صَلَاةُ شُکْرٍ فِیلَیْلَةِ عَشْرٍ تَنْفِی کُلَّ عُسْرٍ وَ تُیَسِّرُ کُلَّ یُسْرٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَمْ تَعْدِلْ عَنْهُمَایَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا نَوَیْتَ أَنْ لَا تَعْدِلَ عَنْ دِینِ الْحَقِّیَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا لَا بِقَلْبِکَ وَ لَا بِلِسَانِکَ وَ لَابِجَوَارِحِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَینَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَفَعْتَ عَنْکَ کُلَّ مَعْصِیَةٍ وَ جَهْلٍ وَ ثَبَّتَّکُلَّ عِلْمٍ وَ عَمَلٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you walked in Muzdalifa and picked up the pebbles, did you intend that you removed every sin and ignorance from yourself and established every knowledge and deed?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَأَشْعَرْتَ قَلْبَکَ إِشْعَارَ أَهْلِ التَّقْوَی وَ الْخَوْفَ لِلَّهِعَزَّ وَ جَلَّ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram? Did you intend that you made the signs of the people of piety and fear the emblem of your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
|قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ لَامَشَیْتَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ وَ لَا رَفَعْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَی وَ لَامَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجَمْرَةَ وَ حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ وَذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ وَ رَجَعْتَ إِلَیمَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ <br />
| Imam (a): "You did not walk in Muzdalifa, nor did you pick up those pebbles, nor did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you pray in Mina? And did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat? And did you perform the Halq (shaving the head)? And did you slaughter your sacrifice? And did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf? And did you return to Mecca? And did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ مَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ أَنَّکَبَلَغْتَ إِلَی مَطْلَبِکِ وَ قَدْ قَضَی رَبُّکَ لَکَ کُلَّ حَاجَتِکَ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mina and performed the Ramy al-Jamarat, did you intend that you reached your goal and your Lord has fulfilled all your needs?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَمَیْتَ عَدُوَّکَ إِبْلِیسَ وَ غَضِبْتَهُ بِتَمَامِ حَجِّکَ النَّفِیسِ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ تَطَهَّرْتَ مِنَالْأَدْنَاسِ وَ مِنْ تَبِعَةِ بَنِی آدَمَ وَ خَرَجْتَ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِکَمَا وَلَدَتْکَ أُمُّکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you shaved your head, did you intend that you were purified of impurities and the consequences of the children of Adam, and you emerged from sins as the day your mother gave birth to you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ لَاتَخَافُ إِلَّا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ ذَنْبَکَ وَ لَا تَرْجُو إِلَّارَحْمَةَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed in the Masjid al-Khayf, did you intend that you would fear none but Allah the Almighty and your own sins, and hope for nothing but the mercy of Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا ذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ ذَبَحْتَ حَنْجَرَةَالطَّمَعِ بِمَا تَمَسَّکْتَ بِهِ مِنْ حَقِیقَةِ الْوَرَعِ وَ أَنَّکَاتَّبَعْتَ سُنَّةَ إِبْرَاهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) بِذَبْحِ وَلَدِهِ وَ ثَمَرَةِ فُوءَادِهِ وَ رَیْحَانِ قَلْبِهِ وَحَاجَّهُ سُنَّتُهُ لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُ وَ قَرَّبَهُ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَیلِمَنْ خَلْفَهُ؟ قَالَ: لَا <br />
| Imam (a): "When you slaughtered your sacrifice, did you intend that you slaughtered greed and followed the Sunnah of Abraham (AS) in sacrificing his son?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَجَعْتَ إِلَی مَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِنَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَفَضْتَ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی وَ رَجَعْتَإِلَی طَاعَتِهِ وَ تَمَسَّکْتَ بِوُدِّهِ وَ أَدَّیْتَ فَرَائِضَهُ وَتَقَرَّبْتَ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَی؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you returned to Mecca and performed the Tawaf al-Ifada, did you intend that you overflowed with the mercy of Allah the Almighty and returned to His obedience and drew near to Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ زَیْنُ الْعَابِدِینَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ لَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ وَ لَا حَلَقْتَرَأْسَکَ وَ لَا أَدَّیْتَ نُسُکَکَ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِالْخَیْفِ وَ لَا طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ وَلَا تَقَرَّبْتَ ارْجِعْفَإِنَّکَ لَمْ تَحُجَّ. فَطَفِقَ الشِّبْلِیُّ یَبْکِی عَلَی مَا فَرَّطَهُ فِیحَجِّهِ وَ مَا زَالَ یَتَعَلَّمُ حَتَّی حَجَّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ بِمَعْرِفَةٍوَ یَقِین».<br />
| Imam (a) said: "You did not reach Mina, nor did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat, nor did you shave your head, nor did you perform your rites, nor did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf, nor did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada, nor did you draw near to Allah, for you did not perform Hajj."<br />
Then Shibli began to weep for what he had neglected in his Hajj, and he continued to learn until he performed Hajj the following year with knowledge and certainty.<br />
...<br />
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{{End}}<br />
}}<br />
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== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
<br />
* ''History of Sufism'', Mir Bagheri Fard, Seyyed Ali Asghar, Dehbashi, Mehdi, Tehran-Iran, Samt, 2013.<br />
* ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Ansari, Abdullah ibn Muhammad, Tehran-Iran, Toos, 1983.<br />
* ''History of Baghdad'', Khatib al-Baghdadi, Ahmad ibn Ali, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1997.<br />
* ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Ibn Khallikan, Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Fikr, n.d.<br />
* ''Nafahat al-Uns'', Jami, Abd al-Rahman ibn Ahmad, Calcutta-India, n.p., n.d.<br />
* ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Hujwiri, Ali ibn Uthman, Tehran-Iran, Soroush, 2004.<br />
* ''In Search of Iranian Sufism'', Zarrinkoub, Abdolhossein, Tehran-Iran, Amirkabir, 2024.<br />
* ''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Attar Nishapuri, Farid al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Sokhan, n.d.<br />
* ''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Shushtari, Nur Allah ibn Sharif al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Islamiyyeh, 1998.<br />
* ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Khansari, Seyyed Mohammad Baqir, Qom-Iran, Esmaeilian, 2011.<br />
* ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Modarres, Mohammad Ali, Qom-Iran, Imam Sadiq (AS) Institute, 2016.<br />
* ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il'', Nuri, Husayn ibn Muhammad Taqi, Beirut-Lebanon, Al al-Bayt, 1987.<br />
* ''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', Husayni Jalali Ha'iri, Seyyed Mohammad Reza, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2010.<br />
* ''Sahba-ye Safa'', Javadi Amoli, Abdullah, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2003.<br />
* ''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', Mohammadi Reyshahri, Mohammad, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2007.<br />
* ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: In Shi'a Narrations or Sufi Tales?'', Khameh-yar, Ahmad, Tehran-Iran, Journal of Hajj and Pilgrimage Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2021.<br />
* ''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', Qubadiyani, Nasir Khusraw, Tehran-Iran, Noor Computer Research Center for Islamic Sciences, n.d.<br />
* ''An Investigation into the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Traditions'', Husayni, Davood, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2021.<br />
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[[Category:Secrets of Hajj]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
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[[ar:حديث الشبلي]]<br />
[[fa:حدیث شبلی]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Hadith_of_Shibli&diff=4210Hadith of Shibli2026-10-05T13:32:35Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Text of the Hadith of Shibli */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Hadith of Shibli''' is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)]], in which the Imam explains some of the [[mystical secrets of Hajj]].<br />
<br />
Shibli was a Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH who, after withdrawing from the [[Abbasid court]], turned to asceticism and mysticism and became a student of Junayd al-Baghdadi.<br />
<br />
The narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in ''al-Tuhfah al-Saniyyah''. Although it later became widely known, some scholars have questioned its authenticity and have traced its origins to earlier Sufi texts.<br />
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== Shibli ==<br />
'''Shibli''' (Abu Bakr Dulaf ibn Jahdar al-Shibli)<ref>''History of Sufism: The Evolution of Islamic Mysticism from the Beginning to the Sixth Century AH'', Vol. 1, p. 116.</ref>, a renowned Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH, was born in [[Samarra]] in 247 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 3, p. 337.</ref> His father was from the village of Shibliyyah in Usrushana, Transoxiana, which is why he was called Shibli.<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 564; ''Mu'jam al-Udaba'', Vol. 1, p. 245.</ref> Shibli initially served in the [[Abbasid]] court and was the governor of Damavand,<ref>''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 273; ''Al-Muntazam'', Vol. 14, p. 51.</ref> but after repenting, he became a Sufi<ref>''Nafahat al-Uns'', p. 135; ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Vol. 1, p. 221.</ref> and was one of the students of Junayd of Baghdad.<ref>''Research in Iranian Sufism'', p. 154.</ref> He studied under Junayd for about six years and subsequently became famous for his asceticism and mysticism.<ref>''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Vol. 1, pp. 515-516.</ref>There is disagreement regarding his religious affiliation: some sources regard him as a [[Maliki]],<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 568; ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 448.</ref> while others identify him as a [[Shia]].<ref>''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Vol. 2, p. 32; ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Vol. 2, p. 231; ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Vol. 3, pp. 181-182.</ref> Shibli died in [[Baghdad]] in 334 or 335 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 338; ''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 572; ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 276.</ref><br />
<br />
== Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)|Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a)]], in which the Imam, in a conversation with Shibli, explains the [[secrets]] and inner meanings of the rites of [[Hajj]].<br />
<br />
This narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in the book ''Al-Tuhfah al-Sunniyyah'' by Sayyid Abdullah Jazairi (d. 1173 AH), and Muhaddith Nuri included it in ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il''; however, it has been stated that due to its absence in ancient sources and its status as a mursal report,{{enote|A mursal hadith is a term in hadith studies meaning that the name of the narrator is omitted from the chain of transmission.}} its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a) has been questioned, and some scholars have suggested that it may have originated in Sufi mystical texts.<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285; ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 1.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Validation ===<br />
Some researchers, such as Sayyid Mohammad Reza Husseini Jalali, have accepted its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref> Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, despite doubts regarding the chain of transmission, has described the text of the narration as "strong and instructive".<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 35.</ref> In contrast, Muhammadi Reyshahri has regarded its content as mystical and therefore not attributable to the Ahl al-Bayt, suggesting it is a Sufi discourse that was later attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (a)]].<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285.</ref><br />
<br />
Some researchers argue that the Shibli mentioned in this narration cannot have been Abu Bakr al-Shibli, the fourth-century Sufi of Baghdad, because he lived approximately two centuries after Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 344.</ref> Based on this, they have suggested that the name Shibli in this narration might be a corruption of another name (such as Shaybah ibn Nu'amah), who was a companion of Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref><br />
<br />
In ancient Sufi texts and the works of some Sunni authors, narrations with a structure similar to the "Hadith of Shibli" can be found, in which Abu Bakr Shibli discusses the secrets and meanings of Hajj. Among the earliest examples are ''Tahdhib al-Asrar'' by Abu Sa'd Khargushi (d. 407 AH) and ''Haqa'iq al-Tafsir'' by Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami (d. 412 AH), Other sources<ref>Ibn al-Jawzi, Ibn Arabi, Khwarazmi.</ref> have also recorded similar narrations.<ref>''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 9.</ref> Among Persian sources, the same theme can be found in ''Kashf al-Mahjub''<ref>''Kashf al-Mahjub'', p. 474.</ref> and the poems of Nasir Khusraw.<ref>''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', p. 265.</ref><br />
<br />
== Content of the Hadith ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli addresses the rites of Hajj and their moral and mystical concepts, which generally include the following topics:<br />
<br />
==== Secrets of the Miqat and its Rites ====<br />
This section addresses the preliminaries of Hajj and explains the moral and mystical concepts of acts such as removing stitched clothing (purifying the inner and outer self)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 44.</ref>, wearing [[Ihram clothing]] (awakening)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 50.</ref>, [[Ghusl of Ihram]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 55.</ref>, prayer before Ihram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 64.</ref>, and [[Talbiyah]].<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 67.</ref> In these discourses, Ihram is interpreted as a symbol of entering a new stage of spiritual wayfaring.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 48.</ref><br />
<br />
==== Secrets of Entering the Haram and the Rites of Mecca ====<br />
In this section, entering the Haram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 78.</ref>, [[Tawaf]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 90.</ref>, [[Istilam]] of the Black Stone<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref>, the Station of Abraham<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 100.</ref>, drinking [[Zamzam|Zamzam water]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 112.</ref>, and [[Sa'i]] between [[Safa and Marwa]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 115.</ref> are examined from a mystical perspective; these acts are signs of recognizing the Master of the House<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 85.</ref> and the covenant of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref><br />
<br />
==== Secrets of Staying in the Sacred Sites ====<br />
This hadith also addresses staying in Mina<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, [[Arafat|staying in Arafat]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 130.</ref>, [[Mash'ar]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 155.</ref>, and the rites related to them, with each act accompanied by a moral or cognitive concept; such as exiting selfishness<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, altruism<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 162.</ref>, and beginning a new movement on the path of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 177.</ref><br />
<br />
Some believe that in this hadith, Imam Sajjad (AS) explains four stages of self-purification in Islamic ethics, known as *Murabata*.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref> These stages are: *Musharata* (making a covenant with oneself)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 40.</ref>, *Muraqaba* (self-monitoring)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref>, *Muhasaba* (evaluating actions)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 38.</ref>, and *Mu'ataba* (reproaching and correcting the self).<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 41.</ref><br />
<br />
== Text of the Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
{{text and translation<br />
| title = Hadith of Shibli and Translation<br />
| لَما رَجَعَ مَولانا زَیْنُ العابِدینَ ( ع) مِن الحَجِّ اسْتَقْبَلَهُ الشِبْلیُّ.<br />
فَقالَ ( ع) له: حَجَجْتَ یا شِبلیُّ؟<br />
| Shibli had gone to Hajj and after performing the rites of Hajj, he was honored to be in the presence of Imam Sajjad (a). The Imam (AS) asked him: "O Shibli, have you performed Hajj?"<br />
| قالَ: نَعَمْ یا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللّهِ.<br />
| Shibli: "Yes, O son of the Messenger of Allah."<br />
|فَقال ( ع ) : اَنَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ اغْتسَلْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ خَلَعْتَ ثَوْبَ الْمَعْصِیَةِ وَ لَبِسْتَ ثَوْبَ الطاعَة؟» قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you descended to the Miqat, did you intend that you cast off the garment of disobedience and put on the garment of obedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ ثِیابِکَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَجَرَّدْتَمِنَ الِّریاء وَ النِّفاقِ وَ الدُّخُولِ فی الشُّبَهاتِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you stripped off your stitched clothes, did you intend that you stripped yourself of hypocrisy, dissimulation, and entering into doubts?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ اغْتَسَلْتَ نَویْتَ اَنَّکَ اغْتَسَلْتَ مِنَ الْخَطایا وَ الذُّنُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Ghusl, did you intend that you washed yourself of sins and faults?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ: قالَ فما نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ لا تَجَرَّدْتَ عَن مَخیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ لا اغْتَسَلْتَ «ثُمَّ قالَ ( ع ) : تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ بِالْحَجِّ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not descend to the Miqat, nor did you strip off your stitched clothes, nor did you perform Ghusl."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you purify yourself, enter Ihram, and make the intention (contract) for Hajj?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) فَحینَ تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَتَنَظَّفْتَ بِنُورِ التَّوْبَةِ الْخالِصَةِ للّهِ تَعالی؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you purified yourself and made the intention, did you intend that you would forbid for yourself whatever Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فحِینَ اَحْرَمْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کلَّ مُحَرَّمٍ حَرَّمَه اللّهُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered Ihram, did you intend that you forbade for yourself every forbidden thing that Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ قَدْ حَلَلْتَ کُلَّ عَقْدٍ لِغَیْرِ اللّهِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you made the intention for Hajj, did you intend that you untied every knot (contract) for other than Allah?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع) : ما تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ لا اَحْرَمْتَ وَ لا عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ.» قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : اَدَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَصَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیِ الاِحْرامِ وَ لَبَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not purify yourself, nor did you enter Ihram, nor did you make the intention for Hajj." Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Miqat and say the Talbiyah?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ بِنِیَّةِ الزِّیارَةِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Miqat, did you intend that you entered with the intention of pilgrimage?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ (ع) : فحینَ صَلَّیْتَ الرَّکْعَتَینِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَقَرَّبْتَ اِلَیاللّه بِخَیْرِ الاَْعْمالِ مِنَ الصَّلاةِ وَ اَکْبَرِ حَسَناتِالْعِبادِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed the two rak'ats, did you intend that you drew near to Allah through the best of deeds, which is prayer, and the greatest of the servants' good deeds?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ لَبَّیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ نَطَقْتَ للّهِ سُبْحانَهُ بِکُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ صَمَتَّ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you said the Talbiyah, did you intend that you spoke for Allah the Glorified in every act of obedience and remained silent from every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : ما دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ وَ لا لَبَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ لَهُ ( علیه السلام ) : اَدَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not enter the Miqat, nor did you pray, nor did you say the Talbiyah."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Haram, see the Kaaba, and pray?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کُلَّ غِیْبَةٍ تَسْتَغِیبُهَا المُسْلِمِینَ مِنْ اَهْلِ مِلَّةِالاِْسْلامِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Haram, did you intend that you forbade upon yourself every backbiting of the Muslims of the Islamic community?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ وَصَلْتَ مَکَّةَ نَوَیْتَ بِقَلْبِکَ اَنَّکَ قَصَدْتَ اللّهَ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mecca, saw the Kaaba, and knew it was the House of Allah, did you intend to seek Allah the Glorified and cut yourself off from other than Him?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ لا رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ مَسَسْتَ الاْرَکانَ وَسَعَیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not enter the Haram, nor did you see the Kaaba, nor did you pray."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you perform Tawaf of the House, touch the corners, and perform Sa'i?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ سَعَیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ هَرَبتَ اِلَی اللّهِ وَ عَرَفَ مِنْکَ ذلِکَ عَلاّمُ الْغُیُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Sa'i, did you intend that you fled to Allah, and the Knower of the Unseen recognized that from you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ لا مَسَسْتَ الاَْرْکانَ وَ لا سَعَیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: صافَحْتَ الْحَجَرَ وَ وَقَفْتَ بِمَقامِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَصَلَّیْتَ بِهِ رَکْعَتَینِ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Tawaf of the House, nor did you perform Sa'i."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the Station of Abraham (AS) and pray two rak'ats there?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| فَصاحَ ( علیه السلام ) صَیْحَةً کادَ یُفارِقُ الدُّنیا. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : آهٍ آهٍ، مَنْ صافَحَ الْحَجَرَ الاَْسْوَدَ فَقَدْ صافَحَ اللّهَتَعالی. فَانْظُرْ یا مِسْکین لا تُضَیِّعْ اَجْرَ ما عَظُمَ حُرْمَتُهُ وَتَنْقُضِ الْمُصافَحَةَ بِالْمُخالَفَةِ وَ قَبْضِ الْحَرامِ نَظیرَاَهْلِ الآثامِ. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ حینَ وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ مَقامِ اِبْراهیمَ ( علیه السلام ) اَنَّکَ وَقَفْتَ عَلی کُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ تَخَلَّفْتَ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| At this, the Imam (a) let out a cry so loud he almost left this world, then said: "Ah, ah! Where is the one who has reached the station of proximity and shaken hands with God? If the Almighty, with all His greatness and majesty, brings a poor soul to this station, is it permissible for him to waste the sanctity of such a kind Lord? Never! It is not permissible for one who has shaken hands with God to then permit disobedience to Him."<br />
Then he said: "When you stood at the Station of Abraham, did you intend that you stood for every act of obedience and turned your back on every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ صَلَّیْتَ فِیهِ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ صَلَّیْتَ بِصَلاةِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَ اَرْغَمْتَ بِصَلاتِکَ اَنْفَ الشَّیطانِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed two rak'ats there, did you intend that you prayed like the prayer of Abraham (AS) and rubbed the nose of Satan in the dust with your prayer?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: فِما صافَحتَ الحَجَر الاَسوَد وَ لا وَقَفتَ عِندَ المَقام وَ لا صَلّیتَ فیهِ رَکعَتینِ». «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی بِئْرِ زَمْزَمَوَ شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not stand at the station, nor did you pray two rak'ats there."<br />
Then he said: "Did you go up to the Well of Zamzam and drink from its water?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی الطَّاعَةِ وَ غَضَضْتَ طَرْفَکَ عَنِ الْمَعْصِیَةِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went up to the Well of Zamzam, did you intend that you ascended toward obedience and cast your gaze away from disobedience?" Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَیْهَا وَ لَا شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا!» «ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: أَ سَعَیْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ مَشَیْتَ وَ تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَهُمَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not ascend to the well, nor did you drink from its water."<br />
Then he said: "Did you perform Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, and walk and move between them?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ: نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ بَیْنَ الرَّجَاءِ وَ الْخَوْفِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "From the Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, did you intend that you were between hope and fear?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا سَعَیْتَ وَ لَا مَشَیْتَ وَ لَا تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَة» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : أَ خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنًی؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Sa'i, nor did you walk or move between Safa and Marwa."<br />
Then he said: "Did you leave Mecca and go to Mina?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ آمَنْتَ النَّاسَ مِنْ لِسَانِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ وَ یَدِکَ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went to Mina, did you intend that you made the people safe from your tongue, your heart, and your hand?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنی» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ أَ وَقَفْتَ الْوَقْفَةَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِوَ عَرَفْتَ وَادِیَ نَمِرَةَ وَ دَعَوْتَ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ عِنْدَالْمِیلِ وَ الْجَمَرَاتِ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not go to Mina."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the station of Arafat? And did you ascend the Mountain of Mercy? And did you recognize the valley of Namira and call upon Allah the Glorified at the milestones and the Jamarat?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ هَلْ عَرَفْتَ بِمَوْقِفِکَبِعَرَفَةَ مَعْرِفَةَ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانَهُ أَمْرَ الْمَعَارِف وَالْعُلُومِ وَ عَرَفْتَ قَبْضَ اللَّهِ عَلَی صَحِیفَتِکَ وَ اطِّلَاعَهُعَلَی سَرِیرَتِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "At the station of Arafat, did you recognize the knowledge of Allah the Glorified and His awareness of your secrets and your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) نَوَیْتَ بِطُلُوعِکَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ یَرْحَمُ کُلَّ مُوءْمِن وَ مُوءْمِنَةٍ وَ یَتَوَلَّی کُلَّ مُسْلِمٍ وَ مُسْلِمَةٍ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you climbed the Mountain of Mercy, did you intend that Allah has mercy on every believing man and woman and takes charge of every Muslim man and woman?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُ حَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you were in Namira, did you intend that you would not command until you yourself obeyed, and you would not forbid until you yourself refrained?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُحَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ قَالَ لَا قَالَفَعِنْدَ مَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ الْعَلَمِ وَ النَّمِرَاتِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَاشَاهِدَةٌ لَکَ عَلَی الطَّاعَاتِ حَافِظَةٌ لَکَ مَعَ الْحَفَظَةِبِأَمْرِ رَبِّ السَّمَاوَاتِ؟ قالَ:لا. قالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَمَا وَقَفْتَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ لَا طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ لَاعَرَفْتَ نَمِرَةَ وَ لَا دَعَوْتَ وَ لَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ النَّمِرَاتِ.» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : مَرَرْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ صَلَّیْتَ قَبْلَ مُرُورِکَرَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ فِیهَا الْحَصَی وَمَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you go to Muzdalifa (Mash'ar)? And did you pick up the pebbles from the ground? And did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| <br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَحِینَ صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَا صَلَاةُ شُکْرٍ فِیلَیْلَةِ عَشْرٍ تَنْفِی کُلَّ عُسْرٍ وَ تُیَسِّرُ کُلَّ یُسْرٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَمْ تَعْدِلْ عَنْهُمَایَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا نَوَیْتَ أَنْ لَا تَعْدِلَ عَنْ دِینِ الْحَقِّیَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا لَا بِقَلْبِکَ وَ لَا بِلِسَانِکَ وَ لَابِجَوَارِحِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَینَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَفَعْتَ عَنْکَ کُلَّ مَعْصِیَةٍ وَ جَهْلٍ وَ ثَبَّتَّکُلَّ عِلْمٍ وَ عَمَلٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you walked in Muzdalifa and picked up the pebbles, did you intend that you removed every sin and ignorance from yourself and established every knowledge and deed?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَأَشْعَرْتَ قَلْبَکَ إِشْعَارَ أَهْلِ التَّقْوَی وَ الْخَوْفَ لِلَّهِعَزَّ وَ جَلَّ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram? Did you intend that you made the signs of the people of piety and fear the emblem of your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
|قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ لَامَشَیْتَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ وَ لَا رَفَعْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَی وَ لَامَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجَمْرَةَ وَ حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ وَذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ وَ رَجَعْتَ إِلَیمَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ <br />
| Imam (a): "You did not walk in Muzdalifa, nor did you pick up those pebbles, nor did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you pray in Mina? And did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat? And did you perform the Halq (shaving the head)? And did you slaughter your sacrifice? And did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf? And did you return to Mecca? And did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ مَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ أَنَّکَبَلَغْتَ إِلَی مَطْلَبِکِ وَ قَدْ قَضَی رَبُّکَ لَکَ کُلَّ حَاجَتِکَ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mina and performed the Ramy al-Jamarat, did you intend that you reached your goal and your Lord has fulfilled all your needs?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَمَیْتَ عَدُوَّکَ إِبْلِیسَ وَ غَضِبْتَهُ بِتَمَامِ حَجِّکَ النَّفِیسِ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ تَطَهَّرْتَ مِنَالْأَدْنَاسِ وَ مِنْ تَبِعَةِ بَنِی آدَمَ وَ خَرَجْتَ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِکَمَا وَلَدَتْکَ أُمُّکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you shaved your head, did you intend that you were purified of impurities and the consequences of the children of Adam, and you emerged from sins as the day your mother gave birth to you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ لَاتَخَافُ إِلَّا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ ذَنْبَکَ وَ لَا تَرْجُو إِلَّارَحْمَةَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed in the Masjid al-Khayf, did you intend that you would fear none but Allah the Almighty and your own sins, and hope for nothing but the mercy of Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا ذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ ذَبَحْتَ حَنْجَرَةَالطَّمَعِ بِمَا تَمَسَّکْتَ بِهِ مِنْ حَقِیقَةِ الْوَرَعِ وَ أَنَّکَاتَّبَعْتَ سُنَّةَ إِبْرَاهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) بِذَبْحِ وَلَدِهِ وَ ثَمَرَةِ فُوءَادِهِ وَ رَیْحَانِ قَلْبِهِ وَحَاجَّهُ سُنَّتُهُ لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُ وَ قَرَّبَهُ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَیلِمَنْ خَلْفَهُ؟ قَالَ: لَا <br />
| Imam (a): "When you slaughtered your sacrifice, did you intend that you slaughtered greed and followed the Sunnah of Abraham (AS) in sacrificing his son?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَجَعْتَ إِلَی مَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِنَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَفَضْتَ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی وَ رَجَعْتَإِلَی طَاعَتِهِ وَ تَمَسَّکْتَ بِوُدِّهِ وَ أَدَّیْتَ فَرَائِضَهُ وَتَقَرَّبْتَ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَی؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you returned to Mecca and performed the Tawaf al-Ifada, did you intend that you overflowed with the mercy of Allah the Almighty and returned to His obedience and drew near to Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ زَیْنُ الْعَابِدِینَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ لَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ وَ لَا حَلَقْتَرَأْسَکَ وَ لَا أَدَّیْتَ نُسُکَکَ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِالْخَیْفِ وَ لَا طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ وَلَا تَقَرَّبْتَ ارْجِعْفَإِنَّکَ لَمْ تَحُجَّ. فَطَفِقَ الشِّبْلِیُّ یَبْکِی عَلَی مَا فَرَّطَهُ فِیحَجِّهِ وَ مَا زَالَ یَتَعَلَّمُ حَتَّی حَجَّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ بِمَعْرِفَةٍوَ یَقِین».<br />
| Imam (a) said: "You did not reach Mina, nor did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat, nor did you shave your head, nor did you perform your rites, nor did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf, nor did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada, nor did you draw near to Allah, for you did not perform Hajj."<br />
Then Shibli began to weep for what he had neglected in his Hajj, and he continued to learn until he performed Hajj the following year with knowledge and certainty.<br />
...<br />
| height = <!-- e.g. 20em --><br />
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{{End}}<br />
<br />
== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
<br />
* ''History of Sufism'', Mir Bagheri Fard, Seyyed Ali Asghar, Dehbashi, Mehdi, Tehran-Iran, Samt, 2013.<br />
* ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Ansari, Abdullah ibn Muhammad, Tehran-Iran, Toos, 1983.<br />
* ''History of Baghdad'', Khatib al-Baghdadi, Ahmad ibn Ali, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1997.<br />
* ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Ibn Khallikan, Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Fikr, n.d.<br />
* ''Nafahat al-Uns'', Jami, Abd al-Rahman ibn Ahmad, Calcutta-India, n.p., n.d.<br />
* ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Hujwiri, Ali ibn Uthman, Tehran-Iran, Soroush, 2004.<br />
* ''In Search of Iranian Sufism'', Zarrinkoub, Abdolhossein, Tehran-Iran, Amirkabir, 2024.<br />
* ''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Attar Nishapuri, Farid al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Sokhan, n.d.<br />
* ''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Shushtari, Nur Allah ibn Sharif al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Islamiyyeh, 1998.<br />
* ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Khansari, Seyyed Mohammad Baqir, Qom-Iran, Esmaeilian, 2011.<br />
* ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Modarres, Mohammad Ali, Qom-Iran, Imam Sadiq (AS) Institute, 2016.<br />
* ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il'', Nuri, Husayn ibn Muhammad Taqi, Beirut-Lebanon, Al al-Bayt, 1987.<br />
* ''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', Husayni Jalali Ha'iri, Seyyed Mohammad Reza, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2010.<br />
* ''Sahba-ye Safa'', Javadi Amoli, Abdullah, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2003.<br />
* ''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', Mohammadi Reyshahri, Mohammad, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2007.<br />
* ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: In Shi'a Narrations or Sufi Tales?'', Khameh-yar, Ahmad, Tehran-Iran, Journal of Hajj and Pilgrimage Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2021.<br />
* ''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', Qubadiyani, Nasir Khusraw, Tehran-Iran, Noor Computer Research Center for Islamic Sciences, n.d.<br />
* ''An Investigation into the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Traditions'', Husayni, Davood, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2021.<br />
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[[Category:Secrets of Hajj]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
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[[ar:حديث الشبلي]]<br />
[[fa:حدیث شبلی]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Hadith_of_Shibli&diff=4209Hadith of Shibli2026-10-05T13:32:02Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Text of the Hadith of Shibli */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Hadith of Shibli''' is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)]], in which the Imam explains some of the [[mystical secrets of Hajj]].<br />
<br />
Shibli was a Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH who, after withdrawing from the [[Abbasid court]], turned to asceticism and mysticism and became a student of Junayd al-Baghdadi.<br />
<br />
The narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in ''al-Tuhfah al-Saniyyah''. Although it later became widely known, some scholars have questioned its authenticity and have traced its origins to earlier Sufi texts.<br />
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== Shibli ==<br />
'''Shibli''' (Abu Bakr Dulaf ibn Jahdar al-Shibli)<ref>''History of Sufism: The Evolution of Islamic Mysticism from the Beginning to the Sixth Century AH'', Vol. 1, p. 116.</ref>, a renowned Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH, was born in [[Samarra]] in 247 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 3, p. 337.</ref> His father was from the village of Shibliyyah in Usrushana, Transoxiana, which is why he was called Shibli.<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 564; ''Mu'jam al-Udaba'', Vol. 1, p. 245.</ref> Shibli initially served in the [[Abbasid]] court and was the governor of Damavand,<ref>''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 273; ''Al-Muntazam'', Vol. 14, p. 51.</ref> but after repenting, he became a Sufi<ref>''Nafahat al-Uns'', p. 135; ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Vol. 1, p. 221.</ref> and was one of the students of Junayd of Baghdad.<ref>''Research in Iranian Sufism'', p. 154.</ref> He studied under Junayd for about six years and subsequently became famous for his asceticism and mysticism.<ref>''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Vol. 1, pp. 515-516.</ref>There is disagreement regarding his religious affiliation: some sources regard him as a [[Maliki]],<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 568; ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 448.</ref> while others identify him as a [[Shia]].<ref>''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Vol. 2, p. 32; ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Vol. 2, p. 231; ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Vol. 3, pp. 181-182.</ref> Shibli died in [[Baghdad]] in 334 or 335 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 338; ''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 572; ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 276.</ref><br />
<br />
== Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)|Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a)]], in which the Imam, in a conversation with Shibli, explains the [[secrets]] and inner meanings of the rites of [[Hajj]].<br />
<br />
This narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in the book ''Al-Tuhfah al-Sunniyyah'' by Sayyid Abdullah Jazairi (d. 1173 AH), and Muhaddith Nuri included it in ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il''; however, it has been stated that due to its absence in ancient sources and its status as a mursal report,{{enote|A mursal hadith is a term in hadith studies meaning that the name of the narrator is omitted from the chain of transmission.}} its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a) has been questioned, and some scholars have suggested that it may have originated in Sufi mystical texts.<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285; ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 1.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Validation ===<br />
Some researchers, such as Sayyid Mohammad Reza Husseini Jalali, have accepted its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref> Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, despite doubts regarding the chain of transmission, has described the text of the narration as "strong and instructive".<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 35.</ref> In contrast, Muhammadi Reyshahri has regarded its content as mystical and therefore not attributable to the Ahl al-Bayt, suggesting it is a Sufi discourse that was later attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (a)]].<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285.</ref><br />
<br />
Some researchers argue that the Shibli mentioned in this narration cannot have been Abu Bakr al-Shibli, the fourth-century Sufi of Baghdad, because he lived approximately two centuries after Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 344.</ref> Based on this, they have suggested that the name Shibli in this narration might be a corruption of another name (such as Shaybah ibn Nu'amah), who was a companion of Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref><br />
<br />
In ancient Sufi texts and the works of some Sunni authors, narrations with a structure similar to the "Hadith of Shibli" can be found, in which Abu Bakr Shibli discusses the secrets and meanings of Hajj. Among the earliest examples are ''Tahdhib al-Asrar'' by Abu Sa'd Khargushi (d. 407 AH) and ''Haqa'iq al-Tafsir'' by Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami (d. 412 AH), Other sources<ref>Ibn al-Jawzi, Ibn Arabi, Khwarazmi.</ref> have also recorded similar narrations.<ref>''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 9.</ref> Among Persian sources, the same theme can be found in ''Kashf al-Mahjub''<ref>''Kashf al-Mahjub'', p. 474.</ref> and the poems of Nasir Khusraw.<ref>''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', p. 265.</ref><br />
<br />
== Content of the Hadith ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli addresses the rites of Hajj and their moral and mystical concepts, which generally include the following topics:<br />
<br />
==== Secrets of the Miqat and its Rites ====<br />
This section addresses the preliminaries of Hajj and explains the moral and mystical concepts of acts such as removing stitched clothing (purifying the inner and outer self)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 44.</ref>, wearing [[Ihram clothing]] (awakening)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 50.</ref>, [[Ghusl of Ihram]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 55.</ref>, prayer before Ihram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 64.</ref>, and [[Talbiyah]].<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 67.</ref> In these discourses, Ihram is interpreted as a symbol of entering a new stage of spiritual wayfaring.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 48.</ref><br />
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==== Secrets of Entering the Haram and the Rites of Mecca ====<br />
In this section, entering the Haram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 78.</ref>, [[Tawaf]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 90.</ref>, [[Istilam]] of the Black Stone<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref>, the Station of Abraham<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 100.</ref>, drinking [[Zamzam|Zamzam water]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 112.</ref>, and [[Sa'i]] between [[Safa and Marwa]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 115.</ref> are examined from a mystical perspective; these acts are signs of recognizing the Master of the House<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 85.</ref> and the covenant of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref><br />
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==== Secrets of Staying in the Sacred Sites ====<br />
This hadith also addresses staying in Mina<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, [[Arafat|staying in Arafat]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 130.</ref>, [[Mash'ar]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 155.</ref>, and the rites related to them, with each act accompanied by a moral or cognitive concept; such as exiting selfishness<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, altruism<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 162.</ref>, and beginning a new movement on the path of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 177.</ref><br />
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Some believe that in this hadith, Imam Sajjad (AS) explains four stages of self-purification in Islamic ethics, known as *Murabata*.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref> These stages are: *Musharata* (making a covenant with oneself)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 40.</ref>, *Muraqaba* (self-monitoring)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref>, *Muhasaba* (evaluating actions)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 38.</ref>, and *Mu'ataba* (reproaching and correcting the self).<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 41.</ref><br />
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== Text of the Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
{{text and translation<br />
| title = Hadith of Shibli and Translation<br />
| لَما رَجَعَ مَولانا زَیْنُ العابِدینَ ( ع) مِن الحَجِّ اسْتَقْبَلَهُ الشِبْلیُّ.<br />
فَقالَ ( ع) له: حَجَجْتَ یا شِبلیُّ؟<br />
| Shibli had gone to Hajj and after performing the rites of Hajj, he was honored to be in the presence of Imam Sajjad (a). The Imam (AS) asked him: "O Shibli, have you performed Hajj?"<br />
| قالَ: نَعَمْ یا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللّهِ.<br />
| Shibli: "Yes, O son of the Messenger of Allah."<br />
|فَقال ( ع ) : اَنَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ اغْتسَلْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ خَلَعْتَ ثَوْبَ الْمَعْصِیَةِ وَ لَبِسْتَ ثَوْبَ الطاعَة؟» قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you descended to the Miqat, did you intend that you cast off the garment of disobedience and put on the garment of obedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ ثِیابِکَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَجَرَّدْتَمِنَ الِّریاء وَ النِّفاقِ وَ الدُّخُولِ فی الشُّبَهاتِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you stripped off your stitched clothes, did you intend that you stripped yourself of hypocrisy, dissimulation, and entering into doubts?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ اغْتَسَلْتَ نَویْتَ اَنَّکَ اغْتَسَلْتَ مِنَ الْخَطایا وَ الذُّنُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Ghusl, did you intend that you washed yourself of sins and faults?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ: قالَ فما نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ لا تَجَرَّدْتَ عَن مَخیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ لا اغْتَسَلْتَ «ثُمَّ قالَ ( ع ) : تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ بِالْحَجِّ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not descend to the Miqat, nor did you strip off your stitched clothes, nor did you perform Ghusl."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you purify yourself, enter Ihram, and make the intention (contract) for Hajj?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) فَحینَ تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَتَنَظَّفْتَ بِنُورِ التَّوْبَةِ الْخالِصَةِ للّهِ تَعالی؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you purified yourself and made the intention, did you intend that you would forbid for yourself whatever Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فحِینَ اَحْرَمْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کلَّ مُحَرَّمٍ حَرَّمَه اللّهُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered Ihram, did you intend that you forbade for yourself every forbidden thing that Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ قَدْ حَلَلْتَ کُلَّ عَقْدٍ لِغَیْرِ اللّهِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you made the intention for Hajj, did you intend that you untied every knot (contract) for other than Allah?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع) : ما تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ لا اَحْرَمْتَ وَ لا عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ.» قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : اَدَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَصَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیِ الاِحْرامِ وَ لَبَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not purify yourself, nor did you enter Ihram, nor did you make the intention for Hajj." Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Miqat and say the Talbiyah?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ بِنِیَّةِ الزِّیارَةِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Miqat, did you intend that you entered with the intention of pilgrimage?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ (ع) : فحینَ صَلَّیْتَ الرَّکْعَتَینِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَقَرَّبْتَ اِلَیاللّه بِخَیْرِ الاَْعْمالِ مِنَ الصَّلاةِ وَ اَکْبَرِ حَسَناتِالْعِبادِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed the two rak'ats, did you intend that you drew near to Allah through the best of deeds, which is prayer, and the greatest of the servants' good deeds?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ لَبَّیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ نَطَقْتَ للّهِ سُبْحانَهُ بِکُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ صَمَتَّ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you said the Talbiyah, did you intend that you spoke for Allah the Glorified in every act of obedience and remained silent from every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : ما دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ وَ لا لَبَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ لَهُ ( علیه السلام ) : اَدَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not enter the Miqat, nor did you pray, nor did you say the Talbiyah."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Haram, see the Kaaba, and pray?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کُلَّ غِیْبَةٍ تَسْتَغِیبُهَا المُسْلِمِینَ مِنْ اَهْلِ مِلَّةِالاِْسْلامِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Haram, did you intend that you forbade upon yourself every backbiting of the Muslims of the Islamic community?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ وَصَلْتَ مَکَّةَ نَوَیْتَ بِقَلْبِکَ اَنَّکَ قَصَدْتَ اللّهَ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mecca, saw the Kaaba, and knew it was the House of Allah, did you intend to seek Allah the Glorified and cut yourself off from other than Him?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ لا رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ مَسَسْتَ الاْرَکانَ وَسَعَیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not enter the Haram, nor did you see the Kaaba, nor did you pray."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you perform Tawaf of the House, touch the corners, and perform Sa'i?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ سَعَیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ هَرَبتَ اِلَی اللّهِ وَ عَرَفَ مِنْکَ ذلِکَ عَلاّمُ الْغُیُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Sa'i, did you intend that you fled to Allah, and the Knower of the Unseen recognized that from you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ لا مَسَسْتَ الاَْرْکانَ وَ لا سَعَیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: صافَحْتَ الْحَجَرَ وَ وَقَفْتَ بِمَقامِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَصَلَّیْتَ بِهِ رَکْعَتَینِ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Tawaf of the House, nor did you perform Sa'i."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the Station of Abraham (AS) and pray two rak'ats there?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| فَصاحَ ( علیه السلام ) صَیْحَةً کادَ یُفارِقُ الدُّنیا. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : آهٍ آهٍ، مَنْ صافَحَ الْحَجَرَ الاَْسْوَدَ فَقَدْ صافَحَ اللّهَتَعالی. فَانْظُرْ یا مِسْکین لا تُضَیِّعْ اَجْرَ ما عَظُمَ حُرْمَتُهُ وَتَنْقُضِ الْمُصافَحَةَ بِالْمُخالَفَةِ وَ قَبْضِ الْحَرامِ نَظیرَاَهْلِ الآثامِ. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ حینَ وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ مَقامِ اِبْراهیمَ ( علیه السلام ) اَنَّکَ وَقَفْتَ عَلی کُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ تَخَلَّفْتَ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| At this, the Imam (a) let out a cry so loud he almost left this world, then said: "Ah, ah! Where is the one who has reached the station of proximity and shaken hands with God? If the Almighty, with all His greatness and majesty, brings a poor soul to this station, is it permissible for him to waste the sanctity of such a kind Lord? Never! It is not permissible for one who has shaken hands with God to then permit disobedience to Him."<br />
Then he said: "When you stood at the Station of Abraham, did you intend that you stood for every act of obedience and turned your back on every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ صَلَّیْتَ فِیهِ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ صَلَّیْتَ بِصَلاةِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَ اَرْغَمْتَ بِصَلاتِکَ اَنْفَ الشَّیطانِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed two rak'ats there, did you intend that you prayed like the prayer of Abraham (AS) and rubbed the nose of Satan in the dust with your prayer?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: فِما صافَحتَ الحَجَر الاَسوَد وَ لا وَقَفتَ عِندَ المَقام وَ لا صَلّیتَ فیهِ رَکعَتینِ». «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی بِئْرِ زَمْزَمَوَ شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not stand at the station, nor did you pray two rak'ats there."<br />
Then he said: "Did you go up to the Well of Zamzam and drink from its water?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی الطَّاعَةِ وَ غَضَضْتَ طَرْفَکَ عَنِ الْمَعْصِیَةِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went up to the Well of Zamzam, did you intend that you ascended toward obedience and cast your gaze away from disobedience?" Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَیْهَا وَ لَا شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا!» «ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: أَ سَعَیْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ مَشَیْتَ وَ تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَهُمَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not ascend to the well, nor did you drink from its water."<br />
Then he said: "Did you perform Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, and walk and move between them?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ: نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ بَیْنَ الرَّجَاءِ وَ الْخَوْفِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "From the Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, did you intend that you were between hope and fear?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا سَعَیْتَ وَ لَا مَشَیْتَ وَ لَا تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَة» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : أَ خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنًی؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Sa'i, nor did you walk or move between Safa and Marwa."<br />
Then he said: "Did you leave Mecca and go to Mina?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ آمَنْتَ النَّاسَ مِنْ لِسَانِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ وَ یَدِکَ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went to Mina, did you intend that you made the people safe from your tongue, your heart, and your hand?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنی» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ أَ وَقَفْتَ الْوَقْفَةَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِوَ عَرَفْتَ وَادِیَ نَمِرَةَ وَ دَعَوْتَ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ عِنْدَالْمِیلِ وَ الْجَمَرَاتِ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not go to Mina."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the station of Arafat? And did you ascend the Mountain of Mercy? And did you recognize the valley of Namira and call upon Allah the Glorified at the milestones and the Jamarat?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ هَلْ عَرَفْتَ بِمَوْقِفِکَبِعَرَفَةَ مَعْرِفَةَ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانَهُ أَمْرَ الْمَعَارِف وَالْعُلُومِ وَ عَرَفْتَ قَبْضَ اللَّهِ عَلَی صَحِیفَتِکَ وَ اطِّلَاعَهُعَلَی سَرِیرَتِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "At the station of Arafat, did you recognize the knowledge of Allah the Glorified and His awareness of your secrets and your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) نَوَیْتَ بِطُلُوعِکَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ یَرْحَمُ کُلَّ مُوءْمِن وَ مُوءْمِنَةٍ وَ یَتَوَلَّی کُلَّ مُسْلِمٍ وَ مُسْلِمَةٍ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you climbed the Mountain of Mercy, did you intend that Allah has mercy on every believing man and woman and takes charge of every Muslim man and woman?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُ حَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you were in Namira, did you intend that you would not command until you yourself obeyed, and you would not forbid until you yourself refrained?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُحَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ قَالَ لَا قَالَفَعِنْدَ مَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ الْعَلَمِ وَ النَّمِرَاتِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَاشَاهِدَةٌ لَکَ عَلَی الطَّاعَاتِ حَافِظَةٌ لَکَ مَعَ الْحَفَظَةِبِأَمْرِ رَبِّ السَّمَاوَاتِ؟ قالَ:لا. قالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَمَا وَقَفْتَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ لَا طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ لَاعَرَفْتَ نَمِرَةَ وَ لَا دَعَوْتَ وَ لَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ النَّمِرَاتِ.» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : مَرَرْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ صَلَّیْتَ قَبْلَ مُرُورِکَرَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ فِیهَا الْحَصَی وَمَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you go to Muzdalifa (Mash'ar)? And did you pick up the pebbles from the ground? And did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| <br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَحِینَ صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَا صَلَاةُ شُکْرٍ فِیلَیْلَةِ عَشْرٍ تَنْفِی کُلَّ عُسْرٍ وَ تُیَسِّرُ کُلَّ یُسْرٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَمْ تَعْدِلْ عَنْهُمَایَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا نَوَیْتَ أَنْ لَا تَعْدِلَ عَنْ دِینِ الْحَقِّیَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا لَا بِقَلْبِکَ وَ لَا بِلِسَانِکَ وَ لَابِجَوَارِحِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَینَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَفَعْتَ عَنْکَ کُلَّ مَعْصِیَةٍ وَ جَهْلٍ وَ ثَبَّتَّکُلَّ عِلْمٍ وَ عَمَلٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you walked in Muzdalifa and picked up the pebbles, did you intend that you removed every sin and ignorance from yourself and established every knowledge and deed?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَأَشْعَرْتَ قَلْبَکَ إِشْعَارَ أَهْلِ التَّقْوَی وَ الْخَوْفَ لِلَّهِعَزَّ وَ جَلَّ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram? Did you intend that you made the signs of the people of piety and fear the emblem of your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
|قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ لَامَشَیْتَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ وَ لَا رَفَعْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَی وَ لَامَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجَمْرَةَ وَ حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ وَذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ وَ رَجَعْتَ إِلَیمَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ <br />
| Imam (a): "You did not walk in Muzdalifa, nor did you pick up those pebbles, nor did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you pray in Mina? And did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat? And did you perform the Halq (shaving the head)? And did you slaughter your sacrifice? And did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf? And did you return to Mecca? And did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ مَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ أَنَّکَبَلَغْتَ إِلَی مَطْلَبِکِ وَ قَدْ قَضَی رَبُّکَ لَکَ کُلَّ حَاجَتِکَ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mina and performed the Ramy al-Jamarat, did you intend that you reached your goal and your Lord has fulfilled all your needs?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَمَیْتَ عَدُوَّکَ إِبْلِیسَ وَ غَضِبْتَهُ بِتَمَامِ حَجِّکَ النَّفِیسِ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ تَطَهَّرْتَ مِنَالْأَدْنَاسِ وَ مِنْ تَبِعَةِ بَنِی آدَمَ وَ خَرَجْتَ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِکَمَا وَلَدَتْکَ أُمُّکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you shaved your head, did you intend that you were purified of impurities and the consequences of the children of Adam, and you emerged from sins as the day your mother gave birth to you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ لَاتَخَافُ إِلَّا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ ذَنْبَکَ وَ لَا تَرْجُو إِلَّارَحْمَةَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed in the Masjid al-Khayf, did you intend that you would fear none but Allah the Almighty and your own sins, and hope for nothing but the mercy of Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا ذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ ذَبَحْتَ حَنْجَرَةَالطَّمَعِ بِمَا تَمَسَّکْتَ بِهِ مِنْ حَقِیقَةِ الْوَرَعِ وَ أَنَّکَاتَّبَعْتَ سُنَّةَ إِبْرَاهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) بِذَبْحِ وَلَدِهِ وَ ثَمَرَةِ فُوءَادِهِ وَ رَیْحَانِ قَلْبِهِ وَحَاجَّهُ سُنَّتُهُ لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُ وَ قَرَّبَهُ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَیلِمَنْ خَلْفَهُ؟ قَالَ: لَا <br />
| Imam (a): "When you slaughtered your sacrifice, did you intend that you slaughtered greed and followed the Sunnah of Abraham (AS) in sacrificing his son?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَجَعْتَ إِلَی مَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِنَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَفَضْتَ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی وَ رَجَعْتَإِلَی طَاعَتِهِ وَ تَمَسَّکْتَ بِوُدِّهِ وَ أَدَّیْتَ فَرَائِضَهُ وَتَقَرَّبْتَ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَی؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you returned to Mecca and performed the Tawaf al-Ifada, did you intend that you overflowed with the mercy of Allah the Almighty and returned to His obedience and drew near to Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ زَیْنُ الْعَابِدِینَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ لَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ وَ لَا حَلَقْتَرَأْسَکَ وَ لَا أَدَّیْتَ نُسُکَکَ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِالْخَیْفِ وَ لَا طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ وَلَا تَقَرَّبْتَ ارْجِعْفَإِنَّکَ لَمْ تَحُجَّ. فَطَفِقَ الشِّبْلِیُّ یَبْکِی عَلَی مَا فَرَّطَهُ فِیحَجِّهِ وَ مَا زَالَ یَتَعَلَّمُ حَتَّی حَجَّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ بِمَعْرِفَةٍوَ یَقِین».<br />
| Imam (a) said: "You did not reach Mina, nor did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat, nor did you shave your head, nor did you perform your rites, nor did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf, nor did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada, nor did you draw near to Allah, for you did not perform Hajj."<br />
Then Shibli began to weep for what he had neglected in his Hajj, and he continued to learn until he performed Hajj the following year with knowledge and certainty.<br />
...<br />
| height = <!-- e.g. 20em --><br />
}}<br />
{{End}}<br />
<br />
== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
<br />
* ''History of Sufism'', Mir Bagheri Fard, Seyyed Ali Asghar, Dehbashi, Mehdi, Tehran-Iran, Samt, 2013.<br />
* ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Ansari, Abdullah ibn Muhammad, Tehran-Iran, Toos, 1983.<br />
* ''History of Baghdad'', Khatib al-Baghdadi, Ahmad ibn Ali, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1997.<br />
* ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Ibn Khallikan, Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Fikr, n.d.<br />
* ''Nafahat al-Uns'', Jami, Abd al-Rahman ibn Ahmad, Calcutta-India, n.p., n.d.<br />
* ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Hujwiri, Ali ibn Uthman, Tehran-Iran, Soroush, 2004.<br />
* ''In Search of Iranian Sufism'', Zarrinkoub, Abdolhossein, Tehran-Iran, Amirkabir, 2024.<br />
* ''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Attar Nishapuri, Farid al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Sokhan, n.d.<br />
* ''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Shushtari, Nur Allah ibn Sharif al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Islamiyyeh, 1998.<br />
* ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Khansari, Seyyed Mohammad Baqir, Qom-Iran, Esmaeilian, 2011.<br />
* ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Modarres, Mohammad Ali, Qom-Iran, Imam Sadiq (AS) Institute, 2016.<br />
* ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il'', Nuri, Husayn ibn Muhammad Taqi, Beirut-Lebanon, Al al-Bayt, 1987.<br />
* ''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', Husayni Jalali Ha'iri, Seyyed Mohammad Reza, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2010.<br />
* ''Sahba-ye Safa'', Javadi Amoli, Abdullah, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2003.<br />
* ''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', Mohammadi Reyshahri, Mohammad, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2007.<br />
* ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: In Shi'a Narrations or Sufi Tales?'', Khameh-yar, Ahmad, Tehran-Iran, Journal of Hajj and Pilgrimage Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2021.<br />
* ''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', Qubadiyani, Nasir Khusraw, Tehran-Iran, Noor Computer Research Center for Islamic Sciences, n.d.<br />
* ''An Investigation into the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Traditions'', Husayni, Davood, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2021.<br />
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[[Category:Secrets of Hajj]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
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[[ar:حديث الشبلي]]<br />
[[fa:حدیث شبلی]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Hadith_of_Shibli&diff=4208Hadith of Shibli2026-10-05T13:28:07Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Text of the Hadith of Shibli */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Hadith of Shibli''' is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)]], in which the Imam explains some of the [[mystical secrets of Hajj]].<br />
<br />
Shibli was a Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH who, after withdrawing from the [[Abbasid court]], turned to asceticism and mysticism and became a student of Junayd al-Baghdadi.<br />
<br />
The narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in ''al-Tuhfah al-Saniyyah''. Although it later became widely known, some scholars have questioned its authenticity and have traced its origins to earlier Sufi texts.<br />
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== Shibli ==<br />
'''Shibli''' (Abu Bakr Dulaf ibn Jahdar al-Shibli)<ref>''History of Sufism: The Evolution of Islamic Mysticism from the Beginning to the Sixth Century AH'', Vol. 1, p. 116.</ref>, a renowned Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH, was born in [[Samarra]] in 247 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 3, p. 337.</ref> His father was from the village of Shibliyyah in Usrushana, Transoxiana, which is why he was called Shibli.<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 564; ''Mu'jam al-Udaba'', Vol. 1, p. 245.</ref> Shibli initially served in the [[Abbasid]] court and was the governor of Damavand,<ref>''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 273; ''Al-Muntazam'', Vol. 14, p. 51.</ref> but after repenting, he became a Sufi<ref>''Nafahat al-Uns'', p. 135; ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Vol. 1, p. 221.</ref> and was one of the students of Junayd of Baghdad.<ref>''Research in Iranian Sufism'', p. 154.</ref> He studied under Junayd for about six years and subsequently became famous for his asceticism and mysticism.<ref>''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Vol. 1, pp. 515-516.</ref>There is disagreement regarding his religious affiliation: some sources regard him as a [[Maliki]],<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 568; ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 448.</ref> while others identify him as a [[Shia]].<ref>''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Vol. 2, p. 32; ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Vol. 2, p. 231; ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Vol. 3, pp. 181-182.</ref> Shibli died in [[Baghdad]] in 334 or 335 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 338; ''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 572; ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 276.</ref><br />
<br />
== Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)|Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a)]], in which the Imam, in a conversation with Shibli, explains the [[secrets]] and inner meanings of the rites of [[Hajj]].<br />
<br />
This narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in the book ''Al-Tuhfah al-Sunniyyah'' by Sayyid Abdullah Jazairi (d. 1173 AH), and Muhaddith Nuri included it in ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il''; however, it has been stated that due to its absence in ancient sources and its status as a mursal report,{{enote|A mursal hadith is a term in hadith studies meaning that the name of the narrator is omitted from the chain of transmission.}} its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a) has been questioned, and some scholars have suggested that it may have originated in Sufi mystical texts.<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285; ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 1.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Validation ===<br />
Some researchers, such as Sayyid Mohammad Reza Husseini Jalali, have accepted its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref> Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, despite doubts regarding the chain of transmission, has described the text of the narration as "strong and instructive".<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 35.</ref> In contrast, Muhammadi Reyshahri has regarded its content as mystical and therefore not attributable to the Ahl al-Bayt, suggesting it is a Sufi discourse that was later attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (a)]].<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285.</ref><br />
<br />
Some researchers argue that the Shibli mentioned in this narration cannot have been Abu Bakr al-Shibli, the fourth-century Sufi of Baghdad, because he lived approximately two centuries after Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 344.</ref> Based on this, they have suggested that the name Shibli in this narration might be a corruption of another name (such as Shaybah ibn Nu'amah), who was a companion of Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref><br />
<br />
In ancient Sufi texts and the works of some Sunni authors, narrations with a structure similar to the "Hadith of Shibli" can be found, in which Abu Bakr Shibli discusses the secrets and meanings of Hajj. Among the earliest examples are ''Tahdhib al-Asrar'' by Abu Sa'd Khargushi (d. 407 AH) and ''Haqa'iq al-Tafsir'' by Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami (d. 412 AH), Other sources<ref>Ibn al-Jawzi, Ibn Arabi, Khwarazmi.</ref> have also recorded similar narrations.<ref>''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 9.</ref> Among Persian sources, the same theme can be found in ''Kashf al-Mahjub''<ref>''Kashf al-Mahjub'', p. 474.</ref> and the poems of Nasir Khusraw.<ref>''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', p. 265.</ref><br />
<br />
== Content of the Hadith ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli addresses the rites of Hajj and their moral and mystical concepts, which generally include the following topics:<br />
<br />
==== Secrets of the Miqat and its Rites ====<br />
This section addresses the preliminaries of Hajj and explains the moral and mystical concepts of acts such as removing stitched clothing (purifying the inner and outer self)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 44.</ref>, wearing [[Ihram clothing]] (awakening)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 50.</ref>, [[Ghusl of Ihram]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 55.</ref>, prayer before Ihram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 64.</ref>, and [[Talbiyah]].<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 67.</ref> In these discourses, Ihram is interpreted as a symbol of entering a new stage of spiritual wayfaring.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 48.</ref><br />
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==== Secrets of Entering the Haram and the Rites of Mecca ====<br />
In this section, entering the Haram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 78.</ref>, [[Tawaf]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 90.</ref>, [[Istilam]] of the Black Stone<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref>, the Station of Abraham<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 100.</ref>, drinking [[Zamzam|Zamzam water]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 112.</ref>, and [[Sa'i]] between [[Safa and Marwa]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 115.</ref> are examined from a mystical perspective; these acts are signs of recognizing the Master of the House<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 85.</ref> and the covenant of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref><br />
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==== Secrets of Staying in the Sacred Sites ====<br />
This hadith also addresses staying in Mina<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, [[Arafat|staying in Arafat]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 130.</ref>, [[Mash'ar]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 155.</ref>, and the rites related to them, with each act accompanied by a moral or cognitive concept; such as exiting selfishness<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, altruism<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 162.</ref>, and beginning a new movement on the path of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 177.</ref><br />
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Some believe that in this hadith, Imam Sajjad (AS) explains four stages of self-purification in Islamic ethics, known as *Murabata*.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref> These stages are: *Musharata* (making a covenant with oneself)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 40.</ref>, *Muraqaba* (self-monitoring)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref>, *Muhasaba* (evaluating actions)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 38.</ref>, and *Mu'ataba* (reproaching and correcting the self).<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 41.</ref><br />
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== Text of the Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
{{text and translation<br />
| title = Hadith of Shibli and Translation<br />
| لَما رَجَعَ مَولانا زَیْنُ العابِدینَ ( ع) مِن الحَجِّ اسْتَقْبَلَهُ الشِبْلیُّ.<br />
فَقالَ ( ع) له: حَجَجْتَ یا شِبلیُّ؟<br />
| Shibli had gone to Hajj and after performing the rites of Hajj, he was honored to be in the presence of Imam Sajjad (a). The Imam (AS) asked him: "O Shibli, have you performed Hajj?"<br />
| قالَ: نَعَمْ یا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللّهِ.<br />
| Shibli: "Yes, O son of the Messenger of Allah."<br />
|فَقال ( ع ) : اَنَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ اغْتسَلْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ خَلَعْتَ ثَوْبَ الْمَعْصِیَةِ وَ لَبِسْتَ ثَوْبَ الطاعَة؟» قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you descended to the Miqat, did you intend that you cast off the garment of disobedience and put on the garment of obedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ ثِیابِکَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَجَرَّدْتَمِنَ الِّریاء وَ النِّفاقِ وَ الدُّخُولِ فی الشُّبَهاتِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you stripped off your stitched clothes, did you intend that you stripped yourself of hypocrisy, dissimulation, and entering into doubts?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ اغْتَسَلْتَ نَویْتَ اَنَّکَ اغْتَسَلْتَ مِنَ الْخَطایا وَ الذُّنُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Ghusl, did you intend that you washed yourself of sins and faults?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ: قالَ فما نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ لا تَجَرَّدْتَ عَن مَخیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ لا اغْتَسَلْتَ «ثُمَّ قالَ ( ع ) : تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ بِالْحَجِّ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not descend to the Miqat, nor did you strip off your stitched clothes, nor did you perform Ghusl."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you purify yourself, enter Ihram, and make the intention (contract) for Hajj?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) فَحینَ تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَتَنَظَّفْتَ بِنُورِ التَّوْبَةِ الْخالِصَةِ للّهِ تَعالی؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you purified yourself and made the intention, did you intend that you would forbid for yourself whatever Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فحِینَ اَحْرَمْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کلَّ مُحَرَّمٍ حَرَّمَه اللّهُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered Ihram, did you intend that you forbade for yourself every forbidden thing that Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ قَدْ حَلَلْتَ کُلَّ عَقْدٍ لِغَیْرِ اللّهِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you made the intention for Hajj, did you intend that you untied every knot (contract) for other than Allah?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع) : ما تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ لا اَحْرَمْتَ وَ لا عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ.» قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : اَدَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَصَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیِ الاِحْرامِ وَ لَبَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not purify yourself, nor did you enter Ihram, nor did you make the intention for Hajj." Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Miqat and say the Talbiyah?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ بِنِیَّةِ الزِّیارَةِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Miqat, did you intend that you entered with the intention of pilgrimage?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ (ع) : فحینَ صَلَّیْتَ الرَّکْعَتَینِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَقَرَّبْتَ اِلَیاللّه بِخَیْرِ الاَْعْمالِ مِنَ الصَّلاةِ وَ اَکْبَرِ حَسَناتِالْعِبادِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed the two rak'ats, did you intend that you drew near to Allah through the best of deeds, which is prayer, and the greatest of the servants' good deeds?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ لَبَّیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ نَطَقْتَ للّهِ سُبْحانَهُ بِکُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ صَمَتَّ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you said the Talbiyah, did you intend that you spoke for Allah the Glorified in every act of obedience and remained silent from every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : ما دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ وَ لا لَبَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ لَهُ ( علیه السلام ) : اَدَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not enter the Miqat, nor did you pray, nor did you say the Talbiyah."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Haram, see the Kaaba, and pray?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کُلَّ غِیْبَةٍ تَسْتَغِیبُهَا المُسْلِمِینَ مِنْ اَهْلِ مِلَّةِالاِْسْلامِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Haram, did you intend that you forbade upon yourself every backbiting of the Muslims of the Islamic community?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ وَصَلْتَ مَکَّةَ نَوَیْتَ بِقَلْبِکَ اَنَّکَ قَصَدْتَ اللّهَ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mecca, saw the Kaaba, and knew it was the House of Allah, did you intend to seek Allah the Glorified and cut yourself off from other than Him?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ لا رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ مَسَسْتَ الاْرَکانَ وَسَعَیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not enter the Haram, nor did you see the Kaaba, nor did you pray."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you perform Tawaf of the House, touch the corners, and perform Sa'i?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ سَعَیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ هَرَبتَ اِلَی اللّهِ وَ عَرَفَ مِنْکَ ذلِکَ عَلاّمُ الْغُیُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Sa'i, did you intend that you fled to Allah, and the Knower of the Unseen recognized that from you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ لا مَسَسْتَ الاَْرْکانَ وَ لا سَعَیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: صافَحْتَ الْحَجَرَ وَ وَقَفْتَ بِمَقامِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَصَلَّیْتَ بِهِ رَکْعَتَینِ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Tawaf of the House, nor did you perform Sa'i."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the Station of Abraham (AS) and pray two rak'ats there?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| فَصاحَ ( علیه السلام ) صَیْحَةً کادَ یُفارِقُ الدُّنیا. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : آهٍ آهٍ، مَنْ صافَحَ الْحَجَرَ الاَْسْوَدَ فَقَدْ صافَحَ اللّهَتَعالی. فَانْظُرْ یا مِسْکین لا تُضَیِّعْ اَجْرَ ما عَظُمَ حُرْمَتُهُ وَتَنْقُضِ الْمُصافَحَةَ بِالْمُخالَفَةِ وَ قَبْضِ الْحَرامِ نَظیرَاَهْلِ الآثامِ. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ حینَ وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ مَقامِ اِبْراهیمَ ( علیه السلام ) اَنَّکَ وَقَفْتَ عَلی کُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ تَخَلَّفْتَ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| At this, the Imam (a) let out a cry so loud he almost left this world, then said: "Ah, ah! Where is the one who has reached the station of proximity and shaken hands with God? If the Almighty, with all His greatness and majesty, brings a poor soul to this station, is it permissible for him to waste the sanctity of such a kind Lord? Never! It is not permissible for one who has shaken hands with God to then permit disobedience to Him."<br />
Then he said: "When you stood at the Station of Abraham, did you intend that you stood for every act of obedience and turned your back on every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ صَلَّیْتَ فِیهِ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ صَلَّیْتَ بِصَلاةِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَ اَرْغَمْتَ بِصَلاتِکَ اَنْفَ الشَّیطانِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed two rak'ats there, did you intend that you prayed like the prayer of Abraham (AS) and rubbed the nose of Satan in the dust with your prayer?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: فِما صافَحتَ الحَجَر الاَسوَد وَ لا وَقَفتَ عِندَ المَقام وَ لا صَلّیتَ فیهِ رَکعَتینِ». «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی بِئْرِ زَمْزَمَوَ شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not stand at the station, nor did you pray two rak'ats there."<br />
Then he said: "Did you go up to the Well of Zamzam and drink from its water?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی الطَّاعَةِ وَ غَضَضْتَ طَرْفَکَ عَنِ الْمَعْصِیَةِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went up to the Well of Zamzam, did you intend that you ascended toward obedience and cast your gaze away from disobedience?" Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَیْهَا وَ لَا شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا!» «ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: أَ سَعَیْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ مَشَیْتَ وَ تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَهُمَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not ascend to the well, nor did you drink from its water."<br />
Then he said: "Did you perform Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, and walk and move between them?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ: نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ بَیْنَ الرَّجَاءِ وَ الْخَوْفِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "From the Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, did you intend that you were between hope and fear?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا سَعَیْتَ وَ لَا مَشَیْتَ وَ لَا تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَة» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : أَ خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنًی؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Sa'i, nor did you walk or move between Safa and Marwa."<br />
Then he said: "Did you leave Mecca and go to Mina?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ آمَنْتَ النَّاسَ مِنْ لِسَانِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ وَ یَدِکَ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went to Mina, did you intend that you made the people safe from your tongue, your heart, and your hand?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنی» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ أَ وَقَفْتَ الْوَقْفَةَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِوَ عَرَفْتَ وَادِیَ نَمِرَةَ وَ دَعَوْتَ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ عِنْدَالْمِیلِ وَ الْجَمَرَاتِ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not go to Mina."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the station of Arafat? And did you ascend the Mountain of Mercy? And did you recognize the valley of Namira and call upon Allah the Glorified at the milestones and the Jamarat?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ هَلْ عَرَفْتَ بِمَوْقِفِکَبِعَرَفَةَ مَعْرِفَةَ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانَهُ أَمْرَ الْمَعَارِف وَالْعُلُومِ وَ عَرَفْتَ قَبْضَ اللَّهِ عَلَی صَحِیفَتِکَ وَ اطِّلَاعَهُعَلَی سَرِیرَتِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "At the station of Arafat, did you recognize the knowledge of Allah the Glorified and His awareness of your secrets and your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) نَوَیْتَ بِطُلُوعِکَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ یَرْحَمُ کُلَّ مُوءْمِن وَ مُوءْمِنَةٍ وَ یَتَوَلَّی کُلَّ مُسْلِمٍ وَ مُسْلِمَةٍ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you climbed the Mountain of Mercy, did you intend that Allah has mercy on every believing man and woman and takes charge of every Muslim man and woman?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُ حَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you were in Namira, did you intend that you would not command until you yourself obeyed, and you would not forbid until you yourself refrained?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُحَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ قَالَ لَا قَالَفَعِنْدَ مَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ الْعَلَمِ وَ النَّمِرَاتِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَاشَاهِدَةٌ لَکَ عَلَی الطَّاعَاتِ حَافِظَةٌ لَکَ مَعَ الْحَفَظَةِبِأَمْرِ رَبِّ السَّمَاوَاتِ؟ قالَ:لا. قالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَمَا وَقَفْتَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ لَا طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ لَاعَرَفْتَ نَمِرَةَ وَ لَا دَعَوْتَ وَ لَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ النَّمِرَاتِ.» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : مَرَرْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ صَلَّیْتَ قَبْلَ مُرُورِکَرَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ فِیهَا الْحَصَی وَمَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you go to Muzdalifa (Mash'ar)? And did you pick up the pebbles from the ground? And did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| <br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَحِینَ صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَا صَلَاةُ شُکْرٍ فِیلَیْلَةِ عَشْرٍ تَنْفِی کُلَّ عُسْرٍ وَ تُیَسِّرُ کُلَّ یُسْرٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَمْ تَعْدِلْ عَنْهُمَایَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا نَوَیْتَ أَنْ لَا تَعْدِلَ عَنْ دِینِ الْحَقِّیَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا لَا بِقَلْبِکَ وَ لَا بِلِسَانِکَ وَ لَابِجَوَارِحِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَینَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَفَعْتَ عَنْکَ کُلَّ مَعْصِیَةٍ وَ جَهْلٍ وَ ثَبَّتَّکُلَّ عِلْمٍ وَ عَمَلٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you walked in Muzdalifa and picked up the pebbles, did you intend that you removed every sin and ignorance from yourself and established every knowledge and deed?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَأَشْعَرْتَ قَلْبَکَ إِشْعَارَ أَهْلِ التَّقْوَی وَ الْخَوْفَ لِلَّهِعَزَّ وَ جَلَّ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram? Did you intend that you made the signs of the people of piety and fear the emblem of your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
|قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ لَامَشَیْتَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ وَ لَا رَفَعْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَی وَ لَامَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجَمْرَةَ وَ حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ وَذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ وَ رَجَعْتَ إِلَیمَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ <br />
| Imam (a): "You did not walk in Muzdalifa, nor did you pick up those pebbles, nor did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you pray in Mina? And did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat? And did you perform the Halq (shaving the head)? And did you slaughter your sacrifice? And did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf? And did you return to Mecca? And did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ مَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ أَنَّکَبَلَغْتَ إِلَی مَطْلَبِکِ وَ قَدْ قَضَی رَبُّکَ لَکَ کُلَّ حَاجَتِکَ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mina and performed the Ramy al-Jamarat, did you intend that you reached your goal and your Lord has fulfilled all your needs?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَمَیْتَ عَدُوَّکَ إِبْلِیسَ وَ غَضِبْتَهُ بِتَمَامِ حَجِّکَ النَّفِیسِ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ تَطَهَّرْتَ مِنَالْأَدْنَاسِ وَ مِنْ تَبِعَةِ بَنِی آدَمَ وَ خَرَجْتَ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِکَمَا وَلَدَتْکَ أُمُّکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you shaved your head, did you intend that you were purified of impurities and the consequences of the children of Adam, and you emerged from sins as the day your mother gave birth to you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ لَاتَخَافُ إِلَّا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ ذَنْبَکَ وَ لَا تَرْجُو إِلَّارَحْمَةَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed in the Masjid al-Khayf, did you intend that you would fear none but Allah the Almighty and your own sins, and hope for nothing but the mercy of Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا ذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ ذَبَحْتَ حَنْجَرَةَالطَّمَعِ بِمَا تَمَسَّکْتَ بِهِ مِنْ حَقِیقَةِ الْوَرَعِ وَ أَنَّکَاتَّبَعْتَ سُنَّةَ إِبْرَاهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) بِذَبْحِ وَلَدِهِ وَ ثَمَرَةِ فُوءَادِهِ وَ رَیْحَانِ قَلْبِهِ وَحَاجَّهُ سُنَّتُهُ لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُ وَ قَرَّبَهُ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَیلِمَنْ خَلْفَهُ؟ قَالَ: لَا <br />
| Imam (a): "When you slaughtered your sacrifice, did you intend that you slaughtered greed and followed the Sunnah of Abraham (AS) in sacrificing his son?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَجَعْتَ إِلَی مَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِنَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَفَضْتَ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی وَ رَجَعْتَإِلَی طَاعَتِهِ وَ تَمَسَّکْتَ بِوُدِّهِ وَ أَدَّیْتَ فَرَائِضَهُ وَتَقَرَّبْتَ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَی؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you returned to Mecca and performed the Tawaf al-Ifada, did you intend that you overflowed with the mercy of Allah the Almighty and returned to His obedience and drew near to Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ زَیْنُ الْعَابِدِینَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ لَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ وَ لَا حَلَقْتَرَأْسَکَ وَ لَا أَدَّیْتَ نُسُکَکَ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِالْخَیْفِ وَ لَا طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ وَلَا تَقَرَّبْتَ ارْجِعْفَإِنَّکَ لَمْ تَحُجَّ. فَطَفِقَ الشِّبْلِیُّ یَبْکِی عَلَی مَا فَرَّطَهُ فِیحَجِّهِ وَ مَا زَالَ یَتَعَلَّمُ حَتَّی حَجَّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ بِمَعْرِفَةٍوَ یَقِین».<br />
| Imam (a) said: "You did not reach Mina, nor did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat, nor did you shave your head, nor did you perform your rites, nor did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf, nor did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada, nor did you draw near to Allah, for you did not perform Hajj."<br />
Then Shibli began to weep for what he had neglected in his Hajj, and he continued to learn until he performed Hajj the following year with knowledge and certainty.<br />
...<br />
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}}<br />
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== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
<br />
* ''History of Sufism'', Mir Bagheri Fard, Seyyed Ali Asghar, Dehbashi, Mehdi, Tehran-Iran, Samt, 2013.<br />
* ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Ansari, Abdullah ibn Muhammad, Tehran-Iran, Toos, 1983.<br />
* ''History of Baghdad'', Khatib al-Baghdadi, Ahmad ibn Ali, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1997.<br />
* ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Ibn Khallikan, Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Fikr, n.d.<br />
* ''Nafahat al-Uns'', Jami, Abd al-Rahman ibn Ahmad, Calcutta-India, n.p., n.d.<br />
* ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Hujwiri, Ali ibn Uthman, Tehran-Iran, Soroush, 2004.<br />
* ''In Search of Iranian Sufism'', Zarrinkoub, Abdolhossein, Tehran-Iran, Amirkabir, 2024.<br />
* ''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Attar Nishapuri, Farid al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Sokhan, n.d.<br />
* ''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Shushtari, Nur Allah ibn Sharif al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Islamiyyeh, 1998.<br />
* ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Khansari, Seyyed Mohammad Baqir, Qom-Iran, Esmaeilian, 2011.<br />
* ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Modarres, Mohammad Ali, Qom-Iran, Imam Sadiq (AS) Institute, 2016.<br />
* ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il'', Nuri, Husayn ibn Muhammad Taqi, Beirut-Lebanon, Al al-Bayt, 1987.<br />
* ''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', Husayni Jalali Ha'iri, Seyyed Mohammad Reza, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2010.<br />
* ''Sahba-ye Safa'', Javadi Amoli, Abdullah, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2003.<br />
* ''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', Mohammadi Reyshahri, Mohammad, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2007.<br />
* ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: In Shi'a Narrations or Sufi Tales?'', Khameh-yar, Ahmad, Tehran-Iran, Journal of Hajj and Pilgrimage Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2021.<br />
* ''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', Qubadiyani, Nasir Khusraw, Tehran-Iran, Noor Computer Research Center for Islamic Sciences, n.d.<br />
* ''An Investigation into the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Traditions'', Husayni, Davood, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2021.<br />
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[[Category:Secrets of Hajj]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
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[[ar:حديث الشبلي]]<br />
[[fa:حدیث شبلی]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Hadith_of_Shibli&diff=4207Hadith of Shibli2026-10-05T13:21:44Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Text of the Hadith of Shibli */</p>
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<div>'''Hadith of Shibli''' is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)]], in which the Imam explains some of the [[mystical secrets of Hajj]].<br />
<br />
Shibli was a Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH who, after withdrawing from the [[Abbasid court]], turned to asceticism and mysticism and became a student of Junayd al-Baghdadi.<br />
<br />
The narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in ''al-Tuhfah al-Saniyyah''. Although it later became widely known, some scholars have questioned its authenticity and have traced its origins to earlier Sufi texts.<br />
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== Shibli ==<br />
'''Shibli''' (Abu Bakr Dulaf ibn Jahdar al-Shibli)<ref>''History of Sufism: The Evolution of Islamic Mysticism from the Beginning to the Sixth Century AH'', Vol. 1, p. 116.</ref>, a renowned Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH, was born in [[Samarra]] in 247 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 3, p. 337.</ref> His father was from the village of Shibliyyah in Usrushana, Transoxiana, which is why he was called Shibli.<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 564; ''Mu'jam al-Udaba'', Vol. 1, p. 245.</ref> Shibli initially served in the [[Abbasid]] court and was the governor of Damavand,<ref>''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 273; ''Al-Muntazam'', Vol. 14, p. 51.</ref> but after repenting, he became a Sufi<ref>''Nafahat al-Uns'', p. 135; ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Vol. 1, p. 221.</ref> and was one of the students of Junayd of Baghdad.<ref>''Research in Iranian Sufism'', p. 154.</ref> He studied under Junayd for about six years and subsequently became famous for his asceticism and mysticism.<ref>''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Vol. 1, pp. 515-516.</ref>There is disagreement regarding his religious affiliation: some sources regard him as a [[Maliki]],<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 568; ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 448.</ref> while others identify him as a [[Shia]].<ref>''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Vol. 2, p. 32; ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Vol. 2, p. 231; ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Vol. 3, pp. 181-182.</ref> Shibli died in [[Baghdad]] in 334 or 335 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 338; ''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 572; ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 276.</ref><br />
<br />
== Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)|Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a)]], in which the Imam, in a conversation with Shibli, explains the [[secrets]] and inner meanings of the rites of [[Hajj]].<br />
<br />
This narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in the book ''Al-Tuhfah al-Sunniyyah'' by Sayyid Abdullah Jazairi (d. 1173 AH), and Muhaddith Nuri included it in ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il''; however, it has been stated that due to its absence in ancient sources and its status as a mursal report,{{enote|A mursal hadith is a term in hadith studies meaning that the name of the narrator is omitted from the chain of transmission.}} its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a) has been questioned, and some scholars have suggested that it may have originated in Sufi mystical texts.<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285; ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 1.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Validation ===<br />
Some researchers, such as Sayyid Mohammad Reza Husseini Jalali, have accepted its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref> Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, despite doubts regarding the chain of transmission, has described the text of the narration as "strong and instructive".<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 35.</ref> In contrast, Muhammadi Reyshahri has regarded its content as mystical and therefore not attributable to the Ahl al-Bayt, suggesting it is a Sufi discourse that was later attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (a)]].<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285.</ref><br />
<br />
Some researchers argue that the Shibli mentioned in this narration cannot have been Abu Bakr al-Shibli, the fourth-century Sufi of Baghdad, because he lived approximately two centuries after Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 344.</ref> Based on this, they have suggested that the name Shibli in this narration might be a corruption of another name (such as Shaybah ibn Nu'amah), who was a companion of Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref><br />
<br />
In ancient Sufi texts and the works of some Sunni authors, narrations with a structure similar to the "Hadith of Shibli" can be found, in which Abu Bakr Shibli discusses the secrets and meanings of Hajj. Among the earliest examples are ''Tahdhib al-Asrar'' by Abu Sa'd Khargushi (d. 407 AH) and ''Haqa'iq al-Tafsir'' by Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami (d. 412 AH), Other sources<ref>Ibn al-Jawzi, Ibn Arabi, Khwarazmi.</ref> have also recorded similar narrations.<ref>''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 9.</ref> Among Persian sources, the same theme can be found in ''Kashf al-Mahjub''<ref>''Kashf al-Mahjub'', p. 474.</ref> and the poems of Nasir Khusraw.<ref>''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', p. 265.</ref><br />
<br />
== Content of the Hadith ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli addresses the rites of Hajj and their moral and mystical concepts, which generally include the following topics:<br />
<br />
==== Secrets of the Miqat and its Rites ====<br />
This section addresses the preliminaries of Hajj and explains the moral and mystical concepts of acts such as removing stitched clothing (purifying the inner and outer self)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 44.</ref>, wearing [[Ihram clothing]] (awakening)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 50.</ref>, [[Ghusl of Ihram]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 55.</ref>, prayer before Ihram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 64.</ref>, and [[Talbiyah]].<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 67.</ref> In these discourses, Ihram is interpreted as a symbol of entering a new stage of spiritual wayfaring.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 48.</ref><br />
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==== Secrets of Entering the Haram and the Rites of Mecca ====<br />
In this section, entering the Haram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 78.</ref>, [[Tawaf]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 90.</ref>, [[Istilam]] of the Black Stone<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref>, the Station of Abraham<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 100.</ref>, drinking [[Zamzam|Zamzam water]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 112.</ref>, and [[Sa'i]] between [[Safa and Marwa]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 115.</ref> are examined from a mystical perspective; these acts are signs of recognizing the Master of the House<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 85.</ref> and the covenant of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref><br />
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==== Secrets of Staying in the Sacred Sites ====<br />
This hadith also addresses staying in Mina<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, [[Arafat|staying in Arafat]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 130.</ref>, [[Mash'ar]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 155.</ref>, and the rites related to them, with each act accompanied by a moral or cognitive concept; such as exiting selfishness<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, altruism<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 162.</ref>, and beginning a new movement on the path of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 177.</ref><br />
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Some believe that in this hadith, Imam Sajjad (AS) explains four stages of self-purification in Islamic ethics, known as *Murabata*.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref> These stages are: *Musharata* (making a covenant with oneself)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 40.</ref>, *Muraqaba* (self-monitoring)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref>, *Muhasaba* (evaluating actions)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 38.</ref>, and *Mu'ataba* (reproaching and correcting the self).<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 41.</ref><br />
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== Text of the Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
{{text and translation<br />
| title = Hadith of Shibli and Translation<br />
| لَما رَجَعَ مَولانا زَیْنُ العابِدینَ ( ع) مِن الحَجِّ اسْتَقْبَلَهُ الشِبْلیُّ.<br />
فَقالَ ( ع) له: حَجَجْتَ یا شِبلیُّ؟<br />
| Shibli had gone to Hajj and after performing the rites of Hajj, he was honored to be in the presence of Imam Sajjad (a). The Imam (AS) asked him: "O Shibli, have you performed Hajj?"<br />
| قالَ: نَعَمْ یا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللّهِ.<br />
| Shibli: "Yes, O son of the Messenger of Allah."<br />
|فَقال ( ع ) : اَنَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ اغْتسَلْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ خَلَعْتَ ثَوْبَ الْمَعْصِیَةِ وَ لَبِسْتَ ثَوْبَ الطاعَة؟» قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you descended to the Miqat, did you intend that you cast off the garment of disobedience and put on the garment of obedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ ثِیابِکَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَجَرَّدْتَمِنَ الِّریاء وَ النِّفاقِ وَ الدُّخُولِ فی الشُّبَهاتِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you stripped off your stitched clothes, did you intend that you stripped yourself of hypocrisy, dissimulation, and entering into doubts?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ اغْتَسَلْتَ نَویْتَ اَنَّکَ اغْتَسَلْتَ مِنَ الْخَطایا وَ الذُّنُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Ghusl, did you intend that you washed yourself of sins and faults?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ: قالَ فما نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ لا تَجَرَّدْتَ عَن مَخیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ لا اغْتَسَلْتَ «ثُمَّ قالَ ( ع ) : تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ بِالْحَجِّ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not descend to the Miqat, nor did you strip off your stitched clothes, nor did you perform Ghusl."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you purify yourself, enter Ihram, and make the intention (contract) for Hajj?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) فَحینَ تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَتَنَظَّفْتَ بِنُورِ التَّوْبَةِ الْخالِصَةِ للّهِ تَعالی؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you purified yourself and made the intention, did you intend that you would forbid for yourself whatever Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فحِینَ اَحْرَمْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کلَّ مُحَرَّمٍ حَرَّمَه اللّهُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered Ihram, did you intend that you forbade for yourself every forbidden thing that Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ قَدْ حَلَلْتَ کُلَّ عَقْدٍ لِغَیْرِ اللّهِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you made the intention for Hajj, did you intend that you untied every knot (contract) for other than Allah?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع) : ما تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ لا اَحْرَمْتَ وَ لا عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ.» قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : اَدَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَصَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیِ الاِحْرامِ وَ لَبَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not purify yourself, nor did you enter Ihram, nor did you make the intention for Hajj." Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Miqat and say the Talbiyah?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ بِنِیَّةِ الزِّیارَةِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Miqat, did you intend that you entered with the intention of pilgrimage?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ (ع) : فحینَ صَلَّیْتَ الرَّکْعَتَینِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَقَرَّبْتَ اِلَیاللّه بِخَیْرِ الاَْعْمالِ مِنَ الصَّلاةِ وَ اَکْبَرِ حَسَناتِالْعِبادِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed the two rak'ats, did you intend that you drew near to Allah through the best of deeds, which is prayer, and the greatest of the servants' good deeds?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ لَبَّیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ نَطَقْتَ للّهِ سُبْحانَهُ بِکُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ صَمَتَّ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you said the Talbiyah, did you intend that you spoke for Allah the Glorified in every act of obedience and remained silent from every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : ما دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ وَ لا لَبَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ لَهُ ( علیه السلام ) : اَدَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not enter the Miqat, nor did you pray, nor did you say the Talbiyah."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Haram, see the Kaaba, and pray?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کُلَّ غِیْبَةٍ تَسْتَغِیبُهَا المُسْلِمِینَ مِنْ اَهْلِ مِلَّةِالاِْسْلامِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Haram, did you intend that you forbade upon yourself every backbiting of the Muslims of the Islamic community?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ وَصَلْتَ مَکَّةَ نَوَیْتَ بِقَلْبِکَ اَنَّکَ قَصَدْتَ اللّهَ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mecca, saw the Kaaba, and knew it was the House of Allah, did you intend to seek Allah the Glorified and cut yourself off from other than Him?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ لا رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ مَسَسْتَ الاْرَکانَ وَسَعَیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not enter the Haram, nor did you see the Kaaba, nor did you pray."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you perform Tawaf of the House, touch the corners, and perform Sa'i?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ سَعَیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ هَرَبتَ اِلَی اللّهِ وَ عَرَفَ مِنْکَ ذلِکَ عَلاّمُ الْغُیُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Sa'i, did you intend that you fled to Allah, and the Knower of the Unseen recognized that from you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ لا مَسَسْتَ الاَْرْکانَ وَ لا سَعَیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: صافَحْتَ الْحَجَرَ وَ وَقَفْتَ بِمَقامِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَصَلَّیْتَ بِهِ رَکْعَتَینِ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Tawaf of the House, nor did you perform Sa'i."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the Station of Abraham (AS) and pray two rak'ats there?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| فَصاحَ ( علیه السلام ) صَیْحَةً کادَ یُفارِقُ الدُّنیا. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : آهٍ آهٍ، مَنْ صافَحَ الْحَجَرَ الاَْسْوَدَ فَقَدْ صافَحَ اللّهَتَعالی. فَانْظُرْ یا مِسْکین لا تُضَیِّعْ اَجْرَ ما عَظُمَ حُرْمَتُهُ وَتَنْقُضِ الْمُصافَحَةَ بِالْمُخالَفَةِ وَ قَبْضِ الْحَرامِ نَظیرَاَهْلِ الآثامِ. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ حینَ وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ مَقامِ اِبْراهیمَ ( علیه السلام ) اَنَّکَ وَقَفْتَ عَلی کُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ تَخَلَّفْتَ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| At this, the Imam (a) let out a cry so loud he almost left this world, then said: "Ah, ah! Where is the one who has reached the station of proximity and shaken hands with God? If the Almighty, with all His greatness and majesty, brings a poor soul to this station, is it permissible for him to waste the sanctity of such a kind Lord? Never! It is not permissible for one who has shaken hands with God to then permit disobedience to Him."<br />
Then he said: "When you stood at the Station of Abraham, did you intend that you stood for every act of obedience and turned your back on every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ صَلَّیْتَ فِیهِ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ صَلَّیْتَ بِصَلاةِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَ اَرْغَمْتَ بِصَلاتِکَ اَنْفَ الشَّیطانِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed two rak'ats there, did you intend that you prayed like the prayer of Abraham (AS) and rubbed the nose of Satan in the dust with your prayer?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: فِما صافَحتَ الحَجَر الاَسوَد وَ لا وَقَفتَ عِندَ المَقام وَ لا صَلّیتَ فیهِ رَکعَتینِ». «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی بِئْرِ زَمْزَمَوَ شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not stand at the station, nor did you pray two rak'ats there."<br />
Then he said: "Did you go up to the Well of Zamzam and drink from its water?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی الطَّاعَةِ وَ غَضَضْتَ طَرْفَکَ عَنِ الْمَعْصِیَةِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went up to the Well of Zamzam, did you intend that you ascended toward obedience and cast your gaze away from disobedience?" Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَیْهَا وَ لَا شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا!» «ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: أَ سَعَیْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ مَشَیْتَ وَ تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَهُمَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not ascend to the well, nor did you drink from its water."<br />
Then he said: "Did you perform Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, and walk and move between them?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ: نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ بَیْنَ الرَّجَاءِ وَ الْخَوْفِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "From the Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, did you intend that you were between hope and fear?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا سَعَیْتَ وَ لَا مَشَیْتَ وَ لَا تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَة» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : أَ خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنًی؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Sa'i, nor did you walk or move between Safa and Marwa."<br />
Then he said: "Did you leave Mecca and go to Mina?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ آمَنْتَ النَّاسَ مِنْ لِسَانِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ وَ یَدِکَ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went to Mina, did you intend that you made the people safe from your tongue, your heart, and your hand?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنی» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ أَ وَقَفْتَ الْوَقْفَةَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِوَ عَرَفْتَ وَادِیَ نَمِرَةَ وَ دَعَوْتَ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ عِنْدَالْمِیلِ وَ الْجَمَرَاتِ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not go to Mina."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the station of Arafat? And did you ascend the Mountain of Mercy? And did you recognize the valley of Namira and call upon Allah the Glorified at the milestones and the Jamarat?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ هَلْ عَرَفْتَ بِمَوْقِفِکَبِعَرَفَةَ مَعْرِفَةَ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانَهُ أَمْرَ الْمَعَارِف وَالْعُلُومِ وَ عَرَفْتَ قَبْضَ اللَّهِ عَلَی صَحِیفَتِکَ وَ اطِّلَاعَهُعَلَی سَرِیرَتِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "At the station of Arafat, did you recognize the knowledge of Allah the Glorified and His awareness of your secrets and your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) نَوَیْتَ بِطُلُوعِکَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ یَرْحَمُ کُلَّ مُوءْمِن وَ مُوءْمِنَةٍ وَ یَتَوَلَّی کُلَّ مُسْلِمٍ وَ مُسْلِمَةٍ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you climbed the Mountain of Mercy, did you intend that Allah has mercy on every believing man and woman and takes charge of every Muslim man and woman?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُ حَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you were in Namira, did you intend that you would not command until you yourself obeyed, and you would not forbid until you yourself refrained?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُحَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ قَالَ لَا قَالَفَعِنْدَ مَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ الْعَلَمِ وَ النَّمِرَاتِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَاشَاهِدَةٌ لَکَ عَلَی الطَّاعَاتِ حَافِظَةٌ لَکَ مَعَ الْحَفَظَةِبِأَمْرِ رَبِّ السَّمَاوَاتِ؟ قالَ:لا. قالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَمَا وَقَفْتَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ لَا طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ لَاعَرَفْتَ نَمِرَةَ وَ لَا دَعَوْتَ وَ لَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ النَّمِرَاتِ.» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : مَرَرْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ صَلَّیْتَ قَبْلَ مُرُورِکَرَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ فِیهَا الْحَصَی وَمَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you go to Muzdalifa (Mash'ar)? And did you pick up the pebbles from the ground? And did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| <br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَحِینَ صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَا صَلَاةُ شُکْرٍ فِیلَیْلَةِ عَشْرٍ تَنْفِی کُلَّ عُسْرٍ وَ تُیَسِّرُ کُلَّ یُسْرٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَمْ تَعْدِلْ عَنْهُمَایَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا نَوَیْتَ أَنْ لَا تَعْدِلَ عَنْ دِینِ الْحَقِّیَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا لَا بِقَلْبِکَ وَ لَا بِلِسَانِکَ وَ لَابِجَوَارِحِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَینَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَفَعْتَ عَنْکَ کُلَّ مَعْصِیَةٍ وَ جَهْلٍ وَ ثَبَّتَّکُلَّ عِلْمٍ وَ عَمَلٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you walked in Muzdalifa and picked up the pebbles, did you intend that you removed every sin and ignorance from yourself and established every knowledge and deed?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَأَشْعَرْتَ قَلْبَکَ إِشْعَارَ أَهْلِ التَّقْوَی وَ الْخَوْفَ لِلَّهِعَزَّ وَ جَلَّ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram? Did you intend that you made the signs of the people of piety and fear the emblem of your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
|قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ لَامَشَیْتَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ وَ لَا رَفَعْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَی وَ لَامَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجَمْرَةَ وَ حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ وَذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ وَ رَجَعْتَ إِلَیمَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ <br />
| Imam (a): "You did not walk in Muzdalifa, nor did you pick up those pebbles, nor did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you pray in Mina? And did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat? And did you perform the Halq (shaving the head)? And did you slaughter your sacrifice? And did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf? And did you return to Mecca? And did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ مَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ أَنَّکَبَلَغْتَ إِلَی مَطْلَبِکِ وَ قَدْ قَضَی رَبُّکَ لَکَ کُلَّ حَاجَتِکَ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mina and performed the Ramy al-Jamarat, did you intend that you reached your goal and your Lord has fulfilled all your needs?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَمَیْتَ عَدُوَّکَ إِبْلِیسَ وَ غَضِبْتَهُ بِتَمَامِ حَجِّکَ النَّفِیسِ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ تَطَهَّرْتَ مِنَالْأَدْنَاسِ وَ مِنْ تَبِعَةِ بَنِی آدَمَ وَ خَرَجْتَ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِکَمَا وَلَدَتْکَ أُمُّکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you shaved your head, did you intend that you were purified of impurities and the consequences of the children of Adam, and you emerged from sins as the day your mother gave birth to you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ لَاتَخَافُ إِلَّا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ ذَنْبَکَ وَ لَا تَرْجُو إِلَّارَحْمَةَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed in the Masjid al-Khayf, did you intend that you would fear none but Allah the Almighty and your own sins, and hope for nothing but the mercy of Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا ذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ ذَبَحْتَ حَنْجَرَةَالطَّمَعِ بِمَا تَمَسَّکْتَ بِهِ مِنْ حَقِیقَةِ الْوَرَعِ وَ أَنَّکَاتَّبَعْتَ سُنَّةَ إِبْرَاهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) بِذَبْحِ وَلَدِهِ وَ ثَمَرَةِ فُوءَادِهِ وَ رَیْحَانِ قَلْبِهِ وَحَاجَّهُ سُنَّتُهُ لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُ وَ قَرَّبَهُ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَیلِمَنْ خَلْفَهُ؟ قَالَ: لَا <br />
| Imam (a): "When you slaughtered your sacrifice, did you intend that you slaughtered greed and followed the Sunnah of Abraham (AS) in sacrificing his son?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَجَعْتَ إِلَی مَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِنَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَفَضْتَ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی وَ رَجَعْتَإِلَی طَاعَتِهِ وَ تَمَسَّکْتَ بِوُدِّهِ وَ أَدَّیْتَ فَرَائِضَهُ وَتَقَرَّبْتَ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَی؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you returned to Mecca and performed the Tawaf al-Ifada, did you intend that you overflowed with the mercy of Allah the Almighty and returned to His obedience and drew near to Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ زَیْنُ الْعَابِدِینَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ لَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ وَ لَا حَلَقْتَرَأْسَکَ وَ لَا أَدَّیْتَ نُسُکَکَ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِالْخَیْفِ وَ لَا طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ وَلَا تَقَرَّبْتَ ارْجِعْفَإِنَّکَ لَمْ تَحُجَّ. فَطَفِقَ الشِّبْلِیُّ یَبْکِی عَلَی مَا فَرَّطَهُ فِیحَجِّهِ وَ مَا زَالَ یَتَعَلَّمُ حَتَّی حَجَّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ بِمَعْرِفَةٍوَ یَقِین».<br />
| Imam (a) said: "You did not reach Mina, nor did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat, nor did you shave your head, nor did you perform your rites, nor did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf, nor did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada, nor did you draw near to Allah, for you did not perform Hajj."<br />
Then Shibli began to weep for what he had neglected in his Hajj, and he continued to learn until he performed Hajj the following year with knowledge and certainty.<br />
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== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
<br />
* ''History of Sufism'', Mir Bagheri Fard, Seyyed Ali Asghar, Dehbashi, Mehdi, Tehran-Iran, Samt, 2013.<br />
* ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Ansari, Abdullah ibn Muhammad, Tehran-Iran, Toos, 1983.<br />
* ''History of Baghdad'', Khatib al-Baghdadi, Ahmad ibn Ali, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1997.<br />
* ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Ibn Khallikan, Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Fikr, n.d.<br />
* ''Nafahat al-Uns'', Jami, Abd al-Rahman ibn Ahmad, Calcutta-India, n.p., n.d.<br />
* ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Hujwiri, Ali ibn Uthman, Tehran-Iran, Soroush, 2004.<br />
* ''In Search of Iranian Sufism'', Zarrinkoub, Abdolhossein, Tehran-Iran, Amirkabir, 2024.<br />
* ''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Attar Nishapuri, Farid al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Sokhan, n.d.<br />
* ''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Shushtari, Nur Allah ibn Sharif al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Islamiyyeh, 1998.<br />
* ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Khansari, Seyyed Mohammad Baqir, Qom-Iran, Esmaeilian, 2011.<br />
* ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Modarres, Mohammad Ali, Qom-Iran, Imam Sadiq (AS) Institute, 2016.<br />
* ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il'', Nuri, Husayn ibn Muhammad Taqi, Beirut-Lebanon, Al al-Bayt, 1987.<br />
* ''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', Husayni Jalali Ha'iri, Seyyed Mohammad Reza, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2010.<br />
* ''Sahba-ye Safa'', Javadi Amoli, Abdullah, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2003.<br />
* ''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', Mohammadi Reyshahri, Mohammad, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2007.<br />
* ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: In Shi'a Narrations or Sufi Tales?'', Khameh-yar, Ahmad, Tehran-Iran, Journal of Hajj and Pilgrimage Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2021.<br />
* ''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', Qubadiyani, Nasir Khusraw, Tehran-Iran, Noor Computer Research Center for Islamic Sciences, n.d.<br />
* ''An Investigation into the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Traditions'', Husayni, Davood, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2021.<br />
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[[Category:Secrets of Hajj]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
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[[ar:حديث الشبلي]]<br />
[[fa:حدیث شبلی]]</div>Pourghorbanihttps://en.wikihaj.com/index.php?title=Hadith_of_Shibli&diff=4206Hadith of Shibli2026-10-05T13:21:20Z<p>Pourghorbani: /* Text of the Hadith of Shibli */</p>
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<div>'''Hadith of Shibli''' is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)]], in which the Imam explains some of the [[mystical secrets of Hajj]].<br />
<br />
Shibli was a Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH who, after withdrawing from the [[Abbasid court]], turned to asceticism and mysticism and became a student of Junayd al-Baghdadi.<br />
<br />
The narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in ''al-Tuhfah al-Saniyyah''. Although it later became widely known, some scholars have questioned its authenticity and have traced its origins to earlier Sufi texts.<br />
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== Shibli ==<br />
'''Shibli''' (Abu Bakr Dulaf ibn Jahdar al-Shibli)<ref>''History of Sufism: The Evolution of Islamic Mysticism from the Beginning to the Sixth Century AH'', Vol. 1, p. 116.</ref>, a renowned Sufi of the third and fourth centuries AH, was born in [[Samarra]] in 247 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 3, p. 337.</ref> His father was from the village of Shibliyyah in Usrushana, Transoxiana, which is why he was called Shibli.<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 564; ''Mu'jam al-Udaba'', Vol. 1, p. 245.</ref> Shibli initially served in the [[Abbasid]] court and was the governor of Damavand,<ref>''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 273; ''Al-Muntazam'', Vol. 14, p. 51.</ref> but after repenting, he became a Sufi<ref>''Nafahat al-Uns'', p. 135; ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Vol. 1, p. 221.</ref> and was one of the students of Junayd of Baghdad.<ref>''Research in Iranian Sufism'', p. 154.</ref> He studied under Junayd for about six years and subsequently became famous for his asceticism and mysticism.<ref>''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Vol. 1, pp. 515-516.</ref>There is disagreement regarding his religious affiliation: some sources regard him as a [[Maliki]],<ref>''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 568; ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 448.</ref> while others identify him as a [[Shia]].<ref>''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Vol. 2, p. 32; ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Vol. 2, p. 231; ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Vol. 3, pp. 181-182.</ref> Shibli died in [[Baghdad]] in 334 or 335 AH.<ref>''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Vol. 1, p. 338; ''History of Baghdad'', Vol. 16, p. 572; ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Vol. 2, p. 276.</ref><br />
<br />
== Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli is a narration attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (AS)|Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a)]], in which the Imam, in a conversation with Shibli, explains the [[secrets]] and inner meanings of the rites of [[Hajj]].<br />
<br />
This narration was first recorded in the twelfth century AH in the book ''Al-Tuhfah al-Sunniyyah'' by Sayyid Abdullah Jazairi (d. 1173 AH), and Muhaddith Nuri included it in ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il''; however, it has been stated that due to its absence in ancient sources and its status as a mursal report,{{enote|A mursal hadith is a term in hadith studies meaning that the name of the narrator is omitted from the chain of transmission.}} its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a) has been questioned, and some scholars have suggested that it may have originated in Sufi mystical texts.<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285; ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 1.</ref><br />
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=== Validation ===<br />
Some researchers, such as Sayyid Mohammad Reza Husseini Jalali, have accepted its attribution to Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref> Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, despite doubts regarding the chain of transmission, has described the text of the narration as "strong and instructive".<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 35.</ref> In contrast, Muhammadi Reyshahri has regarded its content as mystical and therefore not attributable to the Ahl al-Bayt, suggesting it is a Sufi discourse that was later attributed to [[Imam Sajjad (a)]].<ref>''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', p. 285.</ref><br />
<br />
Some researchers argue that the Shibli mentioned in this narration cannot have been Abu Bakr al-Shibli, the fourth-century Sufi of Baghdad, because he lived approximately two centuries after Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Sahbay-e Safa'', p. 344.</ref> Based on this, they have suggested that the name Shibli in this narration might be a corruption of another name (such as Shaybah ibn Nu'amah), who was a companion of Imam Sajjad (a).<ref>''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', p. 175.</ref><br />
<br />
In ancient Sufi texts and the works of some Sunni authors, narrations with a structure similar to the "Hadith of Shibli" can be found, in which Abu Bakr Shibli discusses the secrets and meanings of Hajj. Among the earliest examples are ''Tahdhib al-Asrar'' by Abu Sa'd Khargushi (d. 407 AH) and ''Haqa'iq al-Tafsir'' by Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami (d. 412 AH), Other sources<ref>Ibn al-Jawzi, Ibn Arabi, Khwarazmi.</ref> have also recorded similar narrations.<ref>''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: Shia Narration or Sufi Tale?'', p. 9.</ref> Among Persian sources, the same theme can be found in ''Kashf al-Mahjub''<ref>''Kashf al-Mahjub'', p. 474.</ref> and the poems of Nasir Khusraw.<ref>''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', p. 265.</ref><br />
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== Content of the Hadith ==<br />
The Hadith of Shibli addresses the rites of Hajj and their moral and mystical concepts, which generally include the following topics:<br />
<br />
==== Secrets of the Miqat and its Rites ====<br />
This section addresses the preliminaries of Hajj and explains the moral and mystical concepts of acts such as removing stitched clothing (purifying the inner and outer self)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 44.</ref>, wearing [[Ihram clothing]] (awakening)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 50.</ref>, [[Ghusl of Ihram]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 55.</ref>, prayer before Ihram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 64.</ref>, and [[Talbiyah]].<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 67.</ref> In these discourses, Ihram is interpreted as a symbol of entering a new stage of spiritual wayfaring.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 48.</ref><br />
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==== Secrets of Entering the Haram and the Rites of Mecca ====<br />
In this section, entering the Haram<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 78.</ref>, [[Tawaf]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 90.</ref>, [[Istilam]] of the Black Stone<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref>, the Station of Abraham<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 100.</ref>, drinking [[Zamzam|Zamzam water]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 112.</ref>, and [[Sa'i]] between [[Safa and Marwa]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 115.</ref> are examined from a mystical perspective; these acts are signs of recognizing the Master of the House<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 85.</ref> and the covenant of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 94.</ref><br />
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==== Secrets of Staying in the Sacred Sites ====<br />
This hadith also addresses staying in Mina<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, [[Arafat|staying in Arafat]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 130.</ref>, [[Mash'ar]]<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 155.</ref>, and the rites related to them, with each act accompanied by a moral or cognitive concept; such as exiting selfishness<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 126.</ref>, altruism<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 162.</ref>, and beginning a new movement on the path of servitude.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 177.</ref><br />
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Some believe that in this hadith, Imam Sajjad (AS) explains four stages of self-purification in Islamic ethics, known as *Murabata*.<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref> These stages are: *Musharata* (making a covenant with oneself)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 40.</ref>, *Muraqaba* (self-monitoring)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 35.</ref>, *Muhasaba* (evaluating actions)<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 38.</ref>, and *Mu'ataba* (reproaching and correcting the self).<ref>''A Study of the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Narrations'', p. 41.</ref><br />
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== Text of the Hadith of Shibli ==<br />
{{text and translation<br />
| title = Hadith of Shibli and Translation<br />
| لَما رَجَعَ مَولانا زَیْنُ العابِدینَ ( ع) مِن الحَجِّ اسْتَقْبَلَهُ الشِبْلیُّ.<br />
فَقالَ ( ع) له: حَجَجْتَ یا شِبلیُّ؟<br />
| Shibli had gone to Hajj and after performing the rites of Hajj, he was honored to be in the presence of Imam Sajjad (a). The Imam (AS) asked him: "O Shibli, have you performed Hajj?"<br />
| قالَ: نَعَمْ یا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللّهِ.<br />
| Shibli: "Yes, O son of the Messenger of Allah."<br />
|فَقال ( ع ) : اَنَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ اغْتسَلْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ خَلَعْتَ ثَوْبَ الْمَعْصِیَةِ وَ لَبِسْتَ ثَوْبَ الطاعَة؟» قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you descended to the Miqat, did you intend that you cast off the garment of disobedience and put on the garment of obedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ تَجَرَّدْتَ عَنْ مَخِیطِ ثِیابِکَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَجَرَّدْتَمِنَ الِّریاء وَ النِّفاقِ وَ الدُّخُولِ فی الشُّبَهاتِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you stripped off your stitched clothes, did you intend that you stripped yourself of hypocrisy, dissimulation, and entering into doubts?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ اغْتَسَلْتَ نَویْتَ اَنَّکَ اغْتَسَلْتَ مِنَ الْخَطایا وَ الذُّنُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Ghusl, did you intend that you washed yourself of sins and faults?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ: قالَ فما نَزَلْتَ المیقاتَ وَ لا تَجَرَّدْتَ عَن مَخیطِ الثِّیابِ وَ لا اغْتَسَلْتَ «ثُمَّ قالَ ( ع ) : تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ بِالْحَجِّ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not descend to the Miqat, nor did you strip off your stitched clothes, nor did you perform Ghusl."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you purify yourself, enter Ihram, and make the intention (contract) for Hajj?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) فَحینَ تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ اَحْرَمْتَ وَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَتَنَظَّفْتَ بِنُورِ التَّوْبَةِ الْخالِصَةِ للّهِ تَعالی؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you purified yourself and made the intention, did you intend that you would forbid for yourself whatever Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فحِینَ اَحْرَمْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کلَّ مُحَرَّمٍ حَرَّمَه اللّهُ عَزَّوَجَلَّ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered Ihram, did you intend that you forbade for yourself every forbidden thing that Allah the Almighty has forbidden?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ قَدْ حَلَلْتَ کُلَّ عَقْدٍ لِغَیْرِ اللّهِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you made the intention for Hajj, did you intend that you untied every knot (contract) for other than Allah?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع) : ما تَنَظَّفْتَ وَ لا اَحْرَمْتَ وَ لا عَقَدْتَ الْحَجَّ.» قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : اَدَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَصَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیِ الاِحْرامِ وَ لَبَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not purify yourself, nor did you enter Ihram, nor did you make the intention for Hajj." Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Miqat and say the Talbiyah?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( ع ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ بِنِیَّةِ الزِّیارَةِ؟ قالَ: لا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Miqat, did you intend that you entered with the intention of pilgrimage?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ (ع) : فحینَ صَلَّیْتَ الرَّکْعَتَینِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ تَقَرَّبْتَ اِلَیاللّه بِخَیْرِ الاَْعْمالِ مِنَ الصَّلاةِ وَ اَکْبَرِ حَسَناتِالْعِبادِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed the two rak'ats, did you intend that you drew near to Allah through the best of deeds, which is prayer, and the greatest of the servants' good deeds?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( ع) : فَحینَ لَبَّیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ نَطَقْتَ للّهِ سُبْحانَهُ بِکُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ صَمَتَّ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you said the Talbiyah, did you intend that you spoke for Allah the Glorified in every act of obedience and remained silent from every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ لَهُ ( ع ) : ما دَخَلْتَ المِیقاتَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ وَ لا لَبَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ لَهُ ( علیه السلام ) : اَدَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not enter the Miqat, nor did you pray, nor did you say the Talbiyah."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you enter the Haram, see the Kaaba, and pray?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ حَرَّمْتَ عَلی نَفْسِکَ کُلَّ غِیْبَةٍ تَسْتَغِیبُهَا المُسْلِمِینَ مِنْ اَهْلِ مِلَّةِالاِْسْلامِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you entered the Haram, did you intend that you forbade upon yourself every backbiting of the Muslims of the Islamic community?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ وَصَلْتَ مَکَّةَ نَوَیْتَ بِقَلْبِکَ اَنَّکَ قَصَدْتَ اللّهَ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mecca, saw the Kaaba, and knew it was the House of Allah, did you intend to seek Allah the Glorified and cut yourself off from other than Him?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما دَخَلْتَ الْحَرَمَ وَ لا رَأَیْتَ الْکَعْبَةَ وَ لا صَلَّیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ مَسَسْتَ الاْرَکانَ وَسَعَیْتَ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not enter the Haram, nor did you see the Kaaba, nor did you pray."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you perform Tawaf of the House, touch the corners, and perform Sa'i?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ سَعَیْتَ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ هَرَبتَ اِلَی اللّهِ وَ عَرَفَ مِنْکَ ذلِکَ عَلاّمُ الْغُیُوبِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you performed Sa'i, did you intend that you fled to Allah, and the Knower of the Unseen recognized that from you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَما طُفْتَ بِالْبَیْتِ وَ لا مَسَسْتَ الاَْرْکانَ وَ لا سَعَیْتَ.» «ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: صافَحْتَ الْحَجَرَ وَ وَقَفْتَ بِمَقامِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَصَلَّیْتَ بِهِ رَکْعَتَینِ؟ قالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Tawaf of the House, nor did you perform Sa'i."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the Station of Abraham (AS) and pray two rak'ats there?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| فَصاحَ ( علیه السلام ) صَیْحَةً کادَ یُفارِقُ الدُّنیا. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : آهٍ آهٍ، مَنْ صافَحَ الْحَجَرَ الاَْسْوَدَ فَقَدْ صافَحَ اللّهَتَعالی. فَانْظُرْ یا مِسْکین لا تُضَیِّعْ اَجْرَ ما عَظُمَ حُرْمَتُهُ وَتَنْقُضِ الْمُصافَحَةَ بِالْمُخالَفَةِ وَ قَبْضِ الْحَرامِ نَظیرَاَهْلِ الآثامِ. ثُمَّ قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ حینَ وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ مَقامِ اِبْراهیمَ ( علیه السلام ) اَنَّکَ وَقَفْتَ عَلی کُلِّ طاعَةٍ وَ تَخَلَّفْتَ عَنْ کُلِّ مَعْصِیَةٍ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| At this, the Imam (a) let out a cry so loud he almost left this world, then said: "Ah, ah! Where is the one who has reached the station of proximity and shaken hands with God? If the Almighty, with all His greatness and majesty, brings a poor soul to this station, is it permissible for him to waste the sanctity of such a kind Lord? Never! It is not permissible for one who has shaken hands with God to then permit disobedience to Him."<br />
Then he said: "When you stood at the Station of Abraham, did you intend that you stood for every act of obedience and turned your back on every act of disobedience?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَحینَ صَلَّیْتَ فِیهِ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ اَنَّکَ صَلَّیْتَ بِصَلاةِ اِبْراهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) وَ اَرْغَمْتَ بِصَلاتِکَ اَنْفَ الشَّیطانِ؟ قالَ: لا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed two rak'ats there, did you intend that you prayed like the prayer of Abraham (AS) and rubbed the nose of Satan in the dust with your prayer?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: فِما صافَحتَ الحَجَر الاَسوَد وَ لا وَقَفتَ عِندَ المَقام وَ لا صَلّیتَ فیهِ رَکعَتینِ». «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی بِئْرِ زَمْزَمَوَ شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "You did not stand at the station, nor did you pray two rak'ats there."<br />
Then he said: "Did you go up to the Well of Zamzam and drink from its water?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَی الطَّاعَةِ وَ غَضَضْتَ طَرْفَکَ عَنِ الْمَعْصِیَةِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went up to the Well of Zamzam, did you intend that you ascended toward obedience and cast your gaze away from disobedience?" Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا أَشْرَفْتَ عَلَیْهَا وَ لَا شَرِبْتَ مِنْ مَائِهَا!» «ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: أَ سَعَیْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَةِ وَ مَشَیْتَ وَ تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَهُمَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not ascend to the well, nor did you drink from its water."<br />
Then he said: "Did you perform Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, and walk and move between them?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ: نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ بَیْنَ الرَّجَاءِ وَ الْخَوْفِ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "From the Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, did you intend that you were between hope and fear?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا سَعَیْتَ وَ لَا مَشَیْتَ وَ لَا تَرَدَّدْتَ بَیْنَ الصَّفَا وَ الْمَرْوَة» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : أَ خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنًی؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not perform Sa'i, nor did you walk or move between Safa and Marwa."<br />
Then he said: "Did you leave Mecca and go to Mina?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ آمَنْتَ النَّاسَ مِنْ لِسَانِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ وَ یَدِکَ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you went to Mina, did you intend that you made the people safe from your tongue, your heart, and your hand?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا خَرَجْتَ إِلَی مِنی» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ أَ وَقَفْتَ الْوَقْفَةَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِوَ عَرَفْتَ وَادِیَ نَمِرَةَ وَ دَعَوْتَ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ عِنْدَالْمِیلِ وَ الْجَمَرَاتِ؟ قالَ: نَعَم.<br />
| Imam (a): "So you did not go to Mina."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you stand at the station of Arafat? And did you ascend the Mountain of Mercy? And did you recognize the valley of Namira and call upon Allah the Glorified at the milestones and the Jamarat?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ هَلْ عَرَفْتَ بِمَوْقِفِکَبِعَرَفَةَ مَعْرِفَةَ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانَهُ أَمْرَ الْمَعَارِف وَالْعُلُومِ وَ عَرَفْتَ قَبْضَ اللَّهِ عَلَی صَحِیفَتِکَ وَ اطِّلَاعَهُعَلَی سَرِیرَتِکَ وَ قَلْبِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "At the station of Arafat, did you recognize the knowledge of Allah the Glorified and His awareness of your secrets and your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) نَوَیْتَ بِطُلُوعِکَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ یَرْحَمُ کُلَّ مُوءْمِن وَ مُوءْمِنَةٍ وَ یَتَوَلَّی کُلَّ مُسْلِمٍ وَ مُسْلِمَةٍ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you climbed the Mountain of Mercy, did you intend that Allah has mercy on every believing man and woman and takes charge of every Muslim man and woman?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قالَ ( علیه السلام ) : قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُ حَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you were in Namira, did you intend that you would not command until you yourself obeyed, and you would not forbid until you yourself refrained?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ نَمِرَةَ أَنَّکَ لَا تَأْمُرُحَتَّی تَأْتَمِرَ وَ لَا تَزْجُرُ حَتَّی تَنْزَجِرَ قَالَ لَا قَالَفَعِنْدَ مَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ الْعَلَمِ وَ النَّمِرَاتِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَاشَاهِدَةٌ لَکَ عَلَی الطَّاعَاتِ حَافِظَةٌ لَکَ مَعَ الْحَفَظَةِبِأَمْرِ رَبِّ السَّمَاوَاتِ؟ قالَ:لا. قالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَمَا وَقَفْتَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَ لَا طَلَعْتَ جَبَلَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ لَاعَرَفْتَ نَمِرَةَ وَ لَا دَعَوْتَ وَ لَا وَقَفْتَ عِنْدَ النَّمِرَاتِ.» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : مَرَرْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ صَلَّیْتَ قَبْلَ مُرُورِکَرَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ فِیهَا الْحَصَی وَمَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you go to Muzdalifa (Mash'ar)? And did you pick up the pebbles from the ground? And did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| <br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) :فَحِینَ صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّهَا صَلَاةُ شُکْرٍ فِیلَیْلَةِ عَشْرٍ تَنْفِی کُلَّ عُسْرٍ وَ تُیَسِّرُ کُلَّ یُسْرٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بَیْنَ الْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَمْ تَعْدِلْ عَنْهُمَایَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا نَوَیْتَ أَنْ لَا تَعْدِلَ عَنْ دِینِ الْحَقِّیَمِیناً وَ شِمَالًا لَا بِقَلْبِکَ وَ لَا بِلِسَانِکَ وَ لَابِجَوَارِحِکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَشَیْتَ بِمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَ لَقَطْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَینَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَفَعْتَ عَنْکَ کُلَّ مَعْصِیَةٍ وَ جَهْلٍ وَ ثَبَّتَّکُلَّ عِلْمٍ وَ عَمَلٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "When you walked in Muzdalifa and picked up the pebbles, did you intend that you removed every sin and ignorance from yourself and established every knowledge and deed?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَأَشْعَرْتَ قَلْبَکَ إِشْعَارَ أَهْلِ التَّقْوَی وَ الْخَوْفَ لِلَّهِعَزَّ وَ جَلَّ؟ قَالَ: لَا.<br />
| Imam (a): "Did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram? Did you intend that you made the signs of the people of piety and fear the emblem of your heart?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
|قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا مَرَرْتَ بِالْعَلَمَیْنِ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ رَکْعَتَیْنِ وَ لَامَشَیْتَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ وَ لَا رَفَعْتَ مِنْهَا الْحَصَی وَ لَامَرَرْتَ بِالْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ» «ثُمَّ قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) لَهُ: وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجَمْرَةَ وَ حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ وَذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ وَ صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ وَ رَجَعْتَ إِلَیمَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ <br />
| Imam (a): "You did not walk in Muzdalifa, nor did you pick up those pebbles, nor did you pass by the Mash'ar al-Haram."<br />
Then the Imam (AS) said: "Did you pray in Mina? And did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat? And did you perform the Halq (shaving the head)? And did you slaughter your sacrifice? And did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf? And did you return to Mecca? And did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada?"<br />
Shibli: "Yes."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَنَوَیْتَ عِنْدَ مَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ أَنَّکَبَلَغْتَ إِلَی مَطْلَبِکِ وَ قَدْ قَضَی رَبُّکَ لَکَ کُلَّ حَاجَتِکَ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you reached Mina and performed the Ramy al-Jamarat, did you intend that you reached your goal and your Lord has fulfilled all your needs?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ رَمَیْتَ عَدُوَّکَ إِبْلِیسَ وَ غَضِبْتَهُ بِتَمَامِ حَجِّکَ النَّفِیسِ؟<br />
قَالَ: لَا<br />
قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا حَلَقْتَ رَأْسَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ تَطَهَّرْتَ مِنَالْأَدْنَاسِ وَ مِنْ تَبِعَةِ بَنِی آدَمَ وَ خَرَجْتَ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِکَمَا وَلَدَتْکَ أُمُّکَ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you shaved your head, did you intend that you were purified of impurities and the consequences of the children of Adam, and you emerged from sins as the day your mother gave birth to you?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِ الْخَیْفِ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ لَاتَخَافُ إِلَّا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ ذَنْبَکَ وَ لَا تَرْجُو إِلَّارَحْمَةَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی ؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you prayed in the Masjid al-Khayf, did you intend that you would fear none but Allah the Almighty and your own sins, and hope for nothing but the mercy of Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا ذَبَحْتَ هَدْیَکَ نَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ ذَبَحْتَ حَنْجَرَةَالطَّمَعِ بِمَا تَمَسَّکْتَ بِهِ مِنْ حَقِیقَةِ الْوَرَعِ وَ أَنَّکَاتَّبَعْتَ سُنَّةَ إِبْرَاهِیمَ ( علیه السلام ) بِذَبْحِ وَلَدِهِ وَ ثَمَرَةِ فُوءَادِهِ وَ رَیْحَانِ قَلْبِهِ وَحَاجَّهُ سُنَّتُهُ لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُ وَ قَرَّبَهُ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَیلِمَنْ خَلْفَهُ؟ قَالَ: لَا <br />
| Imam (a): "When you slaughtered your sacrifice, did you intend that you slaughtered greed and followed the Sunnah of Abraham (AS) in sacrificing his son?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَعِنْدَ مَا رَجَعْتَ إِلَی مَکَّةَ وَ طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِنَوَیْتَ أَنَّکَ أَفَضْتَ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَی وَ رَجَعْتَإِلَی طَاعَتِهِ وَ تَمَسَّکْتَ بِوُدِّهِ وَ أَدَّیْتَ فَرَائِضَهُ وَتَقَرَّبْتَ إِلَی اللَّهِ تَعَالَی؟ قَالَ: لَا<br />
| Imam (a): "When you returned to Mecca and performed the Tawaf al-Ifada, did you intend that you overflowed with the mercy of Allah the Almighty and returned to His obedience and drew near to Allah the Almighty?"<br />
Shibli: "No."<br />
| قَالَ لَهُ زَیْنُ الْعَابِدِینَ ( علیه السلام ) : فَمَا وَصَلْتَ مِنًی وَ لَا رَمَیْتَ الْجِمَارَ وَ لَا حَلَقْتَرَأْسَکَ وَ لَا أَدَّیْتَ نُسُکَکَ وَ لَا صَلَّیْتَ فِی مَسْجِدِالْخَیْفِ وَ لَا طُفْتَ طَوَافَ الْإِفَاضَةِ وَلَا تَقَرَّبْتَ ارْجِعْفَإِنَّکَ لَمْ تَحُجَّ. فَطَفِقَ الشِّبْلِیُّ یَبْکِی عَلَی مَا فَرَّطَهُ فِیحَجِّهِ وَ مَا زَالَ یَتَعَلَّمُ حَتَّی حَجَّ مِنْ قَابِلٍ بِمَعْرِفَةٍوَ یَقِین».<br />
| Imam (a) said: "You did not reach Mina, nor did you perform the Ramy al-Jamarat, nor did you shave your head, nor did you perform your rites, nor did you pray in the Masjid al-Khayf, nor did you perform the Tawaf al-Ifada, nor did you draw near to Allah, for you did not perform Hajj."<br />
Then Shibli began to weep for what he had neglected in his Hajj, and he continued to learn until he performed Hajj the following year with knowledge and certainty.<br />
| translation <br />
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}}<br />
<br />
== Footnotes ==<br />
{{Footnotes}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{References}}<br />
<br />
* ''History of Sufism'', Mir Bagheri Fard, Seyyed Ali Asghar, Dehbashi, Mehdi, Tehran-Iran, Samt, 2013.<br />
* ''Tabaqat al-Sufiyya'', Ansari, Abdullah ibn Muhammad, Tehran-Iran, Toos, 1983.<br />
* ''History of Baghdad'', Khatib al-Baghdadi, Ahmad ibn Ali, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1997.<br />
* ''Wafayat al-A'yan'', Ibn Khallikan, Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Beirut-Lebanon, Dar al-Fikr, n.d.<br />
* ''Nafahat al-Uns'', Jami, Abd al-Rahman ibn Ahmad, Calcutta-India, n.p., n.d.<br />
* ''Kashf al-Mahjub'', Hujwiri, Ali ibn Uthman, Tehran-Iran, Soroush, 2004.<br />
* ''In Search of Iranian Sufism'', Zarrinkoub, Abdolhossein, Tehran-Iran, Amirkabir, 2024.<br />
* ''Tadhkirat al-Awliya'', Attar Nishapuri, Farid al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Sokhan, n.d.<br />
* ''Majalis al-Mu'minin'', Shushtari, Nur Allah ibn Sharif al-Din, Tehran-Iran, Islamiyyeh, 1998.<br />
* ''Rawdat al-Jannat'', Khansari, Seyyed Mohammad Baqir, Qom-Iran, Esmaeilian, 2011.<br />
* ''Rayhanat al-Adab'', Modarres, Mohammad Ali, Qom-Iran, Imam Sadiq (AS) Institute, 2016.<br />
* ''Mustadrak al-Wasa'il'', Nuri, Husayn ibn Muhammad Taqi, Beirut-Lebanon, Al al-Bayt, 1987.<br />
* ''Jihad al-Imam al-Sajjad'', Husayni Jalali Ha'iri, Seyyed Mohammad Reza, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2010.<br />
* ''Sahba-ye Safa'', Javadi Amoli, Abdullah, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2003.<br />
* ''Hajj and Umrah in the Quran and Hadith'', Mohammadi Reyshahri, Mohammad, Qom-Iran, Dar al-Hadith, 2007.<br />
* ''The Hadith of Shibli on the Secrets of Hajj: In Shi'a Narrations or Sufi Tales?'', Khameh-yar, Ahmad, Tehran-Iran, Journal of Hajj and Pilgrimage Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2021.<br />
* ''Divan of Nasir Khusraw'', Qubadiyani, Nasir Khusraw, Tehran-Iran, Noor Computer Research Center for Islamic Sciences, n.d.<br />
* ''An Investigation into the Secrets of Hajj in the Hadith of Shibli from the Perspective of Verses and Traditions'', Husayni, Davood, Tehran-Iran, Mash'ar, 2021.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Secrets of Hajj]]<br />
[[Category:Articles ready for translation]]<br />
[[Category:Completed articles]]<br />
<br />
[[ar:حديث الشبلي]]<br />
[[fa:حدیث شبلی]]</div>Pourghorbani